scholarly journals Influence of Biopsychosocial Factors on the Survival of the Elderly in Northeast Brazil—A Prospective Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Campos Cavalcanti Maciel ◽  
Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Predictive Variables ◽  
Cox Analysis ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background. Identifying the risk factors peculiar to each population has a great relevance, because it enables health policy formulators to analyze information accurately and by doing so, define objectives and action programs aimed at a qualitative and economically feasible solution to the problem. Thus, this study aimed at identifying the risk factors for survival in elderly in a city in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil.Methods. A prospective study was carried out, where 310 elderly persons were selected to form a baseline. The follow-up was 53 months. The predictive variables were divided into sociodemographic, physical health, neuropsychiatric and functional capacity. Statistical analysis was performed using bivariate analysis, survival analysis, followed by Cox regression in the multivariate analysis.Results. A total of 60 (19.3%) elderly individuals died during the follow-up. The survival mean was 24.8 months. In the Cox analysis, dependence in basic activities of daily living (HR = 3.55), cognitive deficit (HR = 4.22) and stroke (HR = 3.35) continued as independent risk factors for death.Discussion. The risk factors found in the study can be interpreted as the primary predictors for death among elderly members of the community.

scholarly journals Falls in the Elderly: A Prospective Study of Risk Factors and Risk Profiles

1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (11) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Graafmans ◽  
M. E. Ooms ◽  
H. M. A. Hofstee ◽  
P. D. Bezemer ◽  
L. M. Bouter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Risk Profiles ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Early Recurrence of Gallstones in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopy Combined With Choledochoscopic Lithotomy: A Single-Center Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Anhua Huang ◽  
Min Jiang ◽  
Haidong Li ◽  
Wenqing Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Gallbladder Wall ◽  
Postoperative Recurrence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Objective: For patients with gallstones, laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopic lithotomy is a therapeutic surgical option for preservation rather than the removal of the gallbladder. However, postoperative recurrence of gallstones is a key concern for both patients and surgeons. This prospective study was performed to investigate the risk factors for early postoperative recurrence of gallstones.Methods: The clinical data of 466 patients were collected. Each patient was followed up for up to 2 years. The first follow-up visit occurred 4 months after the operation, and a follow-up visit was carried out every 6 months thereafter. The main goal of each visit was to confirm the presence or absence of gallbladder stones. The factors associated with gallstone recurrence were analyzed by univariate analysis and Cox regression.Results: In total, 466 eligible patients were included in the study, and 438 patients (180 men and 258 women) completed the 2-year postoperative follow-up. The follow-up rate was 94.0%. Recurrence of gallstones was detected in 5.71% (25/438) of the patients. Univariate analysis revealed five risk factors for the recurrence of gallstones. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that multiple gallstones, a gallbladder wall thickness of ≥4 mm, and a family history of gallbladder stones were the three predictive factors for postoperative recurrence of gallstones (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The overall 2-year recurrence rate of gallstones after the operation was 5.71%. Multiple gallstones, a gallbladder wall thickness of ≥4 mm, and a family history of gallstones were the three risk factors associated with early postoperative recurrence of gallstones.

Abstract 2634: A Prospective Study Of Asymptomatic Intracranial Arterial Stenosis In Japanese Healthy Subjects

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryukichi Matsui ◽  
Hiroaki Oguro ◽  
Nagai Atsushi ◽  
Hirokazu Bokura ◽  
Keiichi Onoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Stroke Onset ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Intracranial Arterial Stenosis ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Age And Sex

Background and purpose: Atherosclerotic stenosis of major intracranial arteries accounts for 5 to 10% of all causes of stroke. The Warfarin versus Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease (WASID) Study has demonstrated stroke onset in 5 among 100 patients with asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (AIAS) during the follow-up period of 1.8 years. However, there are no prospective studies of intracranial stenosis in healthy subjects with a longer follow-up period. We conducted a 7-years longitudinal study in healthy subjects with AIAS to examine its risk factors and prognosis. Methods: We performed a prospective study on 3,155 neurologically normal subjects without history of stroke (1724 men, 1431 woman, mean age of 59). They were followed up with the mean interval of 83 months to obtain information about their stroke event with a questionnaire by mail or telephone interview and inquiry to the relevant medical facilities. AIAS were assessed on MRA at the time of first visit for all subjects. Result: AIAS was detected in 323 subjects (10.2%; AIAS group) at the initial examination. Significant risk factors for AIAS were older age, female, hypertension, high values of fasting blood glucose and HbA1c. During the follow-up stroke occurred in 77 subjects (2.7%) from the no-AIAS group and 14 subjects (4.3%) from the AIAS group (p = 0.07). Age and sex affected the stroke onset. The Cox's proportional-Hazards regression model after adjustment of age and sex revealed the significant contribution of AIAS on stroke onset (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.03-3.4, p = 0.039). The stroke types were 11 ischemic and 3 hemorrhagic in the AIAS group. Conclusions: AIAS is a significant risk factor for future stroke even in healthy subjects. Intense management of blood pressure and glucose level might be crucial for preventing asymptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic risk factors in obese individuals and the risk of incident diabetes mellitus in 12-year prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
S. V. Mustafina ◽  
D. A. Vinter ◽  
O. D. Rymar ◽  
L. V. Scherbakova ◽  
O. V. Sazonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Baseline Screening

