scholarly journals Treadmill Training Increases SIRT-1 and PGC-1αProtein Levels and AMPK Phosphorylation in Quadriceps of Middle-Aged Rats in an Intensity-Dependent Manner

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nara R. C. Oliveira ◽  
Scherolin O. Marques ◽  
Thais F. Luciano ◽  
José R. Pauli ◽  
Leandro P. Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Session ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Ampk Phosphorylation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Proteins

The present study investigated the effects of running at 0.8 or 1.2 km/h on inflammatory proteins (i.e., protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB) and metabolic proteins (i.e., protein levels of SIRT-1 and PGC-1α, and AMPK phosphorylation) in quadriceps of rats. Male Wistar rats at 3 (young) and 18 months (middle-aged rats) of age were divided into nonexercised (NE) and exercised at 0.8 or 1.2 km/h. The rats were trained on treadmill, 50 min per day, 5 days per week, during 8 weeks. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, muscles were removed, homogenized, and analyzed using biochemical and western blot techniques. Our results showed that: (a) running at 0.8 km/h decreased the inflammatory proteins and increased the metabolic proteins compared with NE rats; (b) these responses were lower for the inflammatory proteins and higher for the metabolic proteins in young rats compared with middle-aged rats; (c) running at 1.2 km/h decreased the inflammatory proteins and increased the metabolic proteins compared with 0.8 km/h; (d) these responses were similar between young and middle-aged rats when trained at 1.2 km. In summary, the age-related increases in inflammatory proteins, and the age-related declines in metabolic proteins can be reversed and largely improved by treadmill training.

scholarly journals Dendranthema zawadskii var. lucidum (Nakai) J.H. Park Extract Inhibits Cellular Senescence in Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Aging-Related Inflammation in Rats

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Jehun Choi ◽  
Gwi-Yeong Jang ◽  
Jeonghoon Lee ◽  
Hae-Young Chung ◽  
Hyung-Jun Noh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dendranthema Zawadskii ◽  
Beta Galactosidase

Senescence is the phenomenon by which physiological functions of organisms degenerate with time. Cellular senescence is marked by an inhibition of cell cycle progression. Beta-galactosidase accumulates in the lysosomes of aged cells. In this study, human dermal fibroblast cells (HDFs) were treated with 0.5 μM doxorubicin for 4 h to induce cellular senescence. Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity was then measured 72 h after treatment with aerial parts of Dendranthema zawadskii var. lucidum (Nakai) J.H. Park (DZ) extract. Treatment with DZ extract significantly decreased SA-β-gal activity in a dose-dependent manner in HDFs. Additionally, DZ extract treatment reduced age-related oxidative stress and inflammation in the aortas of aged rats. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in aortas of aged control rats were higher than those in young rats. However, DZ extract-fed aged rats showed significantly lower ROS levels than the aged control rats. When the aged rats were treated with DZ extract at either 0.2 or 1.0 mg∙kg−1∙day−1, NF-κB levels in aorta tissue decreased significantly compared to those in aorta tissue of the aged control rats without DZ treatment. In addition, DZ extract-fed aged rat aortas showed significant reductions in expression of iNOS and COX-2 induced by NF-κB translocation. Therefore, these results suggest that DZ effectively inhibited senescence-related NF-κB activation and inflammation. DZ extract may have a role in the prevention of the vascular inflammatory responses that occur during vascular aging.

Late-onset caloric restriction alters skeletal muscle metabolism by modulating pyruvate metabolism

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (11) ◽  
pp. E942-E949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiao-nan (Joyce) Chen ◽  
Shang-Ying Lin ◽  
Yi-Hung Liao ◽  
Zhen-jie Li ◽  
Alice May-Kuen Wong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Pyruvate Metabolism ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Dependent

Caloric restriction (CR) attenuates age-related muscle loss. However, the underlying mechanism responsible for this attenuation is not fully understood. This study evaluated the role of energy metabolism in the CR-induced attenuation of muscle loss. The aims of this study were twofold: 1) to evaluate the effect of CR on energy metabolism and determine its relationship with muscle mass, and 2) to determine whether the effects of CR are age dependent. Young and middle-aged rats were randomized into either 40% CR or ad libitum (AL) diet groups for 14 wk. Major energy-producing pathways in muscles, i.e., glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), were examined. We found that the effects of CR were age dependent. CR improved muscle metabolism and normalized muscle mass in middle-aged animals but not young animals. CR decreased glycolysis and increased the cellular dependency for OXPHOS vs. glycolysis in muscles of middle-aged rats, which was associated with the improvement of normalized muscle mass. The metabolic reprogramming induced by CR was related to modulation of pyruvate metabolism and increased mitochondrial biogenesis. Compared with animals fed AL, middle-aged animals with CR had lower lactate dehydrogenase A content and greater mitochondrial pyruvate carrier content. Markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, including AMPK activation levels and SIRT1 and COX-IV content, also showed increased levels. In conclusion, 14 wk of CR improved muscle metabolism and preserved muscle mass in middle-aged animals but not in young developing animals. CR-attenuated age-related muscle loss is associated with reprogramming of the metabolic pathway from glycolysis to OXPHOS.

