scholarly journals Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Detection and Quantitative Analysis of Cell Surface Antigen

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryoush Shahbazi-Gahrouei ◽  
Mohammad Abdolahi ◽  
Sayyed Hamid Zarkesh-Esfahani ◽  
Sophie Laurent ◽  
Corine Sermeus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Cell Separation ◽  
Cell Surface Antigen ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Magnetic Cell Separation

Cell surface antigens as biomarkers offer tremendous potential for early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response in a variety of diseases such as cancers. In this research, a simple, rapid, accurate, inexpensive, and easily available in vitro assay based on magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic cell separation principle was applied to identify and quantitatively analyze the cell surface antigen expression in the case of prostate cancer cells. Comparing the capability of the assay with flow cytometry as a gold standard method showed similar results. The results showed that the antigen-specific magnetic cell separation with antibody-coated magnetic nanoparticles has high potential for quantitative cell surface antigen detection and analysis.

scholarly journals G(AKSL2): a new cell surface antigen of the mouse related to the dualtropic mink cell focus-inducing class of murine leukemia virus detected by naturally occurring antibody.

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Stockert ◽  
A B DeLeo ◽  
P V O'Donnell ◽  
Y Obata ◽  
L J Old
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Natural Antibody ◽  
Cell Surface Antigen ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Akr Mice

Normal mouse sera were tested for cytotoxic antibody to surface antigens of cultured monolayer cells infected with AKR-derived ecotropic MuLV, xentropic MuLV, or dualtropic MCF 247 MuLV. Antibody to ecotropic MuLV-infected cells was found in a proportion of C57BL/6, C3Hf/Bi, AKR-Fv-1b, and (C3Hf/Bi X AKR)F1 mice, but not AKR or (AKR X C3Hf/Bi)F1 mice. Antibody to xenotropic MuLV-infected cells was virtually restricted to C57BL/6 mice. Antibody to MCF 247-infected cells was found in all strains tested, including AKR mice. Absorption analysis of (C3Hf/Bi x akr)f1 and AKR-Fv-1b sera with selective reactivity for MCF 247-infected cells showed that these sera recognize distinctive antigens on MCF 247-infected cells that are not present on ecotropic or xenotropic MuLV-infected cells. The transplantable AKR spontaneous leukemia AKSL2 was found to be uniquely sensitive to the cytotoxic action of naturally occurring antibody to MCF 247-related antigens and absorption tests with AKSL2 as the target cell and sera from a single AKR-Fv-1b mouse have permitted the definition of a new MuLV-related cell surface antigen, which has been designated G(AKSL2). Thymocytes from young mice of high leukemia-incidence strains (AKR, C58, and PL) express G(AKSL2), whereas thymocytes from 12 other strains do not. In AKR mice, the antigen is expressed in higher amounts on cells from thymus and bone marrow than on spleen cells. All AKR spontaneous leukemias tested express G(AKSL2), as did three MuLV-induced leukemias arising in G(AKSL2)- strains. Five X-ray-induced leukemias of G(AKSL2)- strains were G(AKSL2)-, as were MuLV+ and MuLV- chemically induced sarcomas. In the limited survey conducted to date, natural antibody to G(AKSL2) has been restricted to strains expressing G(AKSL2) in their normal tissues: AKR, AKR congenic mice AKR-Fv-1b and AKR hybrid mice (C3Hf/Bi x akr)f1 and (C57BL/6 X AKR)F1. In vitro G(AKSL2) induction tests involving MuLV infection of cultured monolayer cells showed that 8 of 12 newly isolated dualtropic MuLV shared the property of G(AKSL2) induction with the prototype MCF MuLV, MCF 247. Of the 12 ecotropic MuLV tested, only the N-tropic MuLV isolated from a leukemia originally induced by Passage A Gross virus induced G(AKSL2). The xenotropic and amphotropic MuLV isolates tested lacked G(AKSL2) inducing activity. Recognition of the g(aksl2) system provides a way to trace the origin and natural history of a class of dualtropic MCF MuLV in the mouse and to determine whether natural antibody to G(AKSL2) plays a role in AKR leukemogenesis.

scholarly journals Extension of neurites on axons is impaired by antibodies against specific neural cell surface glycoproteins.

