scholarly journals Improvement of Biogas Production by Bioaugmentation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Kovács ◽  
N. Ács ◽  
E. Kovács ◽  
R. Wirth ◽  
G. Rákhely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Caldicellulosiruptor Saccharolyticus ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Biogas Reactor ◽  
Rational Construction ◽  
Microbial Food Chain ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

Biogas production technologies commonly involve the use of natural anaerobic consortia of microbes. The objective of this study was to elucidate the importance of hydrogen in this complex microbial food chain. Novel laboratory biogas reactor prototypes were designed and constructed. The fates of pure hydrogen-producing cultures ofCaldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticusandEnterobacter cloacaewere followed in time in thermophilic and mesophilic natural biogas-producing communities, respectively. Molecular biological techniques were applied to study the altered ecosystems. A systematic study in 5-litre CSTR digesters revealed that a key fermentation parameter in the maintenance of an altered population balance is the loading rate of total organic solids. Intensification of the biogas production was observed and the results corroborate that the enhanced biogas productivity is associated with the increased abundance of the hydrogen producers. Fermentation parameters did not indicate signs of failure in the biogas production process. Rational construction of more efficient and sustainable biogas-producing microbial consortia is proposed.

scholarly journals Optimization and fabrication of a portable biogas reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Yousuf ◽  
Salma Akhter Iqbal ◽  
Niloy Chandra Sarker ◽  
Md Nazmul Hasan ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat Hussain Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Plant Reactor ◽  
Biogas Reactor

The study was conducted to investigate the production of biogas from kitchen waste (KW) with co-digestion of cow manure (CM) by using anaerobic digestion process. The experimental protocol was defined to examine the effect of organic loading rate (OLR), temperature, and NaOH-treatment on the efficiency of the production of biogas. A portable biogas reactor was fabricated for efficient biogas production which included an agitation and a heating system. The KW and CM were co-digested at ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1 and 8:1 respectively at loading rates of 50, 100,150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 g/L. The highest degradation rate of 7.96 ml/g was obtained from the loading rate of 200 g/L. Furthermore, KW was co-digested at different temperatures 25, 35, 40, 45, and 500C, maintaining the same loading rate of 200 g/L and the highest degradation rate of 7.98 ml/g was inspected at temperature 350C. The alkali (NaOH) was used to treat KW to improve biogas production and four NaOH doses 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% on wet matter basis of KW were applied. The highest degradation rate 13.21ml/g was obtained from 1.5% NaOH which was almost double compared to untreated KW. In addition, 39.74 % more biogas could be produced from 1.5% NaOH-treated KW than untreated KW. The results were further verified by scaling up to a semi-continuously-operating pilot-plant reactor co-digesting KW with CM as bacterial seed and confirmed that no negative impact was imposed at optimized conditions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i2.17799 Journal of Chemical Engineering, IEB Vol. ChE. 27, No. 2, December 2012: 36-40

scholarly journals The Role of Mineral Phases in the Biogas Production Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Geršl ◽  
Tjaša Kanduč ◽  
Dalibor Matýsek ◽  
Martin Šotnar ◽  
Jan Mareček
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Phase ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Biogas Reactor

Abstract In the field of electric power industry, renewable energy sources, fertilisers, reclamation, and waste management, biomass is widely studied and used. Minerals are present in every step of biogas transformation, but their forms, occurrence, and composition have not been studied yet. However, there is no comprehensive study research that would address the presence of mineral phases in the process of biogas production. This aim of the study is determination of the amount and composition of the mineral phases present in fermentation residues resulting from different production technologies. Digestate mineral composition was analysed using 46 samples from agricultural biogas plants and university testing biogas reactor. The majority of samples contained the amorphous phase. Minority phases consisted of quartz, albite, orthoclase, muscovite, and amphibole. Opal-CT was found in eleven samples (1.26 to 12.1% wt.). The elements present in gas-liquid fluids or in liquids, gases and aerosols within the biogas technology system may create mineral phases, namely the amorphous phase or the crystalline phase under certain conditions. Opal-CT may enter the fermenter as part of plant tissues referred to as phytoliths, or as an unwanted admixture of different origin. It may also originate from the present amorphous SiO2.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Haryanto ◽  
Sugeng Triyono ◽  
Nugroho Hargo Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Anaerobic Digester ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Average Analysis

