scholarly journals Deep Phylogenetic Divergence and Lack of Taxonomic Concordance in Species of Astronotus (Cichlidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olavo Pinhatti Colatreli ◽  
Natasha Verdasca Meliciano ◽  
Daniel Toffoli ◽  
Izeni Pires Farias ◽  
Tomas Hrbek
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Diagnostic Character ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Meristic Counts ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Phylogenetic Divergence

The neotropical cichlid genus Astronotus currently comprises two valid species: A. ocellatus Agassiz, 1831 and A. crassipinnis Heckel, 1840. The diagnosis is based on color pattern and meristics counts. However, body color pattern is highly variable between regions and the meristic counts show a considerable overlap between populations differing in color patterning. They do not represent true synapomorphies that diagnose species. Purportedly the only truly diagnostic character is the presence or absence of one or more ocelli at the base of the dorsal fin, diagnosing A. ocellatus and A. crassipinnis, respectively. Using the 5′ portion of the mitochondrial COI gene and EPIC nuclear markers, the validity of the dorsal ocelli as diagnostic character was tested in individuals sampled from ten localities in the Amazon basin. Analyses rejected the hypothesis that dorsal ocelli are diagnostic at the species level. However, they revealed the existence of five hypothetical, largely allopatrically distributed morphologically cryptic species. The phylogeographic structure is not necessarily surprising, since species of the genus Astronotus have sedentary and territorial habits with low dispersal potential. The distribution of these hypothetical species is coincident with patterns observed in other Amazonian aquatic fauna, suggesting the role of common historical processes in generating current biodiversity patterns.

scholarly journals Laubuka tenella, a new species of cyprinid fish from southeastern Bangladesh and southwestern Myanmar (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Danioninae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 105-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Kullander ◽  
Md. Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Michael Norén ◽  
Abdur Rob Mollah
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Vertical Bars ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Laubuka tenellais a new species characterized by the colour pattern, consisting of short dark vertical bars anteriorly on the side, and a dark lateral band posteriorly on the side, combined with a relatively short pelvic fin and 29–30 lateral-line scales. It is separated from otherLaubukaanalysed by minimum 9 % uncorrectedp-distance in the mitochondrial COI gene. The type series is composed of specimens from small streams in the Cox’s Bazar District in Bangladesh (the type locality), and the Thandwe River drainage in western Myanmar.Laubuka brahmaputraensisis strongly indicated to be a junior synonym ofL. laubuca, the second known species ofLaubukain Bangladesh.Eustira ceylonensis, currently in the synonymy ofDevario malabaricus, is a valid species ofLaubuka.

Peckoltia compta, a new species of catfish from the Brazilian Amazon, rio Tapajos basin (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2534 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENILDO RIBEIRO DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
JANSEN ZUANON ◽  
LUCIA RAPP PY-DANIEL ◽  
MARCELO SALLES ROCHA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Dark Stripe ◽  
A New Species

The loricariid genus Peckoltia currently encompasses 13 valid species ranging throughout the Amazon basin in Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, and Guyanas. Peckoltia is included in the tribe Ancistrini, but its relationships with other taxa within the tribe are not well established. In this paper we describe a new species of Peckoltia from the rio Tapajos drainage, Para State, Brazil. Peckoltia compta, new species, is characterized by a bold color pattern consisting of large dark transversal bars on body and thick longitudinal dark stripes on snout and head. The new species is most similar in color pattern to P. vittata but can be distinguished from all its congeners by the presence of a pale line inside each dark stripe running from the snout tip to anterior margin of eyes (vs. absence of such clear lines and a mottled appearance in P. vittata, and a mix of vermiculations and spots on the head of the remaining congeners). A brief discussion on the taxonomic status of the nominal species Peckoltia vittata is also presented.

scholarly journals Conus hughmorrisoni, a new species of cone snail from New Ireland, Papua New Guinea (Gastropoda: Conidae)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Lorenz ◽  
Nicolas Puillandre
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Cone Snail ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
A New Species

Based on newly collected material from the Kavieng Lagoon Biodiversity Survey, we describe a new species of cone snail, Conus hughmorrisoni sp. nov., from the vicinity of Kavieng, New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. It closely resembles the New Caledonian C. exiguus and the Philippine C. hanshassi, but differs from these species by having more numerous shoulder tubercles, by the shell’s sculpturing and details of the color pattern. We also sequenced a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene of five specimens collected alive. All possessed very similar sequences (genetic distances < 0.3%), different from all the COI sequences of cone snails available in GenBank (genetic distances > 10%).

