scholarly journals Advance of Molecular Imaging Technology and Targeted Imaging Agent in Imaging and Therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Yi Chen ◽  
Yi-Xiang Wang ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Jin-Shan Zhang ◽  
Feng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Imaging Agent ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Targeted Imaging ◽  
Imaging Technology ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Theranostic Applications

Molecular imaging is an emerging field that integrates advanced imaging technology with cellular and molecular biology. It can realize noninvasive and real time visualization, measurement of physiological or pathological process in the living organism at the cellular and molecular level, providing an effective method of information acquiring for diagnosis, therapy, and drug development and evaluating treatment of efficacy. Molecular imaging requires high resolution and high sensitive instruments and specific imaging agents that link the imaging signal with molecular event. Recently, the application of new emerging chemical technology and nanotechnology has stimulated the development of imaging agents. Nanoparticles modified with small molecule, peptide, antibody, and aptamer have been extensively applied for preclinical studies. Therapeutic drug or gene is incorporated into nanoparticles to construct multifunctional imaging agents which allow for theranostic applications. In this review, we will discuss the characteristics of molecular imaging, the novel imaging agent including targeted imaging agent and multifunctional imaging agent, as well as cite some examples of their application in molecular imaging and therapy.

ATL: A Preclinical Model of Spontaneous Ovarian Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Barua ◽  
Aparna Yellapa ◽  
Janice M. Bahr ◽  
Sergio A. Machado ◽  
Pincas Bitterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Imaging Agent ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Targeted Imaging ◽  
Ultrasound Signal ◽  
Prospective Monitoring ◽  
Signal Intensities

ObjectiveBecause of the lack of an effective early detection test, ovarian cancer (OVCA) in most cases is detected at late stages and remains a fatal gynecological malignancy. Molecular imaging provides information on the changes associated with the development of a disease at molecular levels. Because angiogenesis is an early event in tumor development, increased expression of αvβ3integrins by ovarian tumor–associated angiogenic microvessels provides a target for noninvasive ultrasound imaging to detect early-stage OVCA. The goal of this study was to examine the feasibility of αvβ3integrin–targeted molecular imaging agent in enhancing the detection of spontaneous ovarian tumor in laying hens, a preclinical model of OVCA.MethodsThe study was conducted in 2 phases, including a cross-sectional exploratory followed by a prospective monitoring of hens for 45 weeks with targeted ultrasound imaging. Changes in ultrasound signal intensity were determined before and after the injection of αvβ3integrin–targeted imaging agent in hens with spontaneous OVCA. All images were digitally stored. After scanning, ovarian tissues from all hens were collected and processed for histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies.ResultsUltrasound signal intensity was significantly (P< 0.001) higher in hens with early-stage OVCA than in normal hens and increased further in late-stage OVCA. Compared with that in normal cases, ultrasound signal intensities increased approximately 19-fold in early stage and 26-fold in late-stage OVCA. Differences in signal enhancement were not observed among different histologic subtypes of OVCA. Higher signal intensities from targeted imaging of ovarian tumors were associated with increased number of αvβ3integrin–expressing ovarian microvessels. Prospective monitoring of hens with αvβ3integrin–targeted imaging agent detected OVCA at early stage.ConclusionsThese results suggest that αvβ3integrin–targeted imaging agent enhanced the visualization of ovarian tumor–associated angiogenic microvessels in hens with early-stage OVCA and may form a foundation for clinical studies.

Synthesis and Evaluation of 18F-INER-1577-3 as a Central Nervous System (CNS) Histone Deacetylase Imaging Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 978-990
Author(s):  
Ming-Hsin Li ◽  
Han-Chih Chang ◽  
Chun-Fang Feng ◽  
Hung-Wen Yu ◽  
Chyng-Yann Shiue
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Authentic Sample ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Radiochemical Yield ◽  
Imaging Agent ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Synthesis Time

