scholarly journals Oscillometric and Spirometric Bronchodilator Response in Preschool Children with and without Asthma

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn Ho Shin ◽  
Sun Jung Jang ◽  
Jung Won Yoon ◽  
Hye Mi Jee ◽  
Sun Hee Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Bronchodilator Response ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Quality Control Criteria ◽  
Control Criteria

BACKGROUND: Bronchodilator responses (BDR) are routinely used in the diagnosis and management of asthma; however, their acceptability and repeatability have not been evaluated using quality control criteria for preschool children.OBJECTIVES: To compare conventional spirometry with an impulse oscillometry system (IOS) in healthy and asthmatic preschool children.METHODS: Data from 30 asthmatic children and 29 controls (two to six years of age) who underwent IOS and spirometry before and after salbutamol administration were analyzed.RESULTS: Stable asthmatic subjects significantly differed versus controls in their spirometry-assessed BDR (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], forced vital capacity and forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% of forced vital capacity) as well as their IOS-assessed BDR (respiratory resistance at 5 Hz [Rrs5], respiratory reactance at 5 Hz and area under the reactance curve). However, comparisons based on the area under the ROC curve for ΔFEV1% initial versus ΔRrs5% initial were 0.82 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.93) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.87), respectively. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity for ΔFEV1≥9% were 0.53 and 0.93, respectively. Importantly, sensitivity increased to 0.63 when either ΔFEV1≥9% or ΔRrs5≥29% was considered as an additional criterion for the diagnosis of asthma.CONCLUSION: The accuracy of asthma diagnosis in preschool children may be increased by combining spirometry with IOS when measuring BDR.

scholarly journals “Poor Effort” Does Not Account for Reduced Forced Vital Capacity in Asthmatic Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Feng ◽  
Que Yang ◽  
Yunxiao Shang
Keyword(s):  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Bronchodilator Response ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Restricted Group ◽  
Obstruction Group ◽  
Before And After

Purpose: Poor forced vital capacity (FVC) effort has been considered to be the main reason for FVC reduction by the ATS/ERS guideline; however, this has rarely been mentioned in previous studies. The present study aims to determine whether reduced FVC in asthmatic children is correlated to poor FVC effort.Methods: A total of 209 asthmatic children within 5–13 years old were included and divided into reduced FVC (“restricted,” n = 66) and typical obstruction group (“obstructed,” n = 143). Forced expiratory flows before and after bronchodilation were recorded in asthmatic children. The differences in clinical characteristics, spirometric results, FVC effort, and bronchodilator response were compared between two groups. Exhalation time (ET) was divided into effective ET (ETe) and plateau ET (ETp) by the start point of exhalation plateau on the time-volume curve. FVC effort was assessed by ET, ETp, and back extrapolated volume (EV)/FVC (%).Results: Asthmatic children in the restricted group had significantly higher slow vital capacity (SVC)/FVC (%), higher EV/FVC (%), shorter ET, shorter ETe, and longer ETp, when compared with those with obstructed. In the obstructed group, ET (r = 0.201, P = 0.016) and ETe (r = 0.496, P < 0.001) positively correlated with FVC, and ETp (r = −0.224, P = 0.007) negatively correlated with FVC. In the restricted group, FVC positively correlated with ETe (r = 0.350, P = 0.004) but not ET and ETp. FVC z-score significantly correlated with total IgE (n = 51, r = −0.349, P = 0.012) and with FEF25−75% z-score (n = 66, r = 0.531, P < 0.001) in the restricted group. The further logistic regression revealed that the risk of restricted increased by 1.12 (95% CI, 1.04–1.22, P = 0.005) with every 1% increase in %ΔFVC. In subjects with restricted and bronchodilation tests, %ΔFVC was significantly associated with FeNO (n = 29, r = 0.386, P = 0.039), FEF25−75% z-score (n = 29, r = −0.472, P = 0.010), and SVC/FVC (%) (n = 19, r = 0.477, P = 0.039) but not with EV/FVC (%), ET, ETe, or ETp (P > 0.05).Conclusion: These findings suggested that “poor FVC effort” does not account for the FVC reduction in asthmatic children. Short ET and high SVC/FVC (%) are characteristics of reduced FVC.

scholarly journals Pulmonary function before and after surgical correction of scoliosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Mansour Ahmed ◽  
Hesham Atef Abdelhalim ◽  
Reham Mohammed Mohammed Elamir
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Posterior Spinal Fusion ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Spinal Fusion Surgery ◽  
Scoliosis Correction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Cobb’S Angle

