scholarly journals Outcomes Research in Perioperative Medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ottokar Stundner ◽  
Stavros G. Memtsoudis
Keyword(s):  
Outcomes Research ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Perioperative Medicine ◽  
Perioperative Outcomes ◽  
Database Analysis ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Differential Evaluation ◽  
Database Research ◽  
Very High

Outcomes research is emerging as an invaluable approach to the scientific evaluation of healthcare in a real-world rather than an experimental environment. There is much interest in the differential evaluation of existing interventions with regard to different patient populations. Moreover, various comorbid conditions necessitate analysis for the specific additional risk those factors convey in the perioperative arena, a task often difficult to accomplish without population-based techniques. The authors' group has conducted significant work in perioperative outcomes research utilizing CER and database analysis methodology, with focus on orthopedic surgery and anesthesiology. Our research resulted in numerous publications affecting policy and patient care over the last number of years. Knowledge on immediate perioperative outcomes of anesthesia and surgery is of very high interest not only to clinicians but also to administrators and policymakers, as it allows for risk assessment and allocation of resources. This review is not intended to be a systematic review but rather to (1) provide a brief overview over the theoretical basis of CER and population-based database research, (2) give an overview of our work with various points of focus, and (3) offer a perspective on the future development in perioperative medicine.

Differentiation of endemic areas by incidence rates of tick-borne infectious diseases as the basis for choosing prevention strategy and tactics

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
N.V. Rudakov ◽  
N.A. Penyevskaya ◽  
D.A. Saveliev ◽  
S.A. Rudakova ◽  
C.V. Shtrek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Prevention Strategy ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
Very High

Research objective. Differentiation of natural focal areas of Western Siberia by integral incidence rates of tick-borne infectious diseases for determination of the strategy and tactics of their comprehensive prevention. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of official statistics for the period 2002-2018 for eight sub-federal units in the context of administrative territories was carried out. The criteria of differentiation were determined by means of three evaluation scales, including long-term mean rates of tick-borne encephalitis, tick-borne borreliosis, and Siberian tick-borne typhus. As a scale gradation tool, we used the number of sample elements between the confidence boundaries of the median. The integral assessment was carried out by the sum of points corresponding to the incidence rates for each of the analyzed infections. Results. The areas of low, medium, above average, high and very high risk of tick-borne infectious diseases were determined. Recommendations on the choice of prevention strategy and tactics were given. In areas of very high and high incidence rates, a combination of population-based and individual prevention strategies is preferable while in other areas a combination of high-risk and individual strategies is recommended. Discussion. Epidemiologic zoning should be the basis of a risk-based approach to determining optimal volumes and directions of preventive measures against natural focal infections. It is necessary to improve the means and methods of determining the individual risk of getting infected and developing tick-borne infectious diseases in case of bites, in view of mixed infection of vectors, as well as methods of post-exposure disease prevention (preventive therapy).

scholarly journals Trajectories of sickness absence and disability pension in colorectal cancer: a Swedish cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Chen ◽  
K Alexanderson
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background Working-aged colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have a much better survival nowadays, indicating the importance of their future work situation. We aimed to investigate trajectories of sickness absence and disability pension (SADP) days before and after CRC diagnosis and in references, and risk factors associated with different trajectories. Methods A longitudinal, population-based matched cohort study of 4735 CRC survivors in Sweden aged 19-62 when first diagnosed with CRC in 2008-2011, and 18,230 matched references was conducted, using microdata linked from several nationwide registers. The annual SADP net days for 2 years before through 5 years after diagnosis date were computed. A group-based trajectory model was used to depict SADP trajectories. Associations between trajectory membership, and sociodemographic and clinical variables were tested by chi2 test and multinomial logistic regression. Results Four trajectories of SADP days/year for CRC survivors were identified: “only increase around diagnosis” (52% of all, n = 2481), “slight increase after diagnosis” (27%), “high then decrease moderately after diagnosis” (13%), and “constantly very high” (8%). Educational level (R2=0.022), Charlson's Comorbidity Index (R2=0.029), and prediagnostic mental disorders (R2=0.066) were the strongest factors determining the SADP trajectory groups. In references, three trajectories (”constantly low” (80% of all), “constantly moderate and decrease gradually” (12%), and “very high then decrease overtime” (8%)) were identified. Conclusions Approximately 80% of CRC survivors return to a low level of SADP (0-60 days/year) at 5 years postdiagnosis. Prediagnostic status of mental disorders, somatic comorbidity, and low educational level are good indicators of future high SADP levels for CRC survivors. Key messages Most of working-age colorectal cancer survivors have low levels of sickness absence and disability pension days five years after their diagnosis. Trajectory analyses based on population-based register data can be used as a good approach in understanding future work situation regarding sick leave among working-age cancer survivors.