The efficiency of biogas production in semi-continuous anaerobic digester is influenced by several factors, among other is loading rate. This research aimed at determining the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the biogas yield. Experiment was conducted using lab scale self-designed anaerobic digester of 36-L capacity with substrate of a mixture of fresh cow dung and water at a ratio of 1:1. Experiment was run with substrate initial amount of 25 L and five treatment variations of HRT, namely 1.31 gVS/L/d (P1), 2.47 gVS/L/d (P2), 3.82 gVS/L/d (P3), 5.35 gVS/L/d (P4) and 6.67 gVS/L/d (P5). Digester performance including pH, temperature, and biogas yield was measured every day. After stable condition was achieved, biogas composition was analyzed using a gas chromatograph. A 10-day moving average analysis of biogas production was performed to compare biogas yield of each treatment. Results showed that digesters run quite well with average pH of 6.8-7.0 and average daily temperature 28.7-29.1. The best biogas productivity (77.32 L/kg VSremoval) was found in P1 treatment (organic loading rate of 1.31 g/L/d) with biogas yield of 7.23 L/d. With methane content of 57.23% treatment P1 also produce the highest methane yield. Biogas production showed a stable rate after the day of 44. Modified Gompertz kinetic equation is suitable to model daily biogas yield as a function of digestion time.Article History: Received March 24th 2018; Received in revised form June 2nd 2018; Accepted June 16th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Haryanto, A., Triyono, S., and Wicaksono, N.H. (2018) Effect of Loading Rate on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(2), 93-100.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.93-100

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of an anaerobic hybrid reactor treating petrochemical effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
M.T. Jafarzadeh ◽  
N. Jamshidi ◽  
L. Talebiazar ◽  
R. Aslaniavali
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Hybrid Reactor ◽  
Petrochemical Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor ◽  
Study Performance

Organic loading rate (OLR), Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and up flow velocity are important parameters significantly affecting microbial ecology and characteristics of anaerobic reactors. In this study, Performance of an anaerobic hybrid reactor (UASB/Filter) at mesophilic condition was evaluated in a 15.4 L reactor receiving petrochemical wastewater. The temperature of influent was adjusted by an inline heat exchanger at around 35 ˚C. The reactor was seeded with flocculent sludge from a UASB plant treating dairy wastewater. The sludge was acclimatized to petrochemical wastewater in twostage operation. After 39 weeks, a COD reduction of 70.3% was obtained at OLR=2.0 kg m-3 d-1 and HRT=18 h. Under steady state conditions, experiments were conducted at OLRs of between 0.5 and 24 kg TCOD m-3 d-1 , hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 4-48 h and up flow velocities 0.021-0.25 m h-1. Removal efficiencies in the range of 42-86% were achieved at feed TCOD concentrations of 1000- 4000 mg L-1 . The biogas production data used for determination of biogas production kinetics. The values of Gmax and GB estimated as 11.173 LL-1d -1 and 85.83 g L-1d -1 , respectively.

scholarly journals The Concept of Wastes to Energy Using Sugary Wastes

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Fiza Sarwar ◽  
Wajeeha Malik ◽  
Muhammad Salman Ahmed ◽  
Harja Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Sugar Mills ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Abstract: This study was designed using actual effluent from the sugary mills in an Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor to evaluate treatability performance. The reactor was started-up in step-wise loading rates beginning from 0.05kg carbon oxygen demand (COD)/m3-day to 3.50kg-COD/m3-day. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) was slowly decreased from 96 hrs to eight hrs. It was observed that the removal efficiency of COD of more than 73% can be easily achieved at an HRT of more than 16 hours corresponding to an average organic loading rate (OLR) of 3.0kg-COD/m3-day, at neutral pH and constant temperature of 29°C. The average VFAs (volatile fatty acids) and biogas production was observed as 560mg/L and 1.6L/g-CODrem-d, respectively. The average methane composition was estimated as 62%. The results of this study suggest that the treatment of sugar mills effluent with the anaerobic technology seems to be more reliable, effective and economical.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v9i0.7075 Hydro Nepal Vol.9 July 2011 57-62

scholarly journals The feasibility of trace element supplementation for stable operation of wheat stillage-fed biogas tank reactors

