scholarly journals Inhibitory Effects of Traditional Herbal Formula Pyungwi-San on Inflammatory ResponseIn VitroandIn Vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young Cha ◽  
Ji Yun Jung ◽  
Jae Yup Jung ◽  
Jong Rok Lee ◽  
Il Je Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Herbal Formula ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pyungwi-san (PWS) is a traditional basic herbal formula. We investigated the effects of PWS on induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) as well as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in lipopolysaccharide-(LPS-) induced Raw 264.7 cells and on paw edema in rats. Treatment with PWS (0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/mL) resulted in inhibited levels of expression of LPS-induced COX-2, iNOS, NF-κB, and MAPKs as well as production of prostaglandin E2(PGE2), nitric oxide (NO), IL-6, and TNF-αinduced by LPS. Our results demonstrate that PWS possesses anti-inflammatory activities via decreasing production of pro-inflammatory mediators through suppression of the signaling pathways of NF-κB and MAPKs in LPS-induced macrophage cells. More importantly, results of the carrageenan-(CA-) induced paw edema demonstrate an anti-edema effect of PWS. In addition, it is considered that PWS also inhibits the acute edematous inflammations through suppression of mast cell degranulations and inflammatory mediators, including COX-2, iNOS and TNF-α. Thus, our findings may provide scientific evidence to explain the anti-inflammatory properties of PWSin vitroandin vivo.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of a sterol-enriched fraction from freshwater green alga, Spirogyra sp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
You-Jin Jeon ◽  
Jae-Il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many diseases such as arthritis and atherosclerosis. In the present study, we evaluated anti-inflammatory activity of sterol-rich fraction prepared from Spirogyra sp., a freshwater green alga, in an effort to find bioactive extracts derived from natural sources. Methods The sterol content of ethanol extract of Spirogyra sp. (SPE) was enriched by fractionation with hexane (SPEH), resulting 6.7 times higher than SPE. Using this fraction, the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and zebrafish. Results SPEH effectively and dose-dependently decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). SPEH suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-1β through downregulating nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells without cytotoxicity. The in vivo test results indicated that SPEH significantly and dose-dependently reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell death, and NO production in LPS-stimulated zebrafish. Conclusions These results demonstrate that SPEH possesses strong in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities and has the potential to be used as healthcare or pharmaceutical material for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Fermentation Improves Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Sipjeondaebotang on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 813-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Chang Oh ◽  
Won-Kyung Cho ◽  
Yun Hee Jeong ◽  
Ga Young Im ◽  
Min Cheol Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Sipjeondaebotang (SJ) has been used as a traditional drug in east-Asian countries. In this study, to provide insight into the biological effects of SJ and SJ fermented by Lactobacillus, we investigated their effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation in macrophages. The investigation was focused on whether SJ and fermented SJ could inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin (PG) E2 and nitric oxide (NO) as well as the expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We found that SJ modestly inhibited LPS-induced PGE2, NO and TNF-α production as well as the expressions of COX-2 and iNOS. Interestingly, fermentation significantly increased its inhibitory effect on the expression of all pro-inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, fermented SJ exhibited increased inhibition of p38 MAPK and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK phosphorylation as well as NF-κB p65 translocation by reduced IκBα degradation compared with either untreated controls or unfermented SJ. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed fermentation by Lactobacillus increases liquiritigenin and cinnamyl alcohol contained in SJ, which are known for their anti-inflammatory activities. Finally, SJ fermented by Lactobacillus exerted potent anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signaling in RAW 264.7 cells.

Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lobelia chinensis In Vitro and In Vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (02) ◽  
pp. 269-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun-Cheng Li ◽  
Yu-Ling Ho ◽  
Guan-Jhong Huang ◽  
Yuan-Shiun Chang
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α