1987 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chang ◽  
F G Rathjen ◽  
J A Raper
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Growth Cones ◽  
Neural Cell ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Fab Fragments ◽  
Cell Surface Glycoproteins ◽  
Surface Glycoproteins

We have developed an in vitro assay which measures the ability of growth cones to extend on an axonal substrate. Neurite lengths were compared in the presence or absence of monovalent antibodies against specific neural cell surface glycoproteins. Fab fragments of antibodies against the neural cell adhesion molecule, NCAM, have an insignificant effect on the lengths of neurites elongating on either an axonal substrate or a laminin substrate. Fab fragments of polyclonal antibodies against two new neural cell surface antigens, defined by mAb G4 and mAb F11, decrease the lengths of neurites elongating on an axonal substrate, but have no effect on the lengths of neurites elongating on a laminin substrate. G4 antigen is related to mouse L1, while F11 antigen appears to be distinct from all known neural cell surface glycoproteins. Our results suggest that the G4 and F11 antigens help to promote the extension of growth cones on axons.

scholarly journals ALPPL2 is a highly specific and targetable tumor cell surface antigen

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Su ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Scott Bidlingmaier ◽  
Christopher R. Behrens ◽  
Nam-Kyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Tissue Specificity ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Cell Surface Antigen ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Therapy Development

AbstractIt has been challenging to identify tumor-specific cell surface antigens as the vast majority of tumor-associated antigens are also expressed by some normal tissues. In the course of our study on mesothelioma, we identified a highly specific tumor cell surface antigen that can be targeted for therapy development. Mesothelioma is caused by malignant transformation of the mesothelium, incurable and categorized into three histological subtypes, epithelioid, biphasic and sarcomatoid. To identity novel mesothelioma cell surface antigens with broad subtype coverage and high tissue specificity, we have previously selected phage antibody display libraries on live mesothelioma cells and tissues following counter-selection on normal cells, and identified a panel of human antibodies that bind all subtypes of mesothelioma but not normal mesothelium. One of the antibodies, M25, showed high specificity, and we hereby report the identification of the M25 antigen as ALPPL2. We performed immunohistochemistry on normal human tissues and found that ALPPL2 is expressed only on placental trophoblasts but not any other normal tissues. This exquisite tissue specificity and broad tumor type coverage suggests that ALPPL2 could be an excellent cell surface target for therapeutic development against mesothelioma. To evaluate therapeutic potential of ALPPL2 targeting, we developed an ALPPL2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate and demonstrated potent and specific tumor killing in vitro and in vivo against both epithelioid and sarcomatoid mesothelioma. Thus ALPPL2 belongs to a rare class of cell surface antigens that can be said as being truly tumor specific and is well suited for therapy development against ALPPL2 expressing tumors.

scholarly journals A cell surface antigen of the mouse related to xenotropic MuLv defined by naturally occurring antibody and monoclonal antibody. Relation to Gix G(rada1), G(aksl2) systems of MuLV-related antigens.

1981 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Obata ◽  
E Stockert ◽  
A B DeLeo ◽  
P V O'Donnell ◽  
H W Snyder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Cell Surface Antigen ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Naturally Occurring

