Arbuscular Mycorrhizal and Dark Septate Endophyte Fungal Associations in South Indian Aquatic and Wetland Macrophytes

Investigations on the prevalence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungal symbioses are limited for plants growing in tropical aquatic and wetland habitats compared to those growing on terrestrial moist or dry habitats. Therefore, we assessed the incidence of AM and DSE symbiosis in 8 hydrophytes and 50 wetland plants from four sites in south India. Of the 58 plant species examined, we found AM and DSE fungal symbiosis in 21 and five species, respectively. We reported for the first time AM and DSE fungal symbiosis in seven and five species, respectively. Intermediate-type AM morphology was common, and AM morphology is reported for the first time in 16 plant species. Both AM and DSE fungal colonization varied significantly across plant species and sites. Intact and identifiable AM fungal spores occurred in root zones of nine plant species, but AM fungal species richness was low. Though no clear relationship between AM and DSE fungal colonization was recognized, a significant negative correlation between AM colonization and spore numbers was established. Our study suggests that the occurrence of AM and DSE fungal symbiosis in plants growing in hydrophytic and wetland habitats is not as common as in terrestrial habitats.

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Studies on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal association in some medicinal plant species of paithal hills, western ghats kannur district, kerala

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj.2020.19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 30-38

Author(s):

Santhoshkumar S ◽

Nagarajan N ◽

Sree Priya S

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Fungal Spores ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

The Family ◽

Spore Population ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

In the present study to analyzed that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores in root colonization and spore population in rhizosphere soils samples in various medicinal at Paithal hills,Western Ghats of Kannur district, Kerala, India. Root and rhizosphere soil samples were collected during the month of August, 2018-March, 2019 from the surface to 30 cm depth as well as pH were also recorded. Totally 30 plant species belonging to 19 families were collected and identified. The present result showed arbuscular mycorrhizal spore population in the rhizosphere soil and root colonization of all the plant species. A total of 19 AM fungal spores were recovered from the rhizosphere soil samples in this study region. The Glomus was dominant had seen in rhizosphere soil samples in all the medicinal plant species. The maximum spore population was found in the rhizosphere soil samples of Mimosa pudica (590/100g of soil) which belongs to the family Mimosaceae and the lowest spore population was observed in the Terminalia bellirica 135/100g of soil) belongs to Combretaceae family. The highest 78 % AM fungal colonization was found in roots of Euphorbia hirta belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae. While the lowest 11 % AM fungal colonization was found in the root of Sida acuta belongs to the family Malvaceae.

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Exploring plant root-fungal interactions in a neotropical freshwater wetland

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.2221 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (4) ◽

pp. 661-674

Author(s):

Jazmín Santillán-Manjarrez ◽

A. Penelope Solis-Hernández ◽

Patricia Castilla-Hernández ◽

Ignacio E. Maldonado-Mendoza ◽

Gilberto Vela-Correa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Column ◽

Plant Species ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Plant Roots ◽

Freshwater Wetland ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Dark Septate Endophyte ◽

Dry Conditions

Background: Wetlands in Neotropics harbor high fungal diversity, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE). This study describes the interaction of plant roots with AMF and DSE in a freshwater wetland belonging to a hotspot of biodiversity.Hypothesis: Differential root colonization between arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungi is influenced by plant species and abiotic conditions in a freshwater wetland. Studied species: Plant species colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungi.Methods: Properties of soils and the water column, floristic composition, root colonization by AMF and DSE, and molecular identification of AMF inside roots were studied.Results: Soils were Gleysol and flooded during the rainy season. Most of identified plant species were herbaceous, with Cyperus articulatus and Mimosa pigra as the dominant species. Seven of 8 analyzed plant species exhibited differential co-colonization between AMF and DSE. Repeated sampling for one year under flooding/dry conditions demonstrated that C. articulatus and M. pigra were mainly associated with DSE and AMF, respectively. A positive correlation between dissolved O2 in the water column and fungal colonization was observed in C. articulatus. Glomerales and Archaeosporales were molecularly identified inside roots containing arbuscules of M. pigra.Conclusions: Findings highlight differential coexistence between AMF and DSE in plant roots; fungal colonization was influenced by flooding/dry conditions in a neotropical wetland; the community of AMF inside arbusculated roots of M. pigra includes at least four clades.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte associations of medicinal plants

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.2011.033 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 285-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Szymon Zubek ◽

