scholarly journals A Debilitating Orthopaedic Complication following Corticosteroid Therapy for Polymyalgia Rheumatica

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Paul Rai ◽  
Vinay Takwale
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Mr Scanning

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the scaphoid secondary to corticosteroid use is a rare entity. Previous reports in the literature refer to chronic steroid intake. We report a case secondary to low dose, short term use. AVN has a multifactorial cellular and genetic aetiology and most frequently affects the femoral head. Diagnosis relies on a high index of suspicion and early magnetic resonance (MR) scanning. Treatment options are similar to those of traumatic scaphoid nonunions and include vascularised bone grafting and scaphoid excision. Polymyalgia Rheumatica is a common condition and its treatment is led by corticosteroid use. Mild to moderate strengths are advocated. However in our report we show that even with small doses serious adverse effects can be encountered.

Short-term, low-dose ACTH therapy in West syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Ramantani ◽  
M Tzitiridou ◽  
C Panteliadis
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
West Syndrome ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Acth Therapy

Bioactive Peptides Sensitize Cells to Anticancer Effects of Oxaliplatin in Human Colorectal Cancer Xenografts in Nude Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 512-522
Author(s):  
Xian Li ◽  
Long Xia ◽  
Xiaohui Ouyang ◽  
Qimuge Suyila ◽  
Liya Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Nude Mice ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hct 116

<P>Background: Despite new agent development and short-term benefits in patients with Colorectal Cancer (CRC), metastatic CRC cure rates have not improved due to high rates of oxaliplatin resistance and toxicity. There is an urgent need for effective tools to prevent and treat CRC and reduce morbidity and mortality of CRC patients. Exploring the effects of bioactive peptides on the antitumor to CRC was of vital importance to the clinical application. </P><P> Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic impact of Anticancer Bioactive Peptides (ACBP) on anticancer effect of oxaliplatin (LOHP) in human colorectal cancer xenografts models in nude mice. </P><P> Methods: HCT-116 cells were cultured in vitro via CCK-8 assays and the absorbance was measured at 450 nm. Apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed by Flow Cytometry (FCM) in vitro. HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells inoculated subcutaneously in nude mice of treatment with PBS (GG), ACBP, LOHP, ACBP+LOHP (A+L) in vivo. The quality of life was assessed by dietary amount of nude mice, the weight of nude mice, inhibition rates, tumor weight and tumor volume. Immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR method was conducted to determine the levels of apoptosisregulating proteins/genes in transplanted tumors. </P><P> Results: ACBP induced substantial reductions in viable cell numbers and apoptosis of HCT116 cells in combined with LOHP in vitro. Compared with the control GG group, ACBP combined low dose oxaliplatin (U) group demonstrated significantly different tumor volume, the rate of apoptosis, the expression levels of Cyt-C, caspase-3,8,9 proteins and corresponding RNAs (P<0.05). The expression of pro-apoptotic proteins in the cytoplasm around the nucleus was significantly enhanced by ACBP. Short term intermittent use of ACBP alone indicted a certain inhibitory effect on tumor growth, and improve the quality of life of tumor bearing nude mice. </P><P> Conclusion: ACBP significantly increased the anti-cancer responses of low dose oxaliplatin (L-LOHP), thus, significantly improving the quality of life of tumor-bearing nude mice.</P>

PREVENTING VENOUS THROMBOSIS (VT) WITH HEPARIN ALONE OR WITH HEPARIN/DIHYDROERGOTAMINE AFTER ELECTIVE HIP REPLACEMENT, A DOUBLE-BLIND, RANDOMISED, VENOGRAM END-POINT COMPARISON

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
J F Cade ◽  
K W Mills ◽  
A S Gallus ◽  
W Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
Sodium Heparin ◽  
End Point ◽  
Small Doses

Dihydro-ergotaraine (DHE) appears to be synergistic with small doses of hepari when used to prevent VT after general surgery. However, doubt remains whether DHEhas this effect in patients with elective hip replacement (THR). We have therefore compared the results of VT prophylaxis using sub-cutaneous (sc) low-dose heparinalone or sc heparin plus sc DHE in a double-blind, randomised, study of 126 patientshaving elective THR, 98 at centre (1)and 28 at centre (2).All received 5000 iu sodium heparin, hourly for 7 days, starting 2 hours before surgery at centre (1), or immediately after surgery at centre (2). Patients alsoreceived a separate 0.5 ml (0.5 mg) DHEorplacebo injection each time they receivedheparin. Patients had bilateral ascendingvenography on the 7th postoperativeday, and venograms were read before the treatment code was broken.These results do not support the presence of synergism between heparin and DHE in this situation.

scholarly journals Gorham Stout disease: a case report from Syria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asil Esper ◽  
Sami Alhoulaiby ◽  
Areege Emran ◽  
Safwan Youssef ◽  
Zuheir Alshehabi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Relative Improvement ◽  
Cellular Atypia ◽  
Pathologic Fractures

Abstract Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare entity that destroys the bone matrix resulting mainly in osteolysis, pain and pathologic fractures among a broader clinical picture. We report a case of a 60-year-old female with a sudden discovery of pathologic fractures in the pelvis and the absence of the left femoral head. On biopsy, no cellular atypia was found, instead disturbed bone formation with prominent vascularity with scattered foci of necrosis & osteolysis, which lead to the diagnosis of GSD. Possible differential diagnoses were discussed and excluded. The patient was put on Bisphosphonate that led to a relative improvement in the symptoms. This disease needs a more thorough investigation to identify the key cause, what is beyond the scope of this report.