A new cell surface antigen of the mouse related to xenotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV) is described. The antigen, designated G(erld), is defined by cytotoxic tests with the B6-x-ray-induced ERLD and naturally occurring antibody. G(erld) is distinct from all previously defined cell surface antigens. Monoclonal antibody with the same specificity has been developed. Inbred mouse strains are classified as G(erld)+ or G(erld)- according to the presence of absence of the antigen on lymphoid cells. G(erld)+ strains differ with regard to quantitative expression of G(erld) on normal thymocytes. The emergence of G(erld)+ tumors in G(erld)- strains indicates the presence of genes coding for the antigen even in strains not normally expressing the antigen. G(erld) has the characteristic of a differentiation antigen in normal mice. In G(erld)+ strains, high levels of the antigen are found on thymocytes with lower levels being detected on cells of spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow. No G(erld) was detected in brain or kidney or on erythrocytes. The segregation ratios for G(erld) expression on thymocytes in backcross and F2 mice of crosses between G(erld)+ (B6, 129, and B6-Gix+) and G(erld)- (BALB/c) strains suggest that G(erld) expression is controlled by a single locus in B6, by two unlinked loci in 129, and by three unlinked loci in B6-Gix+ mice. Induction of the antigen by MuLV infection of permissive cells in vitro indicates that G(erld) is closely related to xenotropic and dualtropic MuLV; all xenotropic and dualtropic MuLV tested induced the antigen, whereas the majority of ecotropic and the two amphotropic MuLV failed to do so. As dualtropic MuLV are thought to be recombinants between ecotropic and xenotropic MuLV sequences, G(erld) coding by dualtropic MuLV may signify the contribution of the xenotropic part in the recombinational event. Serological and biochemical characterization indicates that G(erld) is related to the gp 70 component of the MuLV envelope. The relation of G(erld) to the previously defined gp 70-related cell surface antigens (Gix, G(rada), and G(aksl2) is discussed, particularly with regard to their characteristics as differentiation antigens, the genetic origin of dualtropic MuLV, and the leukemogenicity of MuLV.

scholarly journals A monoclonal antibody (8H3) that binds to rat T lineage cells and augments in vitro proliferative responses.

1990 ◽  
Vol 172 (5) ◽  
pp. 1315-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Torimoto ◽  
M Kinebuchi ◽  
A Matsuura ◽  
K Kikuchi ◽  
T Uede
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Cell Surface Antigen ◽  
Double Negative ◽  
Mouse Immunoglobulin ◽  
A Cell

A murine monoclonal antibody, designated 8H3, recognizes a cell surface antigen expressed exclusively on rat T lineage cells. 8H3 antibody immunoprecipitated 180-, 120-, and 90-kD components from rat thymocytes as well as splenic T cells under nonreducing conditions. 8H3 antibody specifically inhibited the binding of thymocytes to fibronectin. Furthermore, binding of rat thymocytes to immobilized synthetic peptide Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Cys-BSA was inhibited by 8H3 antibody as was Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Cys, but not by Gly-Arg-Ala-Asp-Ser-Pro-Lys or Gly-Arg-Gly-Glu-Ser-Pro. Crosslinking of 8H3 antigen on double-negative thymocytes and adult thymocytes, as well as splenic T lymphocytes by 8H3 antibody and F(ab')2 fragments of goat antibodies to mouse immunoglobulin, led to an increase in the concentration of cytoplasmic free Ca2+ due to the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores as well as the influx of Ca2+ from extracellular sources. Expression of interleukin 2 receptor and subsequently cell proliferation was observed upon incubation of thymocytes and splenic T cells with 8H3 antibody. Furthermore, 8H3 antibody induced the proliferation of double-negative thymocytes. These data collectively indicated that a cell surface antigen, 8H3, is involved in not only cell adhesion but also involved in the expression of immature as well as mature thymocytes.

The use of antiserum with specific reactivity toward fat-cell surface antigen(s) to follow the progression of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation in vitro

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedwig A. K. Plaas ◽  
J. Stuart Woodhead ◽  
Anthony Cryer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Cell Surface Antigen ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Preadipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Induced Differentiation ◽  
Immunoassay Technique ◽  
Specific Reactivity ◽  
Cellular Capacity

Using an i n d i r e c t, labelled-second-antibody cellular immunoassay technique, an adipocyte-specific antiserum haS been investigated. Components of the antiserum were shown to bind to differentiated 3T3-L1 cells; the cellular capacity for binding increased progressively during the induced differentiation of these ceils in vitro.

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