Janusz Błaszkowski ◽

Piotr Mleczko

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Glomus Mosseae ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Dark Septate Endophyte ◽

Glomus Versiforme ◽

Convallaria Majalis ◽

First Time

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) associations were studied in 36 medicinal plant species from 33 genera and 17 families, collected from the Botanical Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) was found in 34 species (94%); 26 were of the Arum-type, 4 – Paris and 4 taxa revealed intermediate morphology. The abundance of AMF hyphae in roots varied with particular species, ranging from 2.5% (Helianthus tuberosus) to 77.9% (Convallaria majalis). The mycelium of DSE was observed in 13 plant species (36%), however, the percentage of root colonization by these fungi was low. Spores of 7 AMF species (Glomeromycota) were isolated from trap cultures established from rhizosphere soils of the investigated plants: Archaeospora trappei (Archaeosporaceae), Glomus aureum, Glomus caledonium, Glomus claroideum, Glomus constrictum, Glomus mosseae, Glomus versiforme (Glomeraceae). Our results are the first detailed report of root endophyte associations of the plant species under study. Moreover, the mycorrhizal status of 14 plant species is reported for the first time.

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Mycorrhizal associations in Polylepis woodlands of Central Argentina

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b07-042 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 85 (5) ◽

pp. 526-531 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Eugenia Menoyo ◽

Alejandra G. Becerra ◽

Daniel Renison

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Plant Species ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

National Park ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Dark Septate Endophyte ◽

Central Argentina ◽

Mycorrhizal Associations ◽

Colonization Patterns ◽

First Time

Polylepis woodlands are one of the most threatened mountain ecosystems of South America, and their restoration is a high priority. To assess the mycorrhizal status in Polylepis woodlands of “Quebrada del Condorito” National Park (Córdoba Mountains, Central Argentina), we examined the roots of 22 plant species, belonging to 14 families and determined morphological types of arbuscular mycorrhiza (Arum and Paris type) and colonization level. The 22 species were colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes. Different arbuscular mycorrhizal structures and colonization patterns were observed, although Paris-type colonization was predominant. Fourteen plant species are reported for the first time as hosts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We conclude that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophyte hosts are widespread in the Polylepis woodlands of Central Argentina and should receive special attention in future revegetation programs.

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Mycorrhizal and dark septate fungal associations in gingers and spiral gingers

Botany ◽

10.1139/b10-021 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 88 (5) ◽

pp. 500-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Eswaranpillai Uma ◽

Thangavelu Muthukumar ◽

Kullaiyan Sathiyadash ◽

Vellaisamy Muniappan

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Root Length ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Intermediate Type ◽

Dark Septate Endophyte ◽

The Status ◽

Fungal Associations ◽

First Time

Associations of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungi with 38 ginger species (Zingiberaceae) and two spiral gingers (Costaceae) were investigated. All species were mycorrhizal, and the status of 35 gingers and one spiral ginger has been investigated for the first time. The extent of AM colonization and the root length colonized by AM structures varied significantly among species. AM structures were also observed in non-root portions such as scale leaves. Arbuscular mycorrhizae were of either Arum-type or intermediate- type; AM-type is reported for the first time in 37 species. Spores of 16 morphotypes belonging to 4 genera ( Glomus , Acaulospora , Scutellospora , Racocetra ) were identified from the rhizosphere soil. DSE colonization was found in 22 gingers and 2 spiral gingers. Twenty-two plant species are reported as hosts of DSE fungi for the first time. The extent of total AM and DSE colonization was not correlated.

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Endorhizal Fungal Association and Colonization Patterns in Solanaceae

Polish Botanical Journal ◽

10.1515/pbj-2017-0016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 287-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thangavelu Muthukumar ◽

Ramalingam Sathya

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Root Length ◽

Solanum Melongena ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Dark Septate Endophyte ◽

Datura Metel ◽

Site Variation ◽

Am Morphology ◽

Fungal Associations

AbstractThe Solanaceae family includes plants of high economic and medicinal value. Information on endorhizal associations in Solanaceae is limited. We investigated arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungal associations in 20 solanaceous plant species (7 genera) taken from one or more sites, measuring the percentage of root length colonized in plants having different AM and DSE fungal structures. Root samples of all the plant species examined had AM fungal structures, and DSE fungal colonization was found in 80% of the plant species. Total AM and DSE fungal colonization and root length of plants with different fungal structures varied significantly between species. Significant between-site variation was found for root length in plants with fungal structures in Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., Capsicum annuum L., Datura metel L., Solanum melongena L., S. nigrum L., S. trilobatum L. and S. torvum SW. AM morphology was predominantly intermediate-type (60%), followed by Paris-type (30%). Solanum melongena and S. nigrum at different sites had Paris-type or intermediate AM morphology. DSE fungal colonization also exhibited significant between-site variation in Capsicum frutescens, C. annum, Datura metel, Solanum melongena, S. trilobatum and S. nigrum. We found a significant negative correlation between AM and DSE fungal colonization.

