scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte associations of medicinal plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Zubek ◽  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Piotr Mleczko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Dark Septate Endophyte ◽  
Glomus Versiforme ◽  
Convallaria Majalis ◽  
First Time

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) associations were studied in 36 medicinal plant species from 33 genera and 17 families, collected from the Botanical Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) was found in 34 species (94%); 26 were of the <em>Arum</em>-type, 4 – <em>Paris </em>and 4 taxa revealed intermediate morpho­logy. The abundance of AMF hyphae in roots varied with particular species, ranging from 2.5% (<em>Helianthus tuberosus</em>) to 77.9% (<em>Convallaria majalis</em>). The mycelium of DSE was observed in 13 plant species (36%), however, the percentage of root colonization by these fungi was low. Spores of 7 AMF species (Glomeromycota) were isolated from trap cultures established from rhizosphere soils of the investigated plants: <em>Archaeospora trappei </em>(Archaeosporaceae), <em>Glomus aureum</em>, <em>Glomus caledonium</em>, <em>Glomus claroideum</em>, <em>Glomus constrictum</em>, <em>Glomus mosseae</em>, <em>Glomus versiforme </em>(Glomeraceae). Our results are the first detailed report of root endophyte associations of the plant species under study. Moreover, the mycorrhizal status of 14 plant species is reported for the first time.

scholarly journals Exploring plant root-fungal interactions in a neotropical freshwater wetland

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-674
Author(s):  
Jazmín Santillán-Manjarrez ◽  
A. Penelope Solis-Hernández ◽  
Patricia Castilla-Hernández ◽  
Ignacio E. Maldonado-Mendoza ◽  
Gilberto Vela-Correa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Freshwater Wetland ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Dark Septate Endophyte ◽  
Dry Conditions

Background: Wetlands in Neotropics harbor high fungal diversity, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE). This study describes the interaction of plant roots with AMF and DSE in a freshwater wetland belonging to a hotspot of biodiversity.Hypothesis: Differential root colonization between arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungi is influenced by plant species and abiotic conditions in a freshwater wetland.  Studied species: Plant species colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungi.Methods: Properties of soils and the water column, floristic composition, root colonization by AMF and DSE, and molecular identification of AMF inside roots were studied.Results: Soils were Gleysol and flooded during the rainy season. Most of identified plant species were herbaceous, with Cyperus articulatus and Mimosa pigra as the dominant species. Seven of 8 analyzed plant species exhibited differential co-colonization between AMF and DSE. Repeated sampling for one year under flooding/dry conditions demonstrated that C. articulatus and M. pigra were mainly associated with DSE and AMF, respectively. A positive correlation between dissolved O2 in the water column and fungal colonization was observed in C. articulatus. Glomerales and Archaeosporales were molecularly identified inside roots containing arbuscules of M. pigra.Conclusions: Findings highlight differential coexistence between AMF and DSE in plant roots; fungal colonization was influenced by flooding/dry conditions in a neotropical wetland; the community of AMF inside arbusculated roots of M. pigra includes at least four clades.

Mycorrhizal associations in Polylepis woodlands of Central Argentina

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Menoyo ◽  
Alejandra G. Becerra ◽  
Daniel Renison
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
National Park ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dark Septate Endophyte ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
Mycorrhizal Associations ◽  
Colonization Patterns ◽  
First Time

Polylepis woodlands are one of the most threatened mountain ecosystems of South America, and their restoration is a high priority. To assess the mycorrhizal status in Polylepis woodlands of “Quebrada del Condorito” National Park (Córdoba Mountains, Central Argentina), we examined the roots of 22 plant species, belonging to 14 families and determined morphological types of arbuscular mycorrhiza (Arum and Paris type) and colonization level. The 22 species were colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes. Different arbuscular mycorrhizal structures and colonization patterns were observed, although Paris-type colonization was predominant. Fourteen plant species are reported for the first time as hosts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We conclude that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophyte hosts are widespread in the Polylepis woodlands of Central Argentina and should receive special attention in future revegetation programs.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the Brda river valley in the Tuchola Forests

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Tadych ◽  
Janusz Błaszkowski
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
River Valley ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with 19 plant species from 12 families growing in the Brda river valley in the Tuchola Forests is presented. The most frequently investigated plans were those from the families <i>Cupressaceae</i> and <i>Plantaginaceae</i>. Examination of trap cultures established from rhizosphere soil-root mixtures of the plans sampled revealed 20 described species of AMF, two undescribed <i>Glomus</i> spp., and three species of the genus <i>Glomus</i> that were difficult to recognize. The dominating AMF were members of the genus <i>Glomus</i>. Among the AMF found, <i>G. claroideum</i> was present, a species recorded for the first time in Poland. The distribution in Poland and in the world of the AMF encountered is shown.