scholarly journals Population-based disparities in survival among patients with core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia: A SEER database analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 773-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Brunner ◽  
Traci M. Blonquist ◽  
Hossein Sadrzadeh ◽  
Ashley M. Perry ◽  
Eyal C. Attar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Seer Database ◽  
Database Analysis ◽  
Core Binding Factor ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Population-based analysis of salvage radical prostatectomy with examination of factors associated with adverse perioperative outcomes

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 163.e1-163.e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane M. Pearce ◽  
Kyle A. Richards ◽  
Sanjay G. Patel ◽  
Joseph J. Pariser ◽  
Scott E. Eggener
Keyword(s):  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Perioperative Outcomes ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Salvage Radical Prostatectomy

scholarly journals Familial associations for Addison’s disease and between Addison’s disease and other autoimmune diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1114-1120
Author(s):  
Hauke Thomsen ◽  
Xinjun Li ◽  
Kristina Sundquist ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Asta Försti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Genetic Etiology ◽  
Polygenic Inheritance ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Very High

Design Addison’s disease (AD) is a rare autoimmune disease (AID) of the adrenal cortex, present as an isolated AD or part of autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APSs) 1 and 2. Although AD patients present with a number of AID co-morbidities, population-based family studies are scarce, and we aimed to carry out an unbiased study on AD and related AIDs. Methods We collected data on patients diagnosed with AIDs in Swedish hospitals and calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) in families for concordant AD and for other AIDs, the latter as discordant relative risks. Results The number of AD patients was 2852, which accounted for 0.4% of all hospitalized AIDs. A total of 62 persons (3.6%) were diagnosed with familial AD. The SIR for siblings was remarkably high, reaching 909 for singleton siblings diagnosed before age 10 years. It was 32 in those diagnosed past age 29 years and the risk for twins was 323. SIR was 9.44 for offspring of affected parents. AD was associated with 11 other AIDs, including thyroid AIDs and type 1 diabetes and some rarer AIDs such as Guillain–Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis, polymyalgia rheumatica and Sjögren’s syndrome. Conclusions The familial risk for AD was very high implicating genetic etiology, which for juvenile siblings may be ascribed to APS-1. The adult part of sibling risk was probably contributed by recessive polygenic inheritance. AD was associated with many common AIDs; some of these were known co-morbidities in AD patients while some other appeared to more specific for a familial setting.

scholarly journals 44P A large population-based study on large cell neuroendocrine lung cancer: A SEER database analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. S24-S25
Author(s):  
X. Fu ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
Y. Yang ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
J. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Seer Database ◽  
Database Analysis ◽  
Population Based Study

Abstract P426: Association of Serum Soy Isoflavones with Metabolic Markers in Japanese Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhobert W Evans ◽  
Akira Sekikawa ◽  
Takashi Kadowaki ◽  
Abhishek Vishnu ◽  
Sayaka Kadowaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Isoflavone Concentration ◽  
Very High

Objectives: Soy isoflavones may have beneficial roles as antioxidants and phytoestrogens. Dietary intake varies widely across populations: very high in Japan but low in North America. We measured the concentrations of daidzein and genistein in the serum of Japanese men and women and evaluated their associations with metabolic markers. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from a population based sample of 94 Japanese men (mean age 45.3), and 142 Japanese women (mean age 66.6; 97% were post-menopausal). Isoflavones were analyzed after extraction and derivatization using GC-MS. Concentrations of daidzein and genistein were summed to obtain total isoflavone concentrations. Results: Isoflavone concentrations were very high among the Japanese. Median values (nM) for men: 558, 452 and 86 and for women 660, 494 and 150 (total isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, respectively). Spearman correlation coefficients for the isoflavones with multiple outcomes among Japanese men and women are shown in the table. No significant (p<0.05) associations were observed among the men but borderline negative associations were observed for total isoflavones (p=0.063) and genistein (p=0.063) with LDLc. Among women there was a significant association between total isoflavones (p=0.041) and daidzein (p=0.006) with HDLc. Borderline significant associations were also observed for total isoflavones (p=0.068) and genistein (p=0.061) with glucose. Discussion: The concentrations of isoflavones are high in the Japanese, approximately 50 times greater than those of N. Americans. Associations between the isoflavones and various outcomes were very weak for the Japanese men. This possibly reflects a plateau of isoflavone concentration has been reached that precludes observing any associations. Although, many correlations were calculated the positive associations of total isoflavones and daidzein with HDLc among women may be real. HDLc concentrations are high in Japanese women which may reflect the estrogenic actions of isoflavones.

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