Greater Endothelial Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

We compared apoptosis, cellular oxidative stress, and inflammation of cultured endothelial cells treated with sera from 156 subjects with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and 16 healthy control subjects. Furthermore, we compared circulating inflammatory, antioxidant capacity, and vascular biomarkers between the two groups. The PAD group had a 164% higher value for endothelial cell apoptosis (P<0.001) and a 62% higher value for endothelial cellular reactive oxygen species production (P<0.001) than the control group. Furthermore, the PAD group had lower systemic antioxidant capacity measured by hydroxyl radical antioxidant capacity activity (P<0.001), higher inflammatory and vascular measures of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P<0.001), interleukin-8 (P<0.001), serum amyloid A (P<0.001), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (P<0.001), adiponectin (P<0.001), apolipoprotein B (P=0.013), apolipoprotein CIII (P=0.035), lower vascular endothelial growth factor-A (P<0.001), and hepatocyte growth factor (P<0.001) than the control group. Subjects with PAD have greater endothelial apoptosis and oxidative stress than control subjects with low burden of comorbid conditions and cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, subjects with PAD have lower systemic antioxidant capacity and angiogenic measures and higher circulating inflammatory parameters.

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Local and Systemic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress After a Single Bout of Maximal Walking in Patients With Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease

The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing ◽

10.1097/jcn.0000000000000686 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Aluisio Andrade-Lima ◽

Natan da Silva Junior ◽

Marcel Chehuen ◽

Roberto Miyasato ◽

Rodrigo W.A. Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Systemic Inflammation ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Single Bout ◽

Artery Disease ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Oxidative Stress and Arterial Dysfunction in Peripheral Artery Disease

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox7100145 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 145 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ahmed Ismaeel ◽

Robert Brumberg ◽

Jeffrey Kirk ◽

Evlampia Papoutsi ◽

Patrick Farmer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Potential Therapeutic Role ◽

Artery Disease ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease characterized by a narrowing of the arteries in the lower extremities. Disease manifestations are the result of more than just reduced blood flow, and include endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and inflammation. Growing evidence suggests that these factors lead to functional impairment and decline in PAD patients. Oxidative stress also plays an important role in the disease, and a growing amount of data suggest a link between arterial dysfunction and oxidative stress. In this review, we present the current evidence for the involvement of endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and inflammation in the pathophysiology of PAD. We also discuss the links between these factors and oxidative stress, with a focus on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Finally, the potential therapeutic role of NOX2 antioxidants for improving arterial function and functional status in PAD patients is explored.

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Nerve growth factor in muscle afferent neurons of peripheral artery disease and autonomic function

Neural Regeneration Research ◽

10.4103/1673-5374.293132 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 694

Author(s):

Lu Qin ◽

Jianhua Li

Keyword(s):

Nerve Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Autonomic Function ◽

Afferent Neurons ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Nerve Growth ◽

Muscle Afferent ◽

Artery Disease

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Skeletal muscle capillary density is related to anaerobic threshold and claudication in peripheral artery disease

Vascular Medicine ◽

10.1177/1358863x20945794 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 411-418

Author(s):

Brian D Duscha ◽

William E Kraus ◽

William S Jones ◽

Jennifer L Robbins ◽

Lucy W Piner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Anaerobic Threshold ◽

