scholarly journals Cancer Therapy Based on Nanomaterials and Nanocarrier Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weili Qiao ◽  
Bochu Wang ◽  
Yazhou Wang ◽  
Lichun Yang ◽  
Yiqiong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cancer Targeting ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Targeted delivery of drug molecules to tumor tissue is one of the most interesting and challenging endeavors faced in pharmaceutical field, due to the critical and pharmacokinetically specific environment that exists in tumor. Over these years, cancer targeting treatment has been greatly improved by new tools and approaches based on nanotechnology. The review firstly introduces the specific physical and chemical properties of a serial of nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, and nanofibers. It then places great emphasis on their application in the field of cancer therapy when they are used as nanocarrier systems. Based on the current status, the paper further discusses the unsolved problems and makes a perspective for the future prospects of the nanocarrier systems.

scholarly journals Current Status and Prospects of Lignocellulosic Butanol as a Road Transportation Fuel in Indonesia: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieni Mansur ◽  
Syahrul Aiman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Waste Gas ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
The Government ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

An increase in the demand for fuel, depleting petroleum resources, and enhancing for a better atmospheric are significant reasons to drive countries competing to find out petroleum fuel alternatives. Bio-alcohol, especially ethanol (C2H5OH) and butanol (C4H9OH), are considered by experts as potential substances for future fuel, especially for road transportation fuel. Compared with ethanol, the physical and chemical properties of butanol are close to gasoline. Hence the studies of butanol as a fuel alternative for transportation were conducted comprehensively in several countries. Butanol could derive from various resources such as petroleum-derived products, lignocellulosic biomass, food crops, microalgae, or waste gas from specific manufacturing industries. This study reviewed the advancement of lignocellulosic butanol production technology and challenges for increasing production scale. Besides that, it is also considered local R&D activities on biobutanol and its results and evolution of the government plan and regulation to utilize Alcohol as a transportation fuel.  

scholarly journals In Vivo Radionuclide Generators for Diagnostics and Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia E. Edem ◽  
Jesper Fonslet ◽  
Andreas Kjær ◽  
Matthias Herth ◽  
Gregory Severin
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Alpha Decay ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Diagnostics And Therapy ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In vivo radionuclide generators make complex combinations of physical and chemical properties available for medical diagnostics and therapy. Perhaps the best-known in vivo generator is 212Pb/212Bi, which takes advantage of the extended half-life of 212Pb to execute a targeted delivery of the therapeutic short-lived α-emitter 212Bi. Often, as in the case of 81Rb/81Kr, chemical changes resulting from the transmutation of the parent are relied upon for diagnostic value. In other instances such as with extended alpha decay chains, chemical changes may lead to unwanted consequences. This article reviews some common and not-so-common in vivo generators with the purpose of understanding their value in medicine and medical research. This is currently relevant in light of a recent push for alpha emitters in targeted therapies, which often come with extended decay chains.

scholarly journals Fluorinated carbohydrates as chemical probes for molecular recognition studies. Current status and perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 3863-3888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Linclau ◽  
Ana Ardá ◽  
Niels-Christian Reichardt ◽  
Matthieu Sollogoub ◽  
Luca Unione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Recognition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Probes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Fluorinated carbohydrates have become indispensable in glycosciences. This contribution provides an overview of how fluorine introduction modifies physical and chemical properties of carbohydrates along with selected examples of its applications.

scholarly journals Review on Silver Nanoparticles as a Novel Class of Antibacterial Solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1120
Author(s):  
Corina Michaela Crisan ◽  
Teodora Mocan ◽  
Meda Manolea ◽  
Lavinia Iulia Lasca ◽  
Flaviu-Alexandru Tăbăran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficiency ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Nanomaterials represent a promising novel class of materials to be used as antibacterial solutions. Inhomogeneity of synthesis and characterization methods, as well as resulting variate physical and chemical properties make selection of proper nanostructure difficult when designing antimicrobial experiments. Present study focuses on the already existing evidence regarding silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial applications, with focus on various modulatory factors of reported antimicrobial efficiency. Present paper focuses on synthesis and characterization methods, factors modulating antibacterial efficiency, laboratory quantification procedures, as well as up–to-date knowledge on mechanisms of antibacterial action for silver nanoparticles. Moreover, challenges and future prospects for antimicrobial applications of silver nanoparticles are reviewed and discussed.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles for Therapeutic Cancer Treatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Karlsson ◽  
Hannah J. Vaughan ◽  
Jordan J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
External Source ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Anticancer Immunotherapy ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Support Tumor Growth ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Polymeric nanoparticles have tremendous potential to improve the efficacy of therapeutic cancer treatments by facilitating targeted delivery to a desired site. The physical and chemical properties of polymers can be tuned to accomplish delivery across the multiple biological barriers required to reach diverse subsets of cells. The use of biodegradable polymers as nanocarriers is especially attractive, as these materials can be designed to break down in physiological conditions and engineered to exhibit triggered functionality when at a particular location or activated by an external source. We present how biodegradable polymers can be engineered as drug delivery systems to target the tumor microenvironment in multiple ways. These nanomedicines can target cancer cells directly, the blood vessels that supply the nutrients and oxygen that support tumor growth, and immune cells to promote anticancer immunotherapy.

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

Tailoring microstructures of materials through biomimetics

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sarikaya ◽  
Ilhan A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Structure Sensitive ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Successive Level ◽  
Engineering Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthesis Of Materials

Biomimetics involves investigation of structure, function, and methods of synthesis of biological composite materials. The goal is to apply this information to the design and synthesis of materials for engineering applications.Properties of engineering materials are structure sensitive through the whole spectrum of dimensions from nanometer to macro scale. The goal in designing and processing of technological materials, therefore, is to control microstructural evolution at each of these dimensions so as to achieve predictable physical and chemical properties. Control at each successive level of dimension, however, is a major challenge as is the retention of integrity between successive levels. Engineering materials are rarely fabricated to achieve more than a few of the desired properties and the synthesis techniques usually involve high temperature or low pressure conditions that are energy inefficient and environmentally damaging.In contrast to human-made materials, organisms synthesize composites whose intricate structures are more controlled at each scale and hierarchical order.

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