scholarly journals Decrease of PPARδin Type-1-Like Diabetic Rat for Higher Mortality after Spinal Cord Injury

PPAR Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chia Tsai ◽  
Kung-Shing Lee ◽  
Sheng-Hsien Chen ◽  
Li-Jen Chen ◽  
Keng-Fan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors

Changes in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-δ(PPARδ) expression in rats after spinal cord injury (SCI) have been previously reported. Diabetic animals show a higher mortality after SCI. However, the relationship between the progress of diabetes and PPARδin SCI remains unknown. In the present study, we used compressive SCI in streptozotocin-(STZ-) induced diabetic rats. GW0742, a PPARδagonist, was used to evaluate its merit in STZ rats after SCI. Changes in PPARδexpression were detected by Western blot. Survival rates were also estimated. A lower expression of PPARδin spinal cords of STZ-diabetic rats was observed. In addition, the survival times in two-week induction diabetes were longer than those in eight-week induction group, which is consistent with the expression of PPARδin the spinal cord. Moreover, GW0742 significantly increased the survival time of STZ rats. Furthermore, their motor function and pain response were attenuated by GSK0660, a selective PPARδantagonist, but were enhanced by GW0742. In conclusion, the data suggest that higher mortality rate in STZ-diabetic rats with SCI is associated with the decrease of PPARδexpression. Thus, change of PPARδexpression with the progress of diabetes seems responsible for the higher mortality rate after SCI.

scholarly journals RAR/RXR and PPAR/RXR Signaling in Spinal Cord Injury

PPAR Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabien van Neerven ◽  
Jörg Mey
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors ◽  
X Receptors ◽  
Physiological Reactions

The retinoid acid receptors (RAR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) have been implicated in the regulation of inflammatory reactions. Both receptor families contain ligand-activated transcription factors which form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXR). We review data that imply RAR/RXR and PPAR/RXR pathways in physiological reactions after spinal cord injury. Experiments show how RAR signaling may improve axonal regeneration and modulate reactions of glia cells. While anti-inflammatory properties of PPAR are well documented in the periphery, their possible roles in the central nervous system have only recently become evident. Due to its anti-inflammatory function this transcription factor family promises to be a useful target after spinal cord or brain lesions.

scholarly journals Does spinal cord injury influence the mortality rate in patients with necrotizing fasciitis?

Spinal Cord ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Citak ◽  
T Fehmer ◽  
M Backhaus ◽  
J Hauser ◽  
R Meindl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Cord Injury

Spinal cord injury and family caregivers: A description of care and perception of service need

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Foster ◽  
Delena Amsters ◽  
Glenys Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Cord Injury

As survival rates and life expectancies of individuals experiencing acquired disabilities such as spinal cord injury improve, greater demands are placed on health, rehabilitation and long-term care services. Further, family caregivers are assuming much of the caring responsibilities. This paper examines family caregiving in relation to individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in an Australian context. The paper is based on a descriptive survey conducted with 206 individuals with SCI, referred to a specialist SCI outreach service in Queensland, and 179 family caregivers. The survey collected social and demographic information and details of the type of care provided by family caregivers. It also explored family caregivers' perceptions of the types of services they require to assist them in their caring roles. Family caregiving typically involved physical, practical, and emotional support, and in many cases this occupied in excess of three hours a day, with no additional source of caregiving provided. The most frequently reported service types required by family caregivers included respite, personal support, information services, and health professional services. Mapping caregiver needs in this area establishes a critical basis for service planning and more importantly provides a guide for the development of a range of services dedicated to maintaining the health and well-being of family caregivers of individuals with SCI.

Evidence for the Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-β/δ in the Development of Spinal Cord Injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 333 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Paterniti ◽  
Emanuela Esposito ◽  
Emanuela Mazzon ◽  
Maria Galuppo ◽  
Rosanna Di Paola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Cord Injury

Curative-intent resection for bronchogenic carcinoma in patients with prior spinal cord injury: The Department of Veterans Affairs experience

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 17127-17127
Author(s):  
L. S. Brunworth ◽  
D. Dharmasena ◽  
K. S. Virgo ◽  
F. E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Bronchogenic Carcinoma ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Morbid Conditions

17127 Background: There are approximately 250,000 people with spinal cord injury (SCI) in the US, and they have a high prevalence of smoking. A literature search yielded no published information concerning the clinical course of SCI patients who subsequently develop bronchogenic carcinoma and undergo pulmonary resection for this condition. We hypothesized that poorer outcomes of surgery would be observed in this population, as compared to neurally-intact patients. Methods: We conducted a study of all veterans at Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) Medical Centers during fiscal years 1993–2002 who were diagnosed with SCI, subsequently developed non-small cell lung cancer and were then surgically treated with curative intent. Inclusion criteria included American Spinal Injury Association type A injury (complete loss of neural function distal to the injury site) and traumatic etiology. Data were compiled from national DVA datasets and supplemented by operative reports, pathology reports, progress notes, and discharge summaries. Results: Of 12,634 patients who underwent surgery for bronchogenic carcinoma, 55 also had codes for prior SCI; 7 were evaluable. The mean age was 64. Five (71%) had one or more co-morbid conditions in addition to their spinal cord injuries. All 7 underwent pulmonary lobectomy. Post-operative complications occurred in 4 patients (57%). Two patients died post-operatively on days 29 and 499, yielding a 30-day mortality rate of 14% and an in-hospital mortality rate of 29%. Conclusions: We believe this isthe only report in the English language literature on this topic. SCI patients with resectable bronchogenic carcinoma have a high incidence of co-morbid conditions. Those who undergo curative-intent surgery have high morbidity and mortality rates. This evidence suggests that SCI should be considered a risk factor for adverse outcomes of surgery for primary lung cancer, strengthening the case for alternative treatments. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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