Background:: Epigenetic dysfunction is implicated in many neurologic, psychiatric and oncologic diseases. Consequently, histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitors have been developed as therapeutic and imaging agents for these diseases. However, only a few radiotracers have been developed as HDACs imaging agents for the central nervous system (CNS). We report herein the synthesis and evaluation of [18F]INER-1577-3 ([18F]5) as an HDACs imaging agent for CNS. Methods:: [18F]INER-1577-3 ([18F]5) was synthesized by two methods: one-step (A) and two-step (B) methods. Briefly, radiofluorination of the corresponding precursors (11, 12) with K[18F]/K2.2.2 followed by purifications with HPLC gave ([18F]5). The quality of [18F]INER- 1577-3 synthesized by these methods was verified by HPLC and TLC as compared to an authentic sample. The inhibitions of [18F]INER-1577-3 and related HDACs inhibitors on tumor cells growth were carried out with breast cancer cell line 4T1 and MCF-7. The whole-body and brain uptake of [18F]INER-1577-3 in rats and AD mice were determined using a micro-PET scanner and the data was analyzed using PMOD. Results: : The radiochemical yield of [18F]INER-1577-3 synthesized by these two methods was 1.4 % (Method A) and 8.8% (Method B) (EOB), respectively. The synthesis time was 115 min and 100 min, respectively, from EOB. The inhibition studies showed that INER-1577-3 has a significant inhibitory effect in HDAC6 and HDAC8 but not HDAC2. PET studies in rats and AD mice showed a maximum at about 15 min postinjection for the whole brain of a rat (0.47 ± 0.03 %ID/g), SAMP8 mice (5.63 ± 1.09 %ID/g) and SAMR1 mice (7.23 ± 1.21 %ID/g). Conclusion:: This study showed that INER-1577-3 can inhibit tumor cell growth and is one of a few HDACs inhibitors that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and monitor HDAC activities in AD mice. Thus, [18F]INER-1577-3 may be a potent HDACs imaging agent, especially for CNS.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Molecular Imaging Agents Targeting Bradykinin B1 and B2 Receptors

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Joseph Lau ◽  
Julie Rousseau ◽  
Daniel Kwon ◽  
François Bénard ◽  
Kuo-Shyan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Kinin System ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Molecular Imaging Agents ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
B2 Receptors ◽  
Tissue Trauma

Kinins, bradykinin and kallidin are vasoactive peptides that signal through the bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors (B1R and B2R). B2R is constitutively expressed in healthy tissues and mediates responses such as vasodilation, fluid balance and retention, smooth muscle contraction, and algesia, while B1R is absent in normal tissues and is induced by tissue trauma or inflammation. B2R is activated by kinins, while B1R is activated by kinins that lack the C-terminal arginine residue. Perturbations of the kinin system have been implicated in inflammation, chronic pain, vasculopathy, neuropathy, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. In general, excess activation and signaling of the kinin system lead to a pro-inflammatory state. Depending on the disease context, agonism or antagonism of the bradykinin receptors have been considered as therapeutic options. In this review, we summarize molecular imaging agents targeting these G protein-coupled receptors, including optical and radioactive probes that have been used to interrogate B1R/B2R expression at the cellular and anatomical levels, respectively. Several of these preclinical agents, described herein, have the potential to guide therapeutic interventions for these receptors.

scholarly journals Tri-functional platform for construction of modular antibody fragments for in vivo18F-PET or NIRF molecular imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1832-1838
Author(s):  
Raymond F. Gamache ◽  
Kirstin A. Zettlitz ◽  
Wen-Ting K. Tsai ◽  
Jeffrey Collins ◽  
Anna M. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Antibody Fragments ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Universal Approach

To provide a universal approach towards the targeted delivery of PET and optical imaging agents, we have developed a tri-functional platform (TFP) for the facile construction of modular, target-specific tracers.

scholarly journals Paired-Agent Fluorescence Molecular Imaging of Sentinel Lymph Nodes Using Indocyanine Green as a Control Agent for Antibody-Based Targeted Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyue Li ◽  
Xiaochun Xu ◽  
Nathan McMahon ◽  
Omar Alhaj Ibrahim ◽  
Husain A. Sattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Imaging Agent ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Cancer Spread ◽  
Kinetics Of

Purpose. Paired-agent molecular imaging methods, which employ coadministration of an untargeted, “control” imaging agent with a targeted agent to correct for nonspecific uptake, have been demonstrated to detect 200 cancer cells in a mouse model of metastatic breast cancer. This study demonstrates that indocyanine green (ICG), which is approved for human use, is an ideal control agent for future paired-agent studies to facilitate eventual clinical translation. Methods. The kinetics of ICG were compared with a known ideal control imaging agent, IRDye-700DX-labeled antibody in both healthy and metastatic rat popliteal lymph nodes after coadministration, intradermally in the footpad. Results. The kinetics of ICG and antibody-based imaging agent in tumor-free rat lymph nodes demonstrated a strong correlation with each other (r = 0.98, p<0.001) with a measured binding potential of −0.102 ± 0.03 at 20 min postagent injection, while the kinetics of ICG and targeted imaging agent shows significant separation in the metastatic lymph nodes. Conclusion. This study indicated a potential for microscopic sensitivity to cancer spread in sentinel lymph nodes using ICG as a control agent for antibody-based molecular imaging assays.

scholarly journals Preclinical Validation of the Heparin-Reactive Peptide p5+14 as a Molecular Imaging Agent for Visceral Amyloidosis

Molecules ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 7657-7682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Wall ◽  
Emily Martin ◽  
Tina Richey ◽  
Alan Stuckey ◽  
Sallie Macy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Imaging Agent ◽  
Molecular Imaging Agent
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