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gustavsson ◽  
B. H. Svensson ◽  
A. Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Process Stability ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
High Sulfate

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of trace element supplementation on operation of wheat stillage-fed biogas tank reactors. The stillage used was a residue from bio-ethanol production, containing high levels of sulfate. In biogas production, high sulfate content has been associated with poor process stability in terms of low methane production and accumulation of process intermediates. However, the results of the present study show that this problem can be overcome by trace element supplementations. Four lab-scale wheat stillage-fed biogas tank reactors were operated for 345 days at a hydraulic retention time of 20 days (37 °C). It was concluded that daily supplementation with Co (0.5 mg L−1), Ni (0.2 mg L−1) and Fe (0.5 g L−1) were required for maintaining process stability at the organic loading rate of 4.0 g volatile solids L−1 day−1.

scholarly journals Adjusting Organic Load as a Strategy to Direct Single-Stage Food Waste Fermentation from Anaerobic Digestion to Chain Elongation

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1487
Author(s):  
Vicky De Groof ◽  
Marta Coma ◽  
Tom C. Arnot ◽  
David J. Leak ◽  
Ana B. Lanham
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Operating Strategy

Production of medium chain carboxylic acids (MCCA) as renewable feedstock bio-chemicals, from food waste (FW), requires complicated reactor configurations and supplementation of chemicals to achieve product selectivity. This study evaluated the manipulation of organic loading rate in an un-supplemented, single stage stirred tank reactor to steer an anaerobic digestion (AD) microbiome towards acidogenic fermentation (AF), and thence to chain elongation. Increasing substrate availability by switching to a FW feedstock with a higher COD stimulated chain elongation. The MCCA species n-caproic (10.1 ± 1.7 g L−1) and n-caprylic (2.9 ± 0.8 g L−1) acid were produced at concentrations comparable to more complex reactor set-ups. As a result, of the adjusted operating strategy, a more specialised microbiome developed containing several MCCA-producing bacteria, lactic acid-producing Olsenella spp. and hydrogenotrophic methanogens. By contrast, in an AD reactor that was operated in parallel to produce biogas, the retention times had to be doubled when fed with the high-COD FW to maintain biogas production. The AD microbiome comprised a diverse mixture of hydrolytic and acidogenic bacteria, and acetoclastic methanogens. The results suggest that manipulation of organic loading rate and food-to-microorganism ratio may be used as an operating strategy to direct an AD microbiome towards AF, and to stimulate chain elongation in FW fermentation, using a simple, un-supplemented stirred tank set-up. This outcome provides the opportunity to repurpose existing AD assets operating on food waste for biogas production, to produce potentially higher value MCCA products, via simple manipulation of the feeding strategy.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Pre-processing Methods on Dry Anaerobic Fermentation of Sugarcane Leaves and Pig Manure

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 02065
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Huang ◽  
Jing Jiao ◽  
Jihua Du ◽  
Zunxiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Volume Loading ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Fermentation Period

Using agricultural wastes for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas can not only realize the resource utilization of the wastes, but also prevent the environmental issues caused by straw burning. Sugarcane leaves contain waxy layer, which will cause problems such as difficulty in degradation, long-time fermentation and low biogas production. This paper studies the effects on three pre-processing methods of adding rush rot agent, natural retting for 7 days and water moisture for 24 hours of dry anaerobic fermentation of sugarcane leaves and pig manure. The results show that natural retting for 7 days has the advantage of daily biogas production when the fermentation period is less than 20 days, but this method is not obviously different from that of water moisture for 24 hours. When taking total biogas production volume and volume loading rate as the indicators, water moisture for 24 hours is the best pre-processing method for dry anaerobic fermentation of sugarcane leaves and pig manure when the fermentation period is more than 20 days.

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