Haplotype diversity in the Antarctic springtail Gressittacantha terranova at fine spatial scales - a Holocene twist to a Pliocene tale

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 766-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.C. Hawes ◽  
G. Torricelli ◽  
M.I. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Terra Nova Bay ◽  
The Antarctic

AbstractThe mitochondrial COI gene of the Antarctic springtail, Gressittacantha terranova, was sequenced across a polar coastal landscape at Terra Nova Bay, northern Victoria Land. Samples from two altitudinal transects in the foothills directly south of Campbell Glacier were compared with samples from Springtail Valley (northern foothills) as an external reference population. We found that mtDNA haplotypes clustered into two lineages (clades) with a mean sequence divergence of 10% (uncorrected distance). However, there was no phylogeographic structure found at this spatial (landscape) scale with haplotypes from both divergent clades found sympatric across most populations. At the landscape scale, the considerable genetic divergence revealed within G. terranova is around five times greater than any other continental Antarctic springtail examined to date. These data indicate a Pliocene divergence event in G. terranova around 4–5 million years ago. The unusual distributional profile of haplotypes - occurrence of multiple haplotypes at single sites and genetic contiguity between sites that are not physically contiguous - suggests a subsequent ‘reshuffling’ of haplotypes in the Holocene that has an ecological basis.

Phylogeography of "glacial relict" Gammaracanthus (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from boreal lakes and the Caspian and White seas

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2247-2257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Väinölä ◽  
Jouni K Vainio ◽  
Jukka U Palo
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Boreal Lakes ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Glacial Relict ◽  
Allozyme Loci

As with a number of "glacial relict" crustacean genera, species of Gammaracanthus are vicariously distributed in circumarctic coastal waters, in boreal freshwater lakes, and in the Caspian Sea. Various hypotheses have been invoked to explain the origins and diversity of the non-marine taxa. Data on 28 allozyme loci and 558 bp of the mitochondrial COI gene demonstrate a close affinity between G. caspius of the Caspian Sea and G. aestuariorum of the White Sea area (Nei's allozyme distance D = 0.09, COI sequence divergence d = 5%), and a threefold divergence of the two from the Fennoscandian freshwater G. lacustris (D = 0.33, d = 12%). The relative molecular affinities agree with morphological evidence but contradict the idea of a common ancestry of the non-marine taxa, rather they suggest two independent invasions of continental waters. The generally low molecular divergence refutes the recently suggested generic splitting of Gammaracanthus. Previous speculations of an affinity of Gammaracanthus to the Baikalian acanthogammarids or to the Eusiroidea are not substantiated. The interspecific phylogeographic structure of Gammaracanthus is not concordant with that of other "glacial relict" crustacean genera. Phylogeographically, Gammaracanthus seems to match with the genus Monoporeia alone, rather than with Pontoporeia sensu lato.

Characterizing population structure of coral-associated fauna from mesophotic and shallow habitats in the Caribbean

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex J. Veglia ◽  
Nicholas M. Hammerman ◽  
Carlos R. Rivera Rosaly ◽  
Matthew Q. Lucas ◽  
Alexandra Galindo Estronza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Harpacticoid Copepod ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Harpacticoid Copepods ◽  
Obligate Symbiont