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽

Capillary Density ◽

Exercise Intolerance ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Artery Disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by impaired blood flow to the lower extremities, causing claudication and exercise intolerance. Exercise intolerance may result from reduced skeletal muscle capillary density and impaired muscle oxygen delivery. This cross-sectional study tested the hypothesis that capillary density is related to claudication times and anaerobic threshold (AT) in patients with PAD. A total of 37 patients with PAD and 29 control subjects performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill for AT and gastrocnemius muscle biopsies. Skeletal muscle capillary density was measured using immunofluorescence staining. PAD had decreased capillary density (278 ± 87 vs 331 ± 86 endothelial cells/mm2, p = 0.05), peak VO2 (15.7 ± 3.9 vs 24.3 ± 5.2 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001), and VO2 at AT (11.5 ± 2.6 vs 16.1 ± 2.8 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001) compared to control subjects. In patients with PAD, but not control subjects, capillary density was related to VO2 at AT ( r = 0.343; p = 0.038), time to AT ( r = 0.381; p = 0.020), and time after AT to test termination ( r = 0.610; p ⩽ 0.001). Capillary density was also related to time to claudication ( r = 0.332; p = 0.038) and time after claudication to test termination ( r = 0.584; p ⩽ 0.001). In conclusion, relationships between capillary density, AT, and claudication symptoms indicate that, in PAD, exercise limitations are likely partially dependent on limited skeletal muscle capillary density and oxidative metabolism.

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Low Plasma Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis ◽

10.5551/jat.41731 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 821-828 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yoshichika Miyazaki ◽

Emi Saita ◽

Yoshimi Kishimoto ◽

Susumu Ibe ◽

Toshiki Seki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽

Fibroblast Growth ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Artery Disease

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Gender and racial differences in endothelial oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease

Journal of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.jvs.2014.02.045 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (5) ◽

pp. 1249-1257 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Andrew W. Gardner ◽

Donald E. Parker ◽

Polly S. Montgomery ◽

Danuta Sosnowska ◽

Ana I. Casanegra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Artery Disease

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Abstract 3312: Cilostazol Improves Long-term Patency after Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty in Hemodialysis Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.ii_746-a ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽

Author(s):

Yoshitaka Kumada ◽

Hideki Ishii ◽

Toru Aoyama ◽

Miho Tanaka ◽

Takanobu Toriyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty ◽

Transluminal Angioplasty ◽

Primary Patency ◽

Control Group ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Percutaneous Transluminal

Background: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has become common therapeutic standard for peripheral artery disease (PAD). Although initial success rate of PTA is high, higher restenosis rate is a limitation in hemidialysis (HD) patients. Cilostazol is a PDE3 inhibitor with anti-platelet and vasodilatory effects, and also inhibits the proliferation of the smooth muscle cells, and has been reported to reduce target lesion revascularization (TLR) in PAD patients. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of cilostazol administration for long-term patency after PTA in HD patients. Methods: Consecutive 372 lesions of 193 HD patients undergoing successfully PTA were enrolled. They were divided into two groups; patients administered cilostazol (130 lesions of 71 patients) and those without cilostazol as a control (242 lesions of 122 patients). They were followed-up using Doppler ultrasound and/or angiography for 5 years. To minimize the selection bias for cilostazol administration, a propensity-matched analysis using the model including male, age, diabetes, critical limb ischemia (CLI), TASC C+D type, femoropopoliteal (FPA) lesion and stenting was performed. The propensity score was matched 1:1 with two-digit (AUC=0.69 using ROC analysis). Results: Mean follow-up period was 28±24months. Primary patency rate for 5 years was significantly higher in the cilostazol group than in the control group (53% vs 33%, p = 0.0003). Also, rates for freedom from TLR and for limb salvage were higher in cilostazol group than in control group (67% vs. 50%, p=0.011 and 88% vs. 72%, p =0.031, respectively). In 102 lesions matched after propensity score analysis, the primary patency for 5-year was significantly higher in the cilostazol group (58%) than in the control group (35%) (HR 0.48, 95%CI 0.30 – 0.76, p = 0.0017). Upon multivariate Cox analysis, Cilostazol (HR 0.50, 95%CI 0.26 – 0.87, p = 0.014), age (HR 1.03, 95%CI 1.01–1.07, p = 0.041), FPA lesion (HR 2.62, 95%CI 1.22–5.62, p = 0.013), TASC C+D type (HR 2.85, 95%CI 1.56 –5.20, p = 0.0006) and CLI (HR 4.09, 95%CI 2.10 –7.94, p <0.0001) were independent predictors of restenosis after PTA. Conclusion: These data suggest that cilostazol administration improves long-term patency after PTA in HD Patients with PAD.

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