Lobelia chinensis Lour (LcL) is a popular herb that has been widely used as folk medicine in China for the treatment of fever, lung cancer, and inflammation for hundreds of years. Recently, several studies have shown that the anti-inflammatory properties were correlated with the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) from the NF-κB pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of L. chinensis. Both suppressive activities on LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro and the acute rat lung injury model in vivo were studied. The results showed that the methanol extract of LcL and its fractions within the range of 62.5–250 μg/mL did not induce cytotoxicity (p < 0.001). The ethyl acetate fraction of LcL showed better NO inhibition activity than other fractions. On the other hand, the Lc-EA (62.5, 125, 250 mg/kg) pretreated rats showed a decrease in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-β, IL-6) and inhibited iNOS, COX-2 expression through the NF-κB pathway. These results suggested that L. chinensis exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect through the NF-κB pathways.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Isoorientin Isolated from Tubers of Pueraria tuberosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotha Anilkumar ◽  
Gorla V. Reddy ◽  
Rajaram Azad ◽  
Nagendra Sastry Yarla ◽  
Gangappa Dharmapuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Pueraria Tuberosa ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inflammation is the major causative factor of different diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. Anti-inflammatory drugs are often the first step of treatment in many of these diseases. The present study is aimed at evaluating the anti-inflammatory properties of isoorientin, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor isolated from the tubers of Pueraria tuberosa, in vitro on mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) and in vivo on mouse paw edema and air pouch models of inflammation. Isoorientin reduced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cell line in vitro and carrageenan induced inflammatory animal model systems in vivo. Cellular infiltration into pouch tissue was reduced in isoorientin treated mice compared to carrageenan treated mice. Isoorientin treated RAW 264.7 cells and animals showed reduced expression of inflammatory proteins like COX-2, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and interleukin 1-β (IL-1-β) both in vitro and in vivo. The antioxidant enzyme levels of catalase and GST were markedly increased in isoorientin treated mice compared to carrageenan treated mice. These results suggest that isoorientin, a selective inhibitor of COX-2, not only exerts anti-inflammatory effects in LPS induced RAW cells and carrageenan induced inflammatory model systems but also exhibits potent antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Bangpungtongsung-San, a Traditional Herbal Prescription

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chul Won Lee ◽  
Sang Chan Kim ◽  
Tae Won Kwak ◽  
Jong Rok Lee ◽  
Mi Jeong Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Herbal Prescription

Bangpungtongsung-san (BPTS), a traditional oriental herbal prescription, is widely used for expelling wind, draining heat, and providing general improvement to the immune system. In this study, we investigated the effects of BPTS on induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), proinflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS- ) stimulated Raw 264.7 cells, and on paw edema in rats. At concentrations of 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/mL, treatment with BPTS inhibited levels of expression of LPS-induced NF-κB and MAPKs (ERK, JNK, and p38) as well as production of proinflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2(PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by LPS. These results suggest that BPTS may exert anti-inflammatory effects via reduction of proinflammatory mediators, including NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6 through suppression of the signaling pathways of NF-κB and MAPKs in LPS-induced macrophages. In addition, using the carrageenan-induced paw edema assay, an antiedema effect of BPTS was observed in rats. These findings may provide scientific evidence validating the use of BPTS in treatment of patients with heat syndrome in Korean oriental medicine.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Procyanidins from Wild Grape (Vitis amurensis) Seeds in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Ji Bak ◽  
Van Long Truong ◽  
Hey-Sook Kang ◽  
Mira Jun ◽  
Woo-Sik Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Vitis Amurensis ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Wild Grape ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effect and underlying mechanisms of wild grape seeds procyanidins (WGP) were examined using lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We used nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays to examine inhibitory effect of WGP and further investigated the mechanisms of WGP suppressed LPS-mediated genes and upstream expression by Western blot and confocal microscopy analysis. Our data indicate that WGP significantly reduced NO, PGE2, and ROS production and also inhibited the expression of proinflammatory mediators such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expressions. Consistently, WGP significantly reduced LPS-stimulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α) and interleukin- (IL-) 1β. Moreover, WGP prevented nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) p65 subunit by reducing inhibitoryκB-α(IκBα) and NFκB phosphorylation. Furthermore, we found that WGP inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Taken together, our results demonstrated that WGP exerts potent anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 by regulating NFκB and p38 MAPK pathway.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects ofArtemisiaLeaf Extract in Mice with Contact DermatitisIn VitroandIn Vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanyong Yun ◽  
Youngchul Jung ◽  
Wonjoo Chun ◽  
Beodeul Yang ◽  
Junghyun Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase

The leaves ofArtemisia argyiLev. et Vant. andA. princepsPamp. are well known medicinal herbs used to treat patients in China, Japan, and Korea with skin problems such as eczema and itching, as well as abdominal pain and dysmenorrhoea. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects ofArtemisialeaf extract (ALE) using CD mice and Raw 264.7 cells. The effects of ALE on histopathological changes and cytokine production in ear tissues were assessed in mice with CD induced by 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB). Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effects on production levels of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) and expression levels of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were investigated in Raw 264.7 cells. Topical application of ALE effectively prevented ear swelling induced by repeated DNFB application. ALE prevented epidermal hyperplasia and infiltration of immune cells and lowered the production of interferon- (IFN-) gamma (γ), tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-) alpha (α), and interleukin- (IL-) 6 in inflamed tissues. In addition, ALE inhibited expression of COX-2 and iNOS and production of NO and PGE2in Raw 264.7 cells. These results indicate thatArtemisialeaf can be used as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory skin diseases and that its anti-inflammatory effects are closely related to the inhibition of inflammatory mediator release from macrophages and inflammatory cytokine production in inflamed tissues.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antiosteoarthritis Effects ofSaposhnikovia divaricata ethanolExtract:In VitroandIn VivoStudies

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Mi Chun ◽  
Hyo Seon Kim ◽  
A Yeong Lee ◽  
Seung-Hyung Kim ◽  
Ho Kyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Saposhnikovia Divaricata

Saposhnikovia divaricataSchischkin has been used in traditional medicine to treat pain, inflammation, and arthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antiosteoarthritis activities ofSaposhnikovia divaricataextract (SDE). The anti-inflammatory effect of SDE was evaluatedin vitroin lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated RAW 264.7 cells. The antiosteoarthritic effect of SDE was investigated in anin vivorat model of monosodium iodoacetate- (MIA-) induced osteoarthritis (OA) in which rats were treated orally with SDE (200 mg/kg) for 28 days. The effects of SDE were assessedin vivoby histopathological analysis and by measuring weight-bearing distribution, cytokine serum levels, and joint tissue inflammation-related gene expression. SDE showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2(PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, SDE promoted recovery of hind limb weight-bearing, inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators, and protected cartilage and subchondral bone tissue in the OA rat model. Therefore, SDE is a potential therapeutic agent for OA and/or associated symptoms.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities ofPhysalis Alkekengivar.franchetiiand Its Main Constituents

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zunpeng Shu ◽  
Na Xing ◽  
Qiuhong Wang ◽  
Xinli Li ◽  
Bingqing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

This study was designed to determine whether the 50% EtOH fraction from AB-8 macroporous resin fractionation of a 70% EtOH extract ofP. Alkekengi(50-EFP) has antibacterial and/or anti-inflammatory activity bothin vivoandin vitroand to investigate the mechanism of 50-EFP anti-inflammatory activity. Additionally, this study sought to define the chemical composition of 50-EFP. Results indicated that 50-EFP showed significant antibacterial activityin vitroand efficacyin vivo. Moreover, 50-EFP significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2(PGE2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 (IL-1), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) production in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated THP-1 cells. Nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (examined at the protein level) in THP-1 cells were suppressed by 50-EFP, which inhibited nuclear translocation of p65. Consistent with this anti-inflammatory activityin vitro, 50-EFP reduced inflammation in both animal models. Finally, seventeen compounds (8 physalins and 9 flavones) were isolated as major components of 50-EFP. Our data demonstrate that 50-EFP has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities bothin vitroandin vivo. The anti-inflammatory effect appears to occur, at least in part, through the inhibition of nuclear translocation of p65. Moreover, physalins and flavones are probably the active components in 50-EFP that exert antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Leaf Oil from Cinnamomum subavenium In Vitro and In Vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xincai Hao ◽  
Weiguang Sun ◽  
Changbin Ke ◽  
Fuqian Wang ◽  
Yongbo Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The study determined the chemical constituents and anti-inflammatory effects of leaf oil from Cinnamomum subavenium (CS-LO) that has been used in folk medicine to treat various symptoms including inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effects of the oil were evaluated by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and the Carr-induced hind mouse paw edema model, respectively. In vitro, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were significantly decreased by CS-LO, and the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) protein was blocked as well. In in vivo, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and paw edema levels were decreased by CS-LO, and the same result came up on the NO and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a) of serum at the 5th h after Carr injection. In addition, iNOS and COX-2 immunoreactive cells of the paw tissue were decreased significantly by CS-LO (200 mg/kg) in histological examination. The present findings indicated that CS-LO have anti-inflammatory properties, and the effects might be caused through inhibiting iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression via affecting NF-κB pathway, which will provide a power scientific basis for CS-LO to be used as the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

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