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Peer Review #1 of "Hemiparasitic plants increase alpine plant richness and evenness but reduce arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization in dominant plant species (v0.1)"

10.7287/peerj.5682v0.1/reviews/1 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Peer Review ◽

Plant Species ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Alpine Plant ◽

Plant Richness ◽

Hemiparasitic Plants ◽

Dominant Plant Species ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

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Peer Review #1 of "Hemiparasitic plants increase alpine plant richness and evenness but reduce arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization in dominant plant species (v0.2)"

10.7287/peerj.5682v0.2/reviews/1 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Peer Review ◽

Plant Species ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Alpine Plant ◽

Plant Richness ◽

Hemiparasitic Plants ◽

Dominant Plant Species ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

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406 Plant Diversity Influences Effectiveness of Associated Arbuscular–Mycorrhizal Fungi

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.3.463a ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 463A-463

Author(s):

Rhoda Burrows ◽

Francis Pfleger

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Plant Diversity ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Fungal Spores ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Schizachyrium Scoparium ◽

Plant Host ◽

Little Bluestem

Growing a plant host in association with other plant species (i.e., increasing diversity) changes the composition of the associated arbuscular–mycorrhizal (AM) fungal community. We tested whether this alteration in the fungal community causes significant differences in the growth of Schizachyrium scoparium L. (Little Bluestem, a C4 grass) or Lespedeza capitata L. (Bush clover, a legume). Seedlings were transplanted into pasteurized soil inoculated with soil from monoculture plots of Schizachyrium or Lespedeza, respectively, vs. plots containing one, seven, or 15 additional plant species. Soil washes from a composite of the plots were added to all pots, including non-inoculated controls, to reduce differences in the non-AM microbial communities. Spore counts of the inoculum from Lespedeza plots showed increasing numbers of AM fungal spores and species richness with increasing plant diversity; this was not true with the Schizachyrium plots, possibly because Schizachyrium may be a better host to more species of AM fungi than Lespedeza. Both Schizachyrium and Lespedeza responded to inoculation with increased growth compared to non-inoculated controls. Tissue analyses of both species showed that inoculation increased the percentage of Cu, and lowered the percentage of Mn compared to control plants. Schizachyrium showed no significant differences in growth due to inoculum source (1-, 2-, 8-, or 16-species plots); while Lespedeza showed increases in root and shoot weights with increasing source-plot diversity.

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Fungal associations in gametophytes and young sporophytic roots of the fern Nephrolepis exaltata

Acta Botanica Croatica ◽

10.2478/v10184-011-0056-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 139-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Thangavelu Muthukumar ◽

Kandasamy Prabha

Keyword(s):

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Fungal Endophytes ◽

Fungal Spores ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Am Morphology ◽

Study Support ◽

Fungal Associations ◽

Hyphal Coils ◽

Young Sporophytes

Fungal associations in gametophytes and young sporophytic roots of the fernNephrolepis exaltataInformation is limited on the presence of endophytic fungal associations in green gametophytes and young sporophytes of extant ferns. Nothing is known about their presence in Polypodiales, the largest order among extant ferns. We screened chlorophyllous gametophytes and young sporophytes ofNephrolepis exaltata(L.) Schott., (Lomariopsidaceae, Polypodiales) growing naturally on soil, brick and coir for the presence of fungal endophytes. Gametophytes and young sporophytes growing on different substrates were invariably colonized by septate endophytic fungi. Hyaline or brown, regularly septate, inter- or intracellular hyphae with moniliform cells or microsclerotia characterized septate endophytic fungi. However, only the roots of young sporophytes growing on soil and bricks harboured arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The AM morphology conformed to the intermediate type with intracellular hyphal coils, arbusculate coils and intercellular hyphae. No AM fungal spores could be retrieved from the soil on which gametophytes and young sporophytes were growing. The observations in this study support the idea that the septate fungal endophytes could confer an ecological advantage on colonized individuals, especially on nutrient deficient substrates.

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