Mycorrhizal and dark septate fungal associations in gingers and spiral gingers

Botany ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eswaranpillai Uma ◽  
Thangavelu Muthukumar ◽  
Kullaiyan Sathiyadash ◽  
Vellaisamy Muniappan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
Dark Septate Endophyte ◽  
The Status ◽  
Fungal Associations ◽  
First Time

Associations of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungi with 38 ginger species (Zingiberaceae) and two spiral gingers (Costaceae) were investigated. All species were mycorrhizal, and the status of 35 gingers and one spiral ginger has been investigated for the first time. The extent of AM colonization and the root length colonized by AM structures varied significantly among species. AM structures were also observed in non-root portions such as scale leaves. Arbuscular mycorrhizae were of either Arum-type or intermediate- type; AM-type is reported for the first time in 37 species. Spores of 16 morphotypes belonging to 4 genera ( Glomus , Acaulospora , Scutellospora , Racocetra ) were identified from the rhizosphere soil. DSE colonization was found in 22 gingers and 2 spiral gingers. Twenty-two plant species are reported as hosts of DSE fungi for the first time. The extent of total AM and DSE colonization was not correlated.

Exploring the use of legumes as host plant species in Glomus mosseae sporulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monther Mohumad Tahat ◽  
Kamaruzaman Sijam ◽  
Kholoud Alananbeh
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Colonization Rate ◽  
Phaseolus Aureus ◽  
High Quality

The production of high quality, large scale, pathogen free and homogenous mycorrhizal inoculums are required for research purposes and soil bio-fertility. In the current study, a pot culture technique was followed to produce healthy quality and mass quantity of Glomus mosseae spores for research purposes. Five legumes plants were selected {(pea (Pisum sativum), broad bean, (Vicia faba) black eyed beans (Vigna unguiculata) soybean (Glycine max), and mung beans (Phaseolus aureus)}. The legumes were grown for two months under controlled conditions after pre-inoculated with healthy G. mosseae spores. The highest number of spores was counted in the mung beans rhizosphere and it was the best host in nodules weight production and root colonization rate. Soybeans produced the lowest spore’s number. It was found that the correlation between root colonization rate and spores number in the soil was positive. The rhizobium nodule weight was related positively with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores manipulations in the soil.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal and Dark Septate Endophyte Fungal Associations in South Indian Aquatic and Wetland Macrophytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Seerangan ◽  
Muthukumar Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Dark Septate Endophyte ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Fungal Symbiosis ◽  
Am Morphology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Wetland Habitats

Investigations on the prevalence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungal symbioses are limited for plants growing in tropical aquatic and wetland habitats compared to those growing on terrestrial moist or dry habitats. Therefore, we assessed the incidence of AM and DSE symbiosis in 8 hydrophytes and 50 wetland plants from four sites in south India. Of the 58 plant species examined, we found AM and DSE fungal symbiosis in 21 and five species, respectively. We reported for the first time AM and DSE fungal symbiosis in seven and five species, respectively. Intermediate-type AM morphology was common, and AM morphology is reported for the first time in 16 plant species. Both AM and DSE fungal colonization varied significantly across plant species and sites. Intact and identifiable AM fungal spores occurred in root zones of nine plant species, but AM fungal species richness was low. Though no clear relationship between AM and DSE fungal colonization was recognized, a significant negative correlation between AM colonization and spore numbers was established. Our study suggests that the occurrence of AM and DSE fungal symbiosis in plants growing in hydrophytic and wetland habitats is not as common as in terrestrial habitats.

scholarly journals Impact of Crude Oil on Functional Groups of Culturable Bacteria and Colonization of Symbiotic Microorganisms in the Clitoria-Brachiaria Rhizosphere Grown in Mesocosms

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Alarcón ◽  
Mariano García Díaz ◽  
Laura Verónica Hernández Cuevas ◽  
Rosalba Esquivel Cote ◽  
Ronald Ferrera-Cerrato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Oil Concentration

