scholarly journals Life-Threatening Manifestation of Diarrhea

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Haritha Chelimilla ◽  
David Widjaja ◽  
Simeon Carvajal ◽  
Kavitha Kumbum
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Severe Diarrhea ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Complete History

Acute diarrhea is usually mild and self-limited in normally healthy individuals. Further diagnostic evaluation is indicated in patients with severe diarrhea. We present a case of a 46-year-old woman who presented with dehydration and acute renal failure due to acute severe diarrhea. Initial stool study was suggestive ofAeromonas. Further stool test revealed offending bacteria, which led to appropriate antibiotic use. This paper emphasizes the importance of complete history and correlation between clinical data and laboratory tests.

scholarly journals Does Whipworm Increase the Pathogenicity ofCampylobacter jejuni?A Clinical Correlate of an Experimental Observation

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Shin ◽  
Geoffrey W Gardiner ◽  
Wayne Deitel ◽  
Gabor Kandel
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Experimental Observation ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Toxic Megacolon ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Ofcampylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Clinical Correlate

Campylobacter jejuniis a leading cause of acute diarrhea worldwide, usually mild and self-limiting. No adequate hypothesis has yet been formulated to explain why in an otherwise healthy host this infection is occasionally severe. In a pig model,C jejunihas been shown to be pathogenic only in the presence of swine whipworm. A human case of life-threateningC jejunicolitis leading to toxic megacolon and acute renal failure, associated with concomitant whipworm (Trichuris suis) ova in the feces, is reported. The potential of T suis to potentiateC jejuniin humans deserves further study.

scholarly journals Seven-Digit Creatine Kinase in Acute Rhabdomyolysis in a Child

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 2329048X1668439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuha Basheer ◽  
Sirin Mneimneh ◽  
Mariam Rajab
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Creatine Kinase Level ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Renal Dialysis ◽  
Acute Rhabdomyolysis ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Plasma Creatine Kinase

Rhabdomyolysis is an acute life-threatening condition that can occur in childhood secondary to many causes. The authors report the case of a 3-year-old male child who presented with acute rhabdomyolysis. The peak plasma creatine kinase level was extremely high. The 2 main causes of rhabdomyolysis in childhood are viral myositis and trauma, which can sometimes lead to acute renal failure. The highest creatine kinase levels reported in the literature so far was a 6-digit level in 2014 case report. In this study, the authors report the case of a 7-digit creatine kinase level in a child secondary to viral myositis who did not require renal dialysis.

Alcohol Related Non-traumatic Rhabdomyolysis and Compartment Syndrome

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
JPL Ong ◽  
◽  
LA Thomas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Clinical Entity ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Renal Support

Rhabdomyolysis is a serious and life-threatening condition in which skeletal muscle is damaged, commonly resulting in acute renal failure. The causes of this clinical entity can be traumatic and non-traumatic. In the latter group, alcohol is the commonest cause. This report describes the case of a 25 year old man who presented with rhabdomyolysis leading to acute renal failure after an alcohol binge. He presented with painful legs and lower extremity compartment syndrome. The patient recovered with surgical fasciotomy and renal support. This case illustrates the importance of early recognition and treatment of alcohol related non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome.

scholarly journals A Method for Deriving Quasi-healthy Cohorts From Clinical Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117822261877775
Author(s):  
Satoshi Irino ◽  
Yukio Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Clinical Database ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Effective Condition

We evaluated quasi-healthy cohorts (model cohorts), derived from clinical data, to determine how well they simulated control cohorts. Control cohorts comprised individuals extracted from a public checkup database in Japan, under the condition that their values for 3 basic laboratory tests fall within specific reference ranges (3Ts condition). Model cohorts comprised outpatients, extracted from a clinical database at a hospital, under the 3Ts condition or under the condition that their values for 4 laboratory tests fall within specific reference ranges (4Ts condition). Because even a patient with a serious illness, such as cancer, may present with normal values on basic laboratory tests, one additional condition was added: the duration (1 or 3 months; 1M or 3M) during which patients were not hospitalized after their first laboratory test. For evaluations, cohorts were specified by age and sex. The 4Ts + 3M condition was the most effective condition, under which model cohorts were used to successfully simulate age-dependent changes and sex differences in laboratory test values for control cohorts. Therefore, by properly setting the conditions for extracting quasi-healthy individuals, we can derive cohorts from clinical data to simulate various types of cohorts. Although some issues with the proposed method remain to be solved, this approach presents new possibilities for using clinical data for cohort studies.

scholarly journals Renal functional reserve by measuring the creatinine clearance in children : previously diagnosed and improved after acute renal failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Fahmuda Akhter ◽  
BH Nazma Yasmeen ◽  
Mohammad Hanif ◽  
Shushoma Roy
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Functional Reserve ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Renal Functional Reserve ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Stage 1