Chlorpyrifos with age-dependent effects in cardiac tissue of male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Mesbahzadeh ◽  
Hossein Salarjavan ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Oxidative Modifications ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

: Age-dependent toxic effects of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) have not fully understood. Current study aimed to investigate the cardiotoxic damage of chlorpyrifos (CPF) by evaluating oxidative modifications in young (2-month old), middle-aged (10-month old), and aged (20-month old) rats. Five mg/kg of CPF was administered orally for 45 days to young, middle-aged, and aged male Wistar rats. At the end, animals were anesthetized and the heart of each rat was dissected for biochemical assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed in the cardiac tissue of rats. The results indicated an increase in the levels of MDA and NO, and also a decline in the levels of GSH and TAC as well as a decrease in the SOD activity in the heart of aged rats compared with young rats. CPF administration deteriorated these changes in the heart of exposed rats compared with the age-matched controls. Additionally, these oxidative modifications were more severe in aged rats versus other age. In conclusion, advancing age may increase oxidative changes in the heart of animals exposed to CPF. It is suggested that aging can affect cardiac toxicity induced by OPs.

scholarly journals Induction of G1 checkpoint in the gastric mucosa of aged rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (5) ◽  
pp. G929-G934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Qiang Xiao ◽  
Yingjie Yu ◽  
Ahmed Khan ◽  
Richard Jaszewski ◽  
Murray N. Ehrinpreis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Protein A ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Age Related ◽  
P53 Status

Although in Fischer 344 rats aging is found to be associated with increased gastric mucosal proliferative activity, little is known about specific changes in the regulatory mechanisms of this process. To determine whether changes in cell cycling events could partly contribute to the age-related rise in gastric mucosal proliferative activity, the present investigation examines changes in cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk2) activity and the regulation of this process in the gastric mucosa of Fischer 344 rats aged 4 (young), 13 (middle aged), and 24 (old) mo. We observed that aging is associated with a progressive rise in activity and protein levels of Cdk2 in the gastric mucosa. This is also found to be accompanied by a concomitant increase in cyclin E but not cyclin D1 levels. On the other hand, the levels of p21Waf1/Cip1 (total as well as the fraction associated with Cdk2), a nuclear protein that is known to inhibit different cyclin-Cdk complexes, are found to decline in the gastric mucosa with advancing age. In contrast, with aging, there was a steady rise in p53 levels in the gastric mucosa. We have also observed that the levels of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein, a form that participates in regulating progression through the S phase, are markedly elevated in the gastric mucosa of aged rats. In conclusion, our data suggest that, in the gastric mucosa, aging enhances transition of G1 to S phase as well as progression through the S phase of the cell cycle. However, the age-related decline in p21Waf1/Cip1 in the gastric mucosa appears to be independent of p53 status.

scholarly journals The Excitatory Peptide Kisspeptin Restores the Luteinizing Hormone Surge and Modulates Amino Acid Neurotransmission in the Medial Preoptic Area of Middle-Aged Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (8) ◽  
pp. 3699-3708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Neal-Perry ◽  
Diane Lebesgue ◽  
Matthew Lederman ◽  
Jun Shu ◽  
Gail D. Zeevalk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Gaba Release ◽  
Medial Preoptic Area ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Estrogen Positive Feedback

Reproductive success depends on a robust and appropriately timed preovulatory LH surge. The LH surge, in turn, requires ovarian steroid modulation of GnRH neuron activation by the neuropeptide kisspeptin and glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission in the medial preoptic area (mPOA). Middle-aged females exhibit reduced excitation of GnRH neurons and attenuated LH surges under estrogen-positive feedback conditions, in part, due to increased GABA and decreased glutamate neurotransmission in the mPOA. This study tested the hypothesis that altered kisspeptin regulation by ovarian steroids plays a role in age-related LH surge dysfunction. We demonstrate that middle-aged rats exhibiting delayed and attenuated LH surges have reduced levels of Kiss1 mRNA in the anterior hypothalamus under estrogen-positive feedback conditions. Kisspeptin application directly into the mPOA rescues total LH release and the LH surge amplitude in middle-aged rats and increases glutamate and decreases GABA release to levels seen in the mPOA of young females. Moreover, the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist MK801 blocks kisspeptin reinstatement of the LH surge. These observations suggest that age-related LH surge dysfunction results, in part, from reduced kisspeptin drive under estrogen-positive feedback conditions and that kisspeptin regulates GnRH/LH release, in part, through modulation of mPOA glutamate and GABA release.

scholarly journals Effects of β-adrenergic receptor agonists on drinking and arterial blood pressure in young and old rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (4) ◽  
pp. R1001-R1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Thunhorst ◽  
Connie L. Grobe ◽  
Terry G. Beltz ◽  
Alan Kim Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Rats