Aim of the study was to investigate the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in individuals with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes (MHO and MUO) and evaluate the contribution of metabolic syndrome (MS) components to the 12-year risk of developing T2DM according to a prospective study.Material and methods. The study included 1958 people with a BMI ≥30 kg/m² and no T2DM, from among those examined at the baseline screening in 2003– 2005 of the HAPPIE project. New cases of T2DM were diagnosed between 2003 and 2018 according to the register of diabetes mellitus and repeated screenings. The median follow-up period was 12.1 years. Were used to define MHO: criteria of the NCEPATP III, 2001 and IDF, 2005.Results. The incidence of T2DM in the MHO group according to all studied criteria is on 1,5 times lower than in persons with MUO, p<0,001. According to the results of Cox regression multivariate analysis, the risk of developing T2DM in individuals with MHO is 2.3 times lower according to the IDF criteria, 2005 and 2,2 times lower according to the NCEP ATP III, 2001 criteria, compared with persons with MUO. The risk of developing T2DM increases in direct proportion to the number of MS components: 3 components—OR = 3,1 (95% CI: 1.0; 9.9), p = 0.048, 4 components—OR = 4.4 (95% CI: 1.4; 14.0), p = 0.011. However, the presence of obesity in a person with one risk factor does not lead to the development of T2DM within 12 years, p>0.05. When analyzing obese individuals who had abdominal obesity (AO), the risk of developing T2DM is 2 times higher compared to individuals with normal waist circumference (WC), and people without AO demonstrate no risk of developing T2DM, with an increase in the number of MS components, p> 0.05.Conclusions. The incidence of first-­onset T2DM during 12 years in the MHO group by any used criteria is on 1.5 times lower than in the MUO group. In individuals with obesity, regardless of its phenotype, the most significant independent predictors of the risk of incident T2DM are AO and fasting hyperglycaemia. In individuals without AO, the risk of developing T2DM does not increase, even with an increase in the number of MS components. In the presence of AO, the risk of developing T2DM increases 2 times already with the appearance of any other component.

Incidence, Risk Factors, and Follow-Up of Diabetes Mellitus After Liver Transplant: A Prospective Study From Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Jeddi ◽  
Firooze Aghasadeghi ◽  
Gholamhossein Ranjbar Omrani ◽  
Seyed Ali Malekhosseini ◽  
Kamran Bagheri Lakarani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals Lipid profile as a predictor of Neuropathy: The Sheffield Prospective Diabetes Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Satyan Rajbhandari ◽  
Fahad Syed Hamid ◽  
Nigel Harris ◽  
Solomon Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Perception Threshold ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background : Despite being a very common complication, the aetiology and potential risk factors of diabetic neuropathy (DN) have not been clearly determined in a prospective study. Aims: The aim of Sheffield Prospective Diabetes Study was to identify the abnormalities of physiological, biochemical, haemorrhelogical and cellular function for complications of diabetes in type 1 diabetes. Materials and Methods: 66 newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic subjects (mean age 31 ± 9 (SD) duration (3 years ± 2) were identified and followed for 9 years. They had detailed neurological assessment (symptoms and signs score, nerve conduction, vibration perception threshold, warm thermal discrimination threshold and autonomic function tests) and blood samples taken for detail biochemical and haemorrheological analysis at base line and at follow up. Results: At the 9 years follow up, 51 subjects were studied of whom 18 were found to have DN using Dyck’s criteria. As expected subjects with DN had significantly higher (p <0.01) mean HbA1 over 9 years of follow up (11.8% vs 9.8%), but it was not significantly different at base line (10.2% vs 8.9%; p= 0.37). In addition, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol at baseline were found to be risk factors for the development of neuropathy (5.9 vs 4.7 mmol; p=0.01 and 3.7 vs 2.8 mmol; p=0.03 respectively). Conclusions: This prospective study confirms the findings of recent large epidemiological studies linking cardiovascular risk factors to the development of DN, and perhaps suggest a vascular aetiology for DN. Improvement of potentially modifiable risk factors for neuropathy may be useful for the development of risk reduction strategies.

scholarly journals Prevalence of recurrent wheezing in infants and toddlers in Barbados: findings from a prospective study of a cohort of babies born during 2015–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar ◽  
Prerna Singh ◽  
Nico Belgrave
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Predictive Index ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing ◽  
Predictive Risk ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Year Of Life

Objectives: The main objective was to determine the prevalence of recurrent wheezing (RW) among infants and toddlers as well as the prevalence of asthma predictive risk factors among those with RW. Materials and methods: A prospective study of a cohort of babies recruited after their birth during July 2015–June 2017. Mothers were contacted using the WhatsApp messaging system for digital follow-up on their baby’s condition at 3-monthly intervals until they were 18 months old. Information on wheezing and its correlates were collected by digital follow-up and corroborated at an in-person interview and examination of their baby at 18 months of age. Recurrent wheezing was defined as more than three episodes of wheezing or its correlates during the follow-up period. Results: There were 338 males (41.5%) and 476 (58.5%) females. Overall, 31.1% (95% CI = 27.9%, 34.4%) had RW by 18 months and the same number had RW during their first year of life. Of the infants with RW, 121 (47.8%; 95% CI = 41.6, 54.2) had at least one or both of the major criteria and/or at least two minor criteria of the stringent Asthma Predictive Index (API). Of those with RW, 32.0% received antihistamine and 20% had received antibiotics on their last visit to a physician for wheezing or symptoms of cough, cold, and/or breathing difficulty. Conclusions: Nearly a third of infants and toddlers had RW and nearly half of the infants with RW had risk factors fulfilling the criteria of the stringent API.

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