scholarly journals Symposium report: breast cancer in India—trends, environmental exposures and clinical implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-575
Author(s):  
Jasmine A. McDonald ◽  
Roshni Rao ◽  
Marley Gibbons ◽  
Rajiv Janardhanan ◽  
Surinder Jaswal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Short Term

Abstract Purpose Incidence of breast cancer (BC), particularly in young women, are rising in India. Without population-based mammography screening, rising rates cannot be attributed to screening. Investigations are needed to understand the potential drivers of this trend. Methods An international team of experts convened to discuss the trends, environmental exposures, and clinical implications associated with BC in India and outlined recommendations for its management. Results Panels were structured across three major BC themes (n = 10 presentations). The symposium concluded with a semi-structured Think Tank designed to elicit short-term and long-term goals that could address the challenges of BC in India. Conclusion There was consensus that the prevalence of late-stage BC and the high BC mortality rates are associated with the practice of detection, which is primarily through clinical and self-breast exams, as opposed to mammography. Triple-Negative BC (TNBC) was extensively discussed, including TNBC etiology and potential risk factors, the limited treatment options, and if reported TNBC rates are supported by rigorous scientific evidence. The Think Tank session yielded long-term and short-term goals to further BC reduction in India and included more regional etiological studies on environmental exposures using existing India-based cohorts and case–control studies, standardization for molecular subtyping of BC cases, and improving the public’s awareness of breast health.

scholarly journals LOW DOSE CT SCAN FOLLOWING PERIACETABULAR OSTEOTOMY: ASSESSMENT OF REDUCTION AND CORRELATION WITH RADIOGRAPHIC MEASURES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0021
Author(s):  
Clarabelle DeVries ◽  
Jeffrey J Nepple ◽  
Lucas Fowler ◽  
Sean Akers ◽  
Gail Pashos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Periacetabular Osteotomy ◽  
Femoral Head Coverage ◽  
Edge Angle ◽  
Center Edge ◽  
Two Sectors ◽  
Posterior Sector ◽  
Center Edge Angle

Introduction: Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) has become a favored treatment for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia worldwide. Nevertheless, the parameters for optimal correction to avoid residual instability or iatrogenic impingement have not been defined. Purpose: The purposes of this study were (1) to assess the ability of PAO to correct femoral head coverage to normal ranges as measured by 3D CT scan and (2) to determine if postoperative radiographic parameters of dysplasia are accurate markers of optimal acetabular correction. Methods: A total of 43 hips (in 38 patients, mean 27.7 years, 88.4% female) were enrolled in this prospective cohort study at minimum 1 year after PAO. Postoperative femoral head coverage was assessed via low-dose CT and compared to normative data of asymptomatic hips from the literature. Anterior (3:00-1:15), lateral (1:00-11:00), and posterior (11:25-9:00) sector coverage was defined by averaging the coverage at 15 minute increments in each zone. Postoperative radiographs were utilized to measure lateral center edge angle (LCEA), anterior wall index (AWI), posterior wall index (PWI), and anterior center edge angle (ACEA). Good correction for each sector was defined as coverage from 1 SD below mean to 2 SD above mean. Results: Postoperatively, the anterior sector was normalized in 84% of hips, lateral sector in 84% of hips, and posterior sector in 86% of hips. Sixty-seven percent of hips were corrected to normative range in all three sectors and 19% were corrected in two sectors (86% in at least two sectors). LCEA and PWI showed the highest correlation with lateral and posterior sector coverage with Pearson’s correlation coefficients of 0.67 and 0.71 (p < 0.001), respectively. Weaker correlations were found between anterior coverage and the AWI and ACEA coverage (-0.16 and 0.15, respectively). Good correction was best correlated with the following target values for acetabular correction: LCEA 28°, AI 1°, AWI 0.37, ACEA 32°, and PWI 1.0. Conclusion: PAO can effectively normalize femoral head coverage compared to normative data. Good correction of each sector coverage ranged from 84-86% of cases. The proposed set of radiographic parameter targets were found to be reliable markers of femoral head coverage.

Specific impairments in visuospatial working and short-term memory following low-dose scopolamine challenge in healthy older adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 2476-2484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Thomas ◽  
Peter J. Snyder ◽  
Robert H. Pietrzak ◽  
Colleen E. Jackson ◽  
Martin Bednar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Healthy Older Adults

Cricotracheal separation: a review and a case with bilateral recovery of recurrent laryngeal nerve function

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J McCrystal ◽  
C Bond
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Open Repair ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Nerve Function ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Type Of Injury

Cricotracheal separation (CTS) is an uncommon injury, with a high index of suspicion required to establish the diagnosis. Computerized tomography (CT) plays a role in diagnosis but cannot necessarily be relied upon. Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsies are usually associated with this type of injury. We recently treated a patient with CTS in whom one RLN was intact from the time of the injury and the other nerve recovered within three months. Computed tomography was inconclusive.Early open repair of the injury and frequent follow-up examinations led to successful decannulation after six weeks and excellent short-term voice and airway outcomes.A detailed discussion of this unusual case is followed by a review of the current literature on CTS, with particular emphasis on significant management dilemmas and controversies.Clinical suspicion remains more sensitive than investigations in diagnosing CTS. Permanent bilateral RLN palsies are not inevitable following these injuries.

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