Symbiotic relationships are a common phenomenon among marine invertebrates, forming both obligatory and facultative dependencies with their host. Here, we investigate and compare the population structure of two crustacean species associated with both shallow and mesophotic ecosystems: an obligate symbiont barnacle (Ceratoconcha domingensis), of the coral Agaricia lamarcki and a meiobenthic, free-living harpacticoid copepod (Laophontella armata). Molecular analyses of the Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene revealed no population structure between mesophotic and shallow barnacle populations within south-west Puerto Rico (ΦST = 0.0079, P = 0.33). The absence of population structure was expected due to the pelagic naupliar larvae of the barnacles and the connectivity patterns exhibited by the coral itself within the same region. Laophontella armata exhibited significant structure based on the mitochondrial COI gene between the mesophotic reef ecosystem of El Seco, Puerto Rico and mangrove sediments of Curaçao (ΦST = 0.2804, P = 0.0). The El Seco and Curaçao copepods shared three COI haplotypes despite the obligatory benthic development of harpacticoid copepods and the geographic distance between the two locations. Three other COI haplotypes from El Seco exhibited higher than expected (up to 7%) intra-species variability, potentially representing three new cryptic species of harpacticoid copepods or rare, deeply divergent lineages of L. armata. This result is evidence for the urgent need of a deeper investigation into the meiofauna diversity associated with mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs), arguably the most diverse metazoan component of MCEs.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of the Brittle Star Ophiura sarsii Lütken, 1855 (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from the Barents Sea and East Atlantic

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Evgeny Genelt-Yanovskiy ◽  
Yixuan Li ◽  
Ekaterina Stratanenko ◽  
Natalia Zhuravleva ◽  
Natalia Strelkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Brittle Star ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
The Barents Sea

Ophiura sarsii is a common brittle star species across the Arctic and Sub-Arctic regions of the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans. Ophiurasarsii is among the dominant echinoderms in the Barents Sea. We studied the genetic diversity of O.sarsii by sequencing the 548 bp fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene. Ophiurasarsii demonstrated high genetic diversity in the Barents Sea. Both major Atlantic mtDNA lineages were present in the Barents Sea and were evenly distributed between the northern waters around Svalbard archipelago and the southern part near Murmansk coast of Kola Peninsula. Both regions, and other parts of the O.sarsii range, were characterized by high haplotype diversity with a significant number of private haplotypes being mostly satellites to the two dominant haplotypes, each belonging to a different mtDNA clade. Demographic analyses indicated that the demographic and spatial expansion of O.sarsii in the Barents Sea most plausibly has started in the Bølling–Allerød interstadial during the deglaciation of the western margin of the Barents Sea.

A review of the genus Forficuloecus Conci (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from parrots (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae), with descriptions of four new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1859 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROGER D. PRICE ◽  
KEVIN P. JOHNSON ◽  
RICARDO L. PALMA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Chewing Louse ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽  
Genetic Distinctiveness

Ten species, including four new species, of the chewing louse genus Forficuloecus Conci, 1941, are recognized from Australasian parrots, and a key is given for their identification. The new species and their type hosts are: F. cameroni ex the Red-winged Parrot, Aprosmictus erythropterus (J.F. Gmelin, 1788); F. banksi ex the Mulga Parrot, Psephotus varius Clark, 1910; F. wilsoni ex the Northern Rosella, Platycercus venustus (Kuhl, 1820); and F. josephi ex the Bourke's Parrot, Neopsephotus bourkii (Gould, 1841). Partial sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene support the genetic distinctiveness of these new species.

Are Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara (Acari: Tetranychidae) one species? Morphological and molecular evidences for synonymy between these two spider mite species and a note on invasiveness of T. macfarlanei on okra and eggplant in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Mahran Zeity ◽  
Nagappa Srinivas ◽  
Chinnamade Channegowde Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Study of morphological characters of Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara revealed high similarity by comparing all the important characters in addition to the characters pointed out by Ehara to separate those two species. Molecular phylogeny of seven Indian populations of T. macfarlanei and one population of T. malaysiensis from Philippines along with few distantly related species of Tetranychus was attempted. High degree of similarity between these two species at mitochondrial COI gene (96%) as well as ITS2 (rDNA) (96–99%) region was evident. Based on both morphological features and molecular data, T. malaysiensis is proposed as a junior synonym of T. macfarlanei based on ICZN’s law of priority. Also more female characters are prompted in this study to distinctly discriminate T. macfarlanei from its most resembling species, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher. Tetranychus macfarlanei has emerged as a pest of several cultivated crop plants in India. 

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