scholarly journals An Experimental Model for Resistance Exercise in Rodents

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Nicastro ◽  
Nelo Eidy Zanchi ◽  
Claudia Ribeiro da Luz ◽  
Daniela Fojo Seixas Chaves ◽  
Antonio Herbert Lancha
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Specific Control

This study aimed to develop an equipment and system of resistance exercise (RE), based on squat-type exercise for rodents, with control of training variables. We developed an operant conditioning system composed of sound, light and feeding devices that allowed optimized RE performance by the animal. With this system, it is not necessary to impose fasting or electric shock for the animal to perform the task proposed (muscle contraction). Furthermore, it is possible to perform muscle function testsin vivowithin the context of the exercise proposed and control variables such as intensity, volume (sets and repetitions), and exercise session length, rest interval between sets and repetitions, and concentric strength. Based on the experiments conducted, we demonstrated that the model proposed is able to perform more specific control of other RE variables, especially rest interval between sets and repetitions, and encourages the animal to exercise through short-term energy restriction and “disturbing” stimulus that do not promote alterations in body weight. Therefore, despite experimental limitations, we believe that this RE apparatus is closer to the physiological context observed in humans.

Selected Contribution: Acute cellular and molecular responses to resistance exercise

2002 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 394-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadia Haddad ◽  
Gregory R. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Compensatory Hypertrophy ◽  
Molecular Responses ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
And Control ◽  
Myogenic Markers ◽  
Rest Intervals

Training protocols apply sequential bouts of resistance exercise (RE) to induce the cellular and molecular responses necessary to produce compensatory hypertrophy. This study was designed to 1) define the time course of selected cellular and molecular responses to a single bout of RE and 2) examine the effects of interbout rest intervals on the summation of these responses. Rat muscles were exposed to RE via stimulation of the sciatic nerve in vivo. Stimulated and control muscles were obtained at various time points post-RE and analyzed via Western blot and RT-PCR. A single bout of RE increased intracellular signaling (i.e., phosphorylations) and expression of mRNAs for insulin-like growth factor-I system components and myogenic markers (e.g., cyclin D1, myogenin). A rest interval of 48 h between RE bouts resulted in much greater summation of myogenic responses than 24- or 8-h rest intervals. This experimental approach should be useful for studying the regulatory mechanisms that control the hypertrophy response. These methods could also be used to compare and contrast different exercise parameters (e.g., concentric vs. eccentric, etc.).

Abstract #1004271: The Effect of Short-term Energy Restriction on Appetite

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. S82-S83
Author(s):  
Chinelo C. Okigbo ◽  
Joselyne Tessa Tonleu ◽  
Skand Shekhar ◽  
Helen F. Leka ◽  
Anne E. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Energy

Short-term energy restriction during late gestation of beef cows decreases postweaning calf humoral immune response to vaccination1

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 2542-2552 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Moriel ◽  
M. B. Piccolo ◽  
L. F. A. Artioli ◽  
R. S. Marques ◽  
M. H. Poore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Term Energy

Short-term energy restriction reduces resting energy expenditure in patients with HIV lipodystrophy and hypermetabolism

Metabolism ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Kosmiski ◽  
Daniel H. Bessesen ◽  
Sarah A. Stotz ◽  
John R. Koeppe ◽  
Tracy J. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Hiv Lipodystrophy ◽  
Resting Energy

Modulation of autophagy signaling with resistance exercise and protein ingestion following short-term energy deficit

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (5) ◽  
pp. R603-R612 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Smiles ◽  
José L. Areta ◽  
Vernon G. Coffey ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips ◽  
Daniel R. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Protein Ingestion ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Muscle Biopsies ◽  
Time Point

Autophagy contributes to remodeling of skeletal muscle and is sensitive to contractile activity and prevailing energy availability. We investigated changes in targeted genes and proteins with roles in autophagy following 5 days of energy balance (EB), energy deficit (ED), and resistance exercise (REX) after ED. Muscle biopsies from 15 subjects (8 males, 7 females) were taken at rest following 5 days of EB [45 kcal·kg fat free mass (FFM)−1·day−1] and 5 days of ED (30 kcal·kg FFM−1·day−1). After ED, subjects completed a bout of REX and consumed either placebo (PLA) or 30 g whey protein (PRO) immediately postexercise. Muscle biopsies were obtained at 1 and 4 h into recovery in each trial. Resting protein levels of autophagy-related gene protein 5 (Atg5) decreased after ED compared with EB (∼23%, P < 0.001) and remained below EB from 1 to 4 h postexercise in PLA (∼17%) and at 1 h in PRO (∼18%, P < 0.05). In addition, conjugated Atg5 (cAtg12) decreased below EB in PLA at 4 h (∼20, P < 0.05); however, its values were increased above this time point in PRO at 4 h alongside increases in FOXO1 above EB (∼22–26%, P < 0.05). Notably, these changes were subsequent to increases in unc-51-like kinase 1Ser757 phosphorylation (∼60%) 1 h postexercise in PRO. No significant changes in gene expression of selected autophagy markers were found, but EGR-1 increased above ED and EB in PLA (∼417–864%) and PRO (∼1,417–2,731%) trials 1 h postexercise ( P < 0.001). Postexercise protein availability, compared with placebo, can selectively promote autophagic responses to REX in ED.

scholarly journals Effect of Rest Interval Length Between Sets on Total Load Lifted and Blood Lactate Response During Total-Body Resistance Exercise Session

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Ricardo Lopes ◽  
Alex Harley Crisp ◽  
Brad Schoenfeld ◽  
Mayara Ramos ◽  
Moises Diego Germano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Interval Length ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Resistance Exercise Session

scholarly journals Divergent Changes in Plasma AGEs and sRAGE Isoforms Following an Overnight Fast in T1DM

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Miranda ◽  
Kelly Fuller ◽  
Ryan Perkins ◽  
Paul Beisswenger ◽  
Sarah Farabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Metabolic Substrates ◽  
Soluble Rage ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Endogenous Secretory Rage

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promote the development of diabetic complications through activation of their receptor (RAGE). Isoforms of soluble RAGE (sRAGE) sequester AGEs and protect against RAGE-mediated diabetic complications. We investigated the effect of an overnight fast on circulating metabolic substrates, hormones, AGEs, and sRAGE isoforms in 26 individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Blood was collected from 26 young (18–30 years) T1DM patients on insulin pumps before and after an overnight fast. Circulating AGEs were measured via LC-MS/MS and sRAGE isoforms were analyzed via ELISA. Glucose, insulin, glucagon, and eGFRcystatin-c decreased while cortisol increased following the overnight fast (p < 0.05). AGEs (CML, CEL, 3DG-H, MG-H1, and G-H1) decreased (21–58%, p < 0.0001) while total sRAGE, cleaved RAGE (cRAGE), and endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) increased (22–24%, p < 0.0001) following the overnight fast. The changes in sRAGE isoforms were inversely related to MG-H1 (rho = −0.493 to −0.589, p < 0.05) and the change in esRAGE was inversely related to the change in G-H1 (rho = −0.474, p < 0.05). Multiple regression analyses revealed a 1 pg/mL increase in total sRAGE, cRAGE, or esRAGE independently predicted a 0.42–0.52 nmol/L decrease in MG-H1. Short-term energy restriction via an overnight fast resulted in increased sRAGE isoforms and may be protective against AGE accumulation.

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