These experiments examined water-drinking and arterial blood pressure responses to β-adrenergic receptor activation in young (4 mo), “middle-aged” adult (12 mo), and old (29 mo) male rats of the Brown-Norway strain. We used isoproterenol to simultaneously activate β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors, salbutamol to selectively activate β2-adrenergic receptors, and the combination of isoproterenol and the β2-adrenergic receptor antagonist ICI 118,551 to stimulate only β1-adrenergic receptors. Animals received one of the drug treatments, and water drinking was measured for 90 min. About 1 wk later, animals received the same drug treatment for measurement of arterial blood pressure responses for 90 min. In some rats, levels of renin and aldosterone secretion in response to isoproterenol or salbutamol were measured in additional tests. Old and middle-aged rats drank significantly less after isoproterenol than did young rats and also had greater reductions in arterial blood pressure. Old and middle-aged rats drank significantly less after salbutamol than did young rats, although reductions in arterial blood pressure were equivalent across the ages. The β2-adrenergic antagonist ICI 118,551 abolished drinking after isoproterenol and prevented most of the observed hypotension. Renin secretion after isoproterenol and salbutamol was greater in young rats than in middle-aged rats, and wholly absent in old rats. Aldosterone secretion was reduced in old rats compared with young and middle-aged rats after treatment with isoproterenol, but not after treatment with salbutamol. In conclusion, there are age-related differences in β-adrenergic receptor-mediated drinking that can be explained only in part by age-related differences in renin secretion after β-adrenergic receptor stimulation.

scholarly journals Enhanced Calcium Buffering in F344 Rat Cholinergic Basal Forebrain Neurons Is Associated With Age-Related Cognitive Impairment

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 2194-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Murchison ◽  
Angelika N. McDermott ◽  
Candi L. LaSarge ◽  
Kathryn A. Peebles ◽  
Jennifer L. Bizon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cholinergic Basal Forebrain ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Forebrain Neurons ◽  
Firing Properties

Alterations in neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis are important determinants of age-related cognitive impairment. We examined the Ca2+ influx, buffering, and electrophysiology of basal forebrain neurons in adult, middle-aged, and aged male F344 behaviorally assessed rats. Middle-aged and aged rats were characterized as cognitively impaired or unimpaired by water maze performance relative to young cohorts. Patch-clamp experiments were conducted on neurons acutely dissociated from medial septum/nucleus of the diagonal band with post hoc identification of phenotypic marker mRNA using single-cell RT-PCR. We measured whole cell calcium and barium currents and dissected these currents using pharmacological agents. We combined Ca2+ current recording with Ca2+-sensitive ratiometric microfluorimetry to measure Ca2+ buffering. Additionally, we sought changes in neuronal firing properties using current-clamp recording. There were no age- or cognition-related changes in the amplitudes or fractional compositions of the whole cell Ca2+ channel currents. However, Ca2+ buffering was significantly enhanced in cholinergic neurons from aged cognitively impaired rats. Moreover, increased Ca2+ buffering was present in middle-aged rats that were not cognitively impaired. Firing properties were largely unchanged with age or cognitive status, except for an increase in the slow afterhyperpolarization in aged cholinergic neurons, independent of cognitive status. Furthermore, acutely dissociated basal forebrain neurons in which choline acetyltransferase mRNA was detected had the electrophysiological profiles of identified cholinergic neurons. We conclude that enhanced Ca2+ buffering by cholinergic basal forebrain neurons may be important during aging.

scholarly journals Hypotension- and osmotically induced thirst in old Brown Norway rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (1) ◽  
pp. R149-R157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Thunhorst ◽  
Terry G. Beltz ◽  
Alan Kim Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cellular Dehydration ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Middle Aged Adult ◽  
Norway Rats

Compared to young cohorts, old rats drink less water in response to several thirst-inducing stimuli. In these experiments, we characterized water drinking in response to hypotension and cellular dehydration in young (4 mo), middle-aged adult (12 mo) and old (29–30 mo) male Brown Norway rats. We injected the vasodilator, minoxidil as an intravenous bolus in a range of doses (0–20 mg/kg), so that drinking responses could be compared at equivalent reductions of arterial pressure. Old rats had greatly diminished reflex tachycardia and became significantly more hypotensive after minoxidil compared with young and middle-aged rats. When compared at equivalent reductions of arterial pressure, old rats drank one-third as much as middle-aged rats, and one-fifth as much as young rats. In addition, there were age-related deficits in drinking in response to a range of administered loads of sodium (0.15–2 M NaCl, 2 ml/100 g body wt). Urinary excretion of water and sodium in response to the loads was equivalent across ages. Both middle-aged and old rats were less able than young rats to repair their water deficits after sodium loading, attributable almost entirely to their reduced drinking responses compared with young rats. Lastly, age-related declines in drinking appeared to be more severe in response to hypotension than in response to cellular dehydration.

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