Background : Acute Renal Failure (ARF) is a life threatening condition causing significant morbidity and mortality in children. Many studies on adult ARF survivors showed that renal insufficiency persisted after an attack of ARF. Children may be more susceptible to this injury due to immaturity and ongoing growth of the kidney.Objective : This study was conducted to assess the renal functional reserve or detect any sign of renal injury in children after an episode of Acute Renal FailureMethods : This prospective study was carried out in the Renal and Dialysis unit, Dhaka Shishu Hospital in 2007, January . Thirty patients were enrolled in this study by searching data held in the study centre.Results : Thirty (30) patients were selected in this study. Among them 46.7% was in the group > 5-10 years, only 10.0% was in age group < 1 year and more than 10 years respectively. Male were 63.3%, female were 36.7%.Causes of acute renal failure were diarrhoea with dehydration 43.3%, septicaemia 20.0%, Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) 20%, Acute Glomerulo Nephrities (AGN) 10.0%, Henoch Schonlein Purpura ( HSP) 3.3% and hepato renal syndrome 3.3%. During follow up Glomerular Filtration Rate(GFR) of the patients were in stage 1 in 76.7% cases , 10.0% in stage 2, 6.7% in stage 3 stage and in stage 4 & 5 3.3% cases.23.3% patients were found with GFR between stage 2 to stage 5, who had ARF due to HUS and HSP. The incidence of hypertension and proteinuria was found in 13.3% cases of HUS.Conclusion : The progressive nature of acute renal failure which may cause chronic kidney disease is an important observation.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.6(1) 2014: 15-17

Clinical Spectrum of Primaquine-induced Hemolysis in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A 9-Year Hospitalization-based Study From the Brazilian Amazon

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1440-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Diego Brito-Sousa ◽  
Thalie C Santos ◽  
Sara Avalos ◽  
Gustavo Fontecha ◽  
Gisely C Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Dehydrogenase Deficiency ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Abstract Despite glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency prevalence of 5% in the Amazon, primaquine is administered without G6PD screening. This is an important cause of hospitalization among Plasmodium vivax–infected individuals, leading to life-threatening anemia and acute renal failure across endemic areas. In Manaus, the frequency of primaquine-induced hemolysis was 85.2 cases per 100 000 primaquine users.

scholarly journals A Rare Adverse Event of Rhabdomyolysis Caused by Sacubitril/Valsartan

Diseases ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanth Rawla ◽  
Jeffrey Pradeep Raj ◽  
Sajid Melvin George ◽  
Pavani Nathala ◽  
Anantha R. Vellipuram
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Extensive Damage

Rhabdomyolysis is caused by extensive damage to skeletal muscles resulting in elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), leading to life-threatening consequences like acute renal failure, cardiac arrhythmias, and hyperthermia. A variety of causes for muscle damage are known, and one of the most common is drug-induced. Statins and many other agents are known to induce muscle damage, but here we report Entresto™ (Sacubitril/Valsartan) induced rhabdomyolysis which has not been previously reported as solely responsible in the literature.

A rare case of rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure following spinal surgery

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Papadakis ◽  
George Sapkas ◽  
Apostolos Tzoutzopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Neurogenic Claudication ◽  
Intermittent Hemodialysis ◽  
Lumbar Surgery ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Spinal surgery–associated rhabdomyolysis, although rare, is a life-threatening condition. Presented here is the case of a middle-aged, overweight man who underwent posterior lumbar surgery because of pain and neurogenic claudication. His postoperative course was complicated by the occurrence of rhabdomyolysis. Despite adequate treatment, acute renal failure developed as a sequela. His condition was grave enough to require the administration of intermittent hemodialysis. After a prolonged hospitalization and 5 sessions of hemodialysis, the patient achieved a full recovery. In view of the fact that rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure is associated with a mortality rate of 20–50%, the outcome was favorable.

Strategies for Treatment and Prevention of Acute Renal Failure

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-404
Author(s):  
Mary K. Stamatakis
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapy ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Life Threatening

Acute renal failure (ARF) is a potentially life-threatening medical condition that often complicates the hospitalization of critically ill patients. A variety of therapeutic strategies has been studied for both preventing ischemic and nephrotoxic injury to the kidney and improving renal function in established ARF. This article summarizes the role of pharmacologic therapy in the treatment of ARF. Strategies to reduce extracellular fluid volume and preserve renal function with loop diuretics, low-dose dopamine, and renal replacement therapy will be discussed. The value of preventative therapy has increased, and identifying patients at high risk for development of ARF is critical. Modification of drug regimens, administration of less nephrotoxic medications, and volume expansion prior to nephrotoxin administration can minimize toxicity to the kidney. The search for new agents that can improve survival, decrease the need for renal replacement therapy, and hasten the recovery of renal function in ARF is ongoing.

scholarly journals Caffeine Overdose with Rhabdomyolysis and Hypokalaemia

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
T Chakraborty ◽  
◽  
C Rajeswaran ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Caffeine Overdose

Caffeine, a normal content of various beverages and over the counter medications, taken in higher doses can cause serious toxicity. Complications like rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure, which are life threatening, are reversible if diagnosed early and treated appropriately. Caffeine toxicity can also cause serious hypokalaemia, which needs prompt correction. Here we present a patient with caffeine toxicity complicated by rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure who made a complete recovery.

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