This research evaluated the changes on populations of culturable N-fixing free bacteria (NFFB) and P-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), as well as on the root nodulation by native rhizobia, the root colonization and spore number of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), in the rhizosphere of Clitoria ternatea and Brachiaria brizantha grown in mesocosms contaminated with crude oil (0, 3000, 6000, 9000, and 12000 mg kg-1), for 240 days. After 24 h of soil contamination, the highest populations of NFFB and PSB (5.5 and 4.9 LogUFC, respectively) were found in control, and the lowest populations were obtained at 12000 mg kg-1 (5.1 and 4.2 LogUFC, respectively). In contrast, at 60 and 240 days, the control showed lower populations of NFFB and PSB (5.4 and 4.8 LogUFC, respectively) than contaminated treatments. The highest number or root nodules in C. ternatea was quantified in control at 60 and 240 days (25 and 27 nodules, respectively) in comparison to those observed at the treatment with 12000 mg kg-1 (7 and 1 nodule, respectively). At 60 days, AMF colonization in both plant species, and the number of spores significantly decreased as the crude oil concentration increased; however, at 240 days, the highest number of AMF spores was recorded at treatments with 6000 and 12000 mg kg-1. The dry weight of both plant species significantly decreased as crude oil concentrations increased. Although C. ternatea was more susceptible to the toxic effects of crude oil, this plant species showed greater content of total chlorophyll than B. brizantha.

scholarly journals Growth, leaf gas exchange and mycorrhizal colonization of three medicinal species submitted to different irradiance levels

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Maria Barazetti ◽  
Eduardo Gross ◽  
George Andrade Sodré ◽  
Ândrea Carla Dalmolin ◽  
Larissa Corrêa do Bomfim Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Medicinal Species

ABSTRACT: This study o evaluated growth, leaf gas exchange and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi root colonization in three medicinal plant species under different irradiance intensities. Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) L.G.Lohmann, Mikania laevigata Sch.Bip. ex Baker and Varronia curassavica Jacq. were propagated by cutting and cultivated for 120 days in artificially shaded environments using black shade-type screens, obtaining four irradiance levels: 100%, 70%, 50% and 30%. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme (three plant species and four irradiation levels) with seven replicates. The three medicinal species showed higher liquid assimilation, mass growth and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi root colonization rates when exposed to environments with 70% light availability. In relation to physiological responses, V. curassavica presented higher photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration when submitted to 70% irradiance, being able to be cultivated in more open environments with higher irradiation levels. Conversely F. chica and M. laevigata presented shade tolerance characteristics. At the initial growth phase, the results obtained can be used as indicators to recommend the ideal cultivation environment for these species in agroforestry systems.

scholarly journals Potential Selection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Indigenous Ultisols through the Production of Glomalin

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
. Eddiwal ◽  
Amrizal Saidi ◽  
Ismon Lenin ◽  
Eti Farda Husin ◽  
Azwar Rasyidin
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Glomus Versiforme ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Colonization Ability ◽  
Selection Of

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF ) with plants able to increase the capacity of plants to absorb nutrients and water from the soil. Recently, research was indicated that AMF hyphae containing glomalin as a glycoprotein that serves to unify the dispersed soil particles. The content of glomalin in soil is positively correlated with soil aggregate stability. The research potential of AMF species indigenous of Ultisol Darmasraya District of West Sumatra and glomalin production in experimental pots of sterile sand medium has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of AMF species on Ultisol and to seeking indigenous AMF isolates that had the best glomalin production capability. AMF spores were isolated and identified from the rhizosphere soil of corn in Ultisol. AMF species that had been identified experimentally were tested in culture medium pot of sand and zeolite (w / w 1:1) using corn crops. The results found nine of the AMF species indigenous of Ultisol Darmasraya, namely Acaulospora scrobiculata, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus luteum, Glomus mosseae, Glomus verruculosum, Glomus versiforme, Scutellospora gregaria, Scutellospora heterogama and Gigaspora sp. AMF species that showed better colonization ability in corn was G. luteum, G. verruculosum and G. versiforme. All three species produced glomalin significantly higher than the other species, i.e. 1.29 mg g-1; 1.17 mg g-1; 1.15 mg g-1, respectively. [How to Cite: Eddiwal, A Saidi, I Lenin, EF Husin and A Rasyidin. 2014. Potential Selection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Indigenous Ultisols through the Production of Glomalin. J Trop Soils 19: 181-189. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.181]   

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