Abstract Background As one of the restrictive lung diseases, scoliosis can be treated by surgical intervention to enhance the pulmonary function of that group of patients. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of scoliosis correction on pulmonary function after a 6-month duration. Around 30 patients with scoliosis were aged between 10 and 40 years old subjecting to posterior spinal fusion surgery who had been enrolled in the study; all of them were subjected to Cobb’s angle measuring and pulmonary function test before and 6 months after the operation. Results Cobb’s angle before the operation was 57.3 ± 13.6°, which significantly corrected and reached up to 21.2 ± 7.2° postoperatively with a mean difference of about 36.13°, P < 0.001. The correlation of Cobb’s angle, forced vital capacity (FVC%), and vital capacity (VC%) was significantly negative. Pulmonary function showed restrictive pattern; forced vital capacity “FVC”, forced expiratory volume 1 “FEV1”, vital capacity “VC”, and forced expiratory flow “FEF 25–75%” were 62.4± 18.06, 65.6±20, 60.7±17.8, and 79.6±28.5, respectively; after 6 months, the reading changed to 60.9± 17.9, 64.04±19.3, 59.16±17.5, and 80.26±28.02 respectively with an insignificant difference, P>0.05. Conclusion The pulmonary function showed insignificant changes after 6 months of operation, despite significant changes in Cobb’s angle while the preoperative FVC and VC were inversely correlated with it.

scholarly journals Evaluation of spirometry in asthmatic children

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 729
Author(s):  
Kriti Hegde ◽  
Amit S. Saxena ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Background:The use of spirometry in the assessment of children with asthma is taking on new importance with the realization that considerable airway obstruction may exist in the absence of clinically detectable abnormalities. Hence this study was planned to evaluate, forced expired volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), the forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity (FEF25-75) and Peak Expiratory Flow rates (PEFR) in asthmatic children aged 6-12 years. The objective of the study was to determine prevalence of asthma according to clinical classification and identify common trigger factors and to determine which is more sensitive between FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, FEF 25-75 and PEFR in different age groups.Methods: The present study was conducted among 60 patients of age group 6 to 12 years with asthma. Forced vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), Ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), PEFR and Forced expiratory flow between 25-75% were recorded. Data was analyzed using chi-square test, Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Level of significance was set at 5%. All p values less than 0.05 were treated as significant.Results:In Age and Sex wise correlation with classification of asthma, a male preponderance was seen in all the age groups i.e. between 6-8 years, 9-10 years and 11-12 years. Mosquito coils were the most common indoor agents to trigger an asthmatic accounting for nearly 80%. Amongst the outdoor triggers, exacerbation of symptoms during the cold weather accounted for 90 % followed by variation during festivals like Diwali, dust, pollution, exercise and insects. Comparison of Pre and Post bronchodilator FEF 25-75 values have shown a high statistical significance.Conclusions:Parents need to be educated regarding certain modifiable factors that can improve the prognosis. Pulmonary Function tests should be performed as a routine office procedure. Peak expiratory flow meter is a handy instrument. In all children above 6 years of age suspected to have asthma, this test should be performed before beginning therapy.

Impact of Lung Biopsy on Lung Function in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Respiration ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Pierre-Henri Aussedat ◽  
Nader Chebib ◽  
Kais Ahmad ◽  
Jean-Charles Glerant ◽  
Gabrielle Drevet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Lung Biopsy ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Surgical Lung Biopsy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Video-assisted surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is performed in 10–30% of cases to establish the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of SLB on lung function in patients eventually diagnosed with IPF. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is an observational, retrospective, monocentric study of all consecutive patients eventually diagnosed with IPF in multidisciplinary discussion who underwent SLB over 10 years in a specialized center. The primary end point was the variation in forced vital capacity (FVC) before and after the SLB. The secondary end points were the variations in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), total lung capacity (TLC), carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO), and morbidity and mortality associated with the SLB. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 118 patients who underwent SLB and were diagnosed with IPF, a relative decrease in FVC of 4.8% (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) was found between measurements performed before and after the procedure. The mean FVC decrease was 156 ± 386 mL in an average period of 185 days, representing an annualized decline of 363 ± 764 mL/year. A significant decrease was also observed after SLB in FEV1, TLC, and DLCO. Complications within 30 days of SLB occurred in 14.4% of patients. Two patients (1.7%) died within 30 days, where one of them had poor lung function. Survival at 1 year was significantly poorer in patients with FVC &#x3c;50% at baseline. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In this uncontrolled study in patients ultimately diagnosed with IPF, SLB was followed by a significant decline in FVC, which appears to be numerically greater than the average decline in the absence of treatment in the literature. <b><i>Summary at a Glance:</i></b> This study evaluated the change in lung function in 118 consecutive patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by surgical lung biopsy. Forced vital capacity decreased by 156 ± 386 mL in a mean of 185 days between the last measurement before and first measurement after biopsy, representing an annualized decline of 363 ± 764 mL/year.

