scholarly journals Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Role of Oleic Acid-Triggered Lung Injury and Inflammation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque ◽  
Adriana Ribeiro Silva ◽  
Patrícia Burth ◽  
Mauro Velho Castro-Faria ◽  
Hugo Caire Castro-Faria-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Edema Formation

Lung injury especially acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be triggered by diverse stimuli, including fatty acids and microbes. ARDS affects thousands of people worldwide each year, presenting high mortality rate and having an economic impact. One of the hallmarks of lung injury is edema formation with alveoli flooding. Animal models are used to study lung injury. Oleic acid-induced lung injury is a widely used model resembling the human disease. The oleic acid has been linked to metabolic and inflammatory diseases; here we focus on lung injury. Firstly, we briefly discuss ARDS and secondly we address the mechanisms by which oleic acid triggers lung injury and inflammation.

scholarly journals The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Clinical Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. García de Acilu ◽  
S. Leal ◽  
B. Caralt ◽  
O. Roca ◽  
J. Sabater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Omega 3

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is defined as the acute onset of noncardiogenic edema and subsequent gas-exchange impairment due to a severe inflammatory process. Recent report on the prognostic value of eicosanoids in patients with ARDS suggests that modulating the inflammatory response through the use of polyunsaturated fatty acids may be a useful strategy for ARDS treatment. The use of enteral diets enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) has reported promising results, showing an improvement in respiratory variables and haemodynamics. However, the interpretation of the studies is limited by their heterogeneity and methodology and the effect ofω-3 fatty acid-enriched lipid emulsion or enteral diets on patients with ARDS remains unclear. Therefore, the routine use ofω-3 fatty acid-enriched nutrition cannot be recommended and further large, homogeneous, and high-quality clinical trials need to be conducted to clarify the effectiveness ofω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals Colchicine reduces lung injury in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242318
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Dupuis ◽  
Martin G. Sirois ◽  
Eric Rhéaume ◽  
Quang T. Nguyen ◽  
Marie-Élaine Clavet-Lanthier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Acidosis ◽  
Neutrophil Recruitment ◽  
Cell Surface Expression

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by intense dysregulated inflammation leading to acute lung injury (ALI) and respiratory failure. There are no effective pharmacologic therapies for ARDS. Colchicine is a low-cost, widely available drug, effective in the treatment of inflammatory conditions. We studied the effects of colchicine pre-treatment on oleic acid-induced ARDS in rats. Rats were treated with colchicine (1 mg/kg) or placebo for three days prior to intravenous oleic acid-induced ALI (150 mg/kg). Four hours later they were studied and compared to a sham group. Colchicine reduced the area of histological lung injury by 61%, reduced lung edema, and markedly improved oxygenation by increasing PaO2/FiO2 from 66 ± 13 mmHg (mean ± SEM) to 246 ± 45 mmHg compared to 380 ± 18 mmHg in sham animals. Colchicine also reduced PaCO2 and respiratory acidosis. Lung neutrophil recruitment, assessed by myeloperoxidase immunostaining, was greatly increased after injury from 1.16 ± 0.19% to 8.86 ± 0.66% and significantly reduced by colchicine to 5.95 ± 1.13%. Increased lung NETosis was also reduced by therapy. Circulating leukocytosis after ALI was not reduced by colchicine therapy, but neutrophils reactivity and CD4 and CD8 cell surface expression on lymphocyte populations were restored. Colchicine reduces ALI and respiratory failure in experimental ARDS in relation with reduced lung neutrophil recruitment and reduced circulating leukocyte activation. This study supports the clinical development of colchicine for the prevention of ARDS in conditions causing ALI.

scholarly journals Oleic acid-based nanosystems for mitigating acute respiratory distress syndrome in mice through neutrophil suppression: how the particulate size affects therapeutic efficiency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang-Ping Yu ◽  
Fu-Chao Liu ◽  
Ani Umoro ◽  
Zih-Chan Lin ◽  
Ahmed O. Elzoghby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Essential Property ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background: Oleic acid (OA) is reported to show anti-inflammatory activity toward activated neutrophils. It is also an important material in nanoparticles for increased stability and cellular internalization. We aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of injectable OA-based nanoparticles for treating lung injury. Different sizes of nanocarriers were prepared to explore the effect of nanoparticulate size on inflammation inhibition. Results: The nanoparticles were fabricated with the mean diameters of 105, 153, and 225 nm. The nanocarriers were ingested by isolated human neutrophils during a 5-min period, with the smaller sizes exhibiting greater uptake. The size reduction led to the decrease of cell viability and the intracellular calcium level. The OA-loaded nanosystems dose-dependently suppressed the superoxide anion and elastase produced by the stimulated neutrophils. The inhibition level was comparable for the nanoparticles of different sizes. In the ex vivo biodistribution study, the pulmonary accumulation of nanoparticles increased following the increase of particle size. The nanocarriers were mainly excreted by the liver and bile clearance. Mice were exposed to intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), like lung damage. The lipid-based nanocarriers mitigated myeloperoxidase (MPO) and cytokines more effectively as compared to OA solution. The larger nanoparticles displayed greater reduction on MPO, TNF-α, and IL-6 than the smaller ones. The histology confirmed the decreased pulmonary neutrophil recruitment and lung-architecture damage after intravenous administration of larger nanoparticles. Conclusions: Nanoparticulate size, an essential property governing the anti-inflammatory effect and lung-injury therapy, had different effects on activated neutrophil inhibition and in vivo therapeutic efficacy.

A case of vaping-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring extracorporeal life support

Perfusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 026765912092563
Author(s):  
Sudhir Krishnan ◽  
Guramrinder Singh Thind ◽  
Mona Soliman ◽  
Leslie Tolle ◽  
Eduardo Mireles-Cabodevila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Extracorporeal Life Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Product Use

Introduction: An upsurge of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury has been reported in the United States. The potential role of extracorporeal life support in e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury merits consideration. Case report: We present a case of vaping-induced severe acute respiratory distress syndrome that was salvaged with extracorporeal life support and had excellent recovery. Discussion: The mechanistic reasons for the sudden outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury are under active investigation. A predominantly diffuse, bilateral pattern of lung injury has been reported, with some cases meeting the criteria for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. To date, 68 deaths from e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury have been confirmed by the centers of disease control. However, resolution of lung injury has been reported in most cases, thereby justifying candidacy for extracorporeal life support, if required. Conclusion: Extracorporeal life support can be successfully utilized as a bridge to recovery in vaping-induced severe acute respiratory distress syndrome.

scholarly journals There is blood in the water: hemolysis, hemoglobin, and heme in acute lung injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (4) ◽  
pp. L714-L718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Gaggar ◽  
Rakesh P. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Proinflammatory Responses

The major role of red blood cells (RBCs) is to deliver oxygen and remove carbon dioxide within organisms through the unique properties of hemoglobin. Although beneficial within RBCs, when outside hemoglobin and its breakdown products (heme, iron) induce proinflammatory responses affecting various cellular responses. Although these effects are considered to be prominent in disorders with increased hemolysis, recent evidence suggests that this process may be active in nonhemolytic disorders such as acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. This perspectives article focuses on data related to red cell products in nonhemolytic disorders and the potential to target these factors in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document