Pulmonary Function in Pubertal Synchronized Swimmers: 1-year Follow-up Results and Its Relation to Competitive Achievement

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Gabrilo ◽  
Mia Peric ◽  
Marija Stipic
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Synchronized Swimming ◽  
Before And After

Pulmonary function (PF) is particularly important in synchronized swimming, considering the characteristics of this sport. However, the sanitizing agents (chlorine) used in pools can have a possible negative influence on the PF parameters. In this study, we observed 24 swimmers (all women, 14 to 16 years of age) and measured their PF and competitive achievement. PF was measured before and after a 1-year period and included standard spirometric variables. Competitive achievement was evidenced during the National Championship. The t-test showed significant increases in body height and weight of the participants and a resulting increase in most of the absolute respiratory flows and pulmonary capacities. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume (both in proportion to norm for body height, gender, and age) increased significantly within the study period. FVC significantly predicted the competitive achievement of young swimmers, most probably because artists have to achieve exceptional breath control when upside down underwater. In conclusion, we found no evidence for the eventual negative influence of chlorine and its compounds on the PF of swimmers, and results showed that regular synchronized swim training could improve the PF of young artists.

Passive Smoking by Asthmatics: Its Greater Effect on Boys Than on Girls and on Older Than on Younger Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Murray ◽  
Brenda J. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Lung Function Test ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow

In 415 nonsmoking asthmatic children who were seen consecutively, asthma symptoms were more severe if the mother was a smoker than if she was a nonsmoker. This applied to both sexes but was more marked in boys than in girls. There were also other indications that sons were the more severely affected: the forced expiratory volume at 1 second, the forced expiratory flow rate during the middle half of the forced vital capacity, and the provocation concentration of histamine needed to result in a 20% decrease in the forced expiratory volume at 1 second were significantly decreased only in the sons, and lung function test results were significantly less in sons than in daughters of mothers who smoked. When the 415 children were stratified according to age, lung function improved significantly with increasing age in the children of nonsmokers; in children of smokers, by contrast, symptoms and lung function test results became progressively worse. As well, there was a correlation between these indications of asthma severity and the number of years the child had been exposed to the mother's smoke. It appeared that, compared with girls, boys were more sensitive to passive smoking, and that its adverse effect increased with age and with duration of exposure.

An assessment of forced expiratory volumes and flow rates in the detection of early ventilatory impairment in RN submariners

1985 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-170
Author(s):  
R. Herrmann ◽  
G. M. Clifford ◽  
D. J. Smith ◽  
Caroline S. M. Searing
Keyword(s):  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Highly Correlated

AbstractA prospective study of an early diagnostic test of small airway dysfunction, the forced expiratory flow between 75 and 85% of the forced vital capacity, was carried out in 230 RN submariners. All the subjects were male caucasians, of whom 105 were smokers and 125 non-smokers. Measurements were performed using a single breath wedge spirometer (Vitalograph®) and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), ratio of the FEV1 to the FVC (FEV1/FVC%) and the forced expiratory flow between 75 and 85% of the forced vital capacity (FEF75–85) obtained from the tracings in accordance with the recommendations of the American Thoracic Society. Multiple linear regression analysis of these four measurements together with height, age and smoking habit showed age to be the most significant factor for FEF75–85, followed by height Height was the most significant factor for FVC and FEV1 followed by age. Age was the only significant factor for FEV1/FVC%. FEF75-85 was highly correlated with FEV1/FVC% (r = 0.72) and to a lesser extent with FEV1 and FVC (r = 0.70 and 0.37 respectively). In the presence of age and height no significant effect of smoking habit on FEF75–85 could be demonstrated. However when the FEV1/FYC%, age and smoking habit were examined, there was found to be a significantly greater decrease in FEV1/FYC% with age in the smokers. It would appear that in this study FEV1/FVC% is a more sensitive index of early obstructive changes induced by smoking than measurement of flow at low lung volumes.

Acute and Chronic Theophylline Therapy in Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-849
Author(s):  
C. Warren Bierman ◽  
Gail G. Shapiro ◽  
William E. Pierson ◽  
Carol S. Dorsett
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Test ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Repeated Testing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Control Asthma ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study examined the effectiveness of theophylline therapy in modifying exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) in children with perennial asthma and evaluated whether tolerance to theophylline developed with prolonged use. Twenty-one children between 7 and 16 years of age were studied by a standardized treadmill exercise test carried out before administration of theophylline, 90 minutes after administration of theophylline, and again after three weeks of round-the-clock theophylline treatment. Changes in forced expiratory volume at one second, forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity, and peak expiratory flow rate were measured before and after each exercise test. Theophylline inhibited EIB in 20 of 21 subjects. There was considerable intersubject variation in the response to theophylline, however, ranging from complete inhibition in five subjects to no inhibition at all in one subject, even though theophylline controlled perennial asthma in all subjects, and all but one had theophylline levels between 10 and 22 µg/ml when tested. On repeated testing after three weeks of therapy, no tolerance developed to theophylline. These findings suggest that EIB and perennial asthma may result from different causes and that theophylline's ability to control asthma will not predict its effect on EIB. Subjects who have severe EIB should be retested after theophylline pretreatment to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy.

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