scholarly journals The Success of Cataract Surgery and the Preoperative Measurement of Retinal Function by Electrophysiological Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing An ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yusheng Wang ◽  
Zuoming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Multifocal Electroretinogram ◽  
Retinal Function ◽  
Central Point ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relevant Parameter ◽  
Macular Function ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Center Point ◽  
Cataract Patients

Purpose. To study the effect of different electrophysiological methods to evaluate retinal function prior to cataract surgery.Methods. Cataract patients who had no significant other eye disease were chosen. VA, pattern visual evoked potential (PVEP), electroretinogram (ERG), and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) responses were measured from 150 cataract patients and 20 control subjects.Results. When the preoperative VA was more than 0.3 in cataract patients, the amplitude of PVEP was not significantly different between cataract and control subjects. The amplitude of central point mfERG was significantly lower in cataract patients compared with control group from HM to 0.8 of preoperative VA. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the amplitudes of center point mfERG were calculated for a range of preoperative VA values. Most of the patients within 95% CI of the center point mfERG had a postoperative VA more than 0.5.Conclusions. The amplitude of central point mfERG in cataract patients was the most relevant parameter to the preoperative VA compared with PVEP and ERG. The 95% CI of the amplitude of central point mfERG for each level of VA could help to evaluate preoperative macular function which is used to predict the outcome of cataract surgery.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological Monitoring of Focal and Entire Retinal Function during Treatment with Intravitreal Methotrexate for Intraocular Lymphoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 277-282
Author(s):  
Takashi Matsushima ◽  
Yuji Yoshikawa ◽  
Airi Shimura ◽  
Ayana Yajima ◽  
Yui Ojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multifocal Electroretinogram ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Retinal Function ◽  
Intraocular Lymphoma ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Macular Function ◽  
Skin Electrodes

We describe the electroretinographic findings of a case of primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) wherein the patient received intravitreal injections of methotrexate (ivMTX). A 62-year-old man developed blurred vision and complained of decreased visual acuity (VA) in his right eye. Fundus examination showed vitreous opacity and multiple subretinal yellowish lesions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed subretinal and intraretinal infiltrations. The full-field electroretinogram (ffERG) showed subnormal combined rod-cone response and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) recorded using skin electrodes showed severe attenuation of the response compared with the other eye. Pars prana vitrectomy, phacoemulsification, and lens implantation were performed to remove the opacity, and vitreous biopsy revealed a high ratio of interleukin 10–6 (76.0). There was no systemic malignant lesion, and the patient was diagnosed with PIOL. Treatment with ivMTX (400 μg/0.1 mL) was started. One month later, the intraretinal infiltration had disappeared, and mfERG revealed recovery of the response density from the central area. Two months later, OCT showed recovery of the foveal ellipsoid and interdigitation zones, and VA recovered to 20/17; mfERG showed maintenance of macular function. However, the amplitude of a- and b-waves in the ffERG gradually decreased. Macular function recovered, but there was also a decrease in total retinal function. mfERG and ffERG recorded using skin electrodes were useful in monitoring macular and entire retinal function with repeated examinations and showed recovery and maintenance of macular function in a case of PIOL treated with ivMTX.

PP137 Toric Intraocular Lenses and Spectacle Independence: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
Derek O'Boyle ◽  
Caridad Perez Vives ◽  
Jan de Haan ◽  
Frank Ender ◽  
Rafael Busutil
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Intraocular Lenses ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Toric Iols ◽  
Cataract Patients

IntroductionAstigmatism is a common ocular condition that causes reduced visual acuity. The condition is highly prevalent in cataract patients, with preoperative astigmatism of at least 0.5 diopters being present in 78 percent of cataractous eyes. Residual uncorrected astigmatism after cataract surgery is associated with significant costs, primarily driven by the lifetime cost of spectacles (estimated at EUR 1,608 to EUR 3,608 in Europe). Toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) are a safe and effective way of correcting astigmatism, while also reducing the need for spectacles after cataract surgery. The objective of this review was to assess the published evidence relating to spectacle independence in patients implanted with toric IOLs, compared with those receiving non-toric IOLs with or without astigmatism reducing surgical interventions (SI).MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted of the EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases. Articles were selected if they included adult patients undergoing phacoemulsification who had age-related cataracts and preoperative regular corneal astigmatism of at least 0.5 diopters, and assessed spectacle independence as an outcome.ResultsSeven studies met the inclusion criteria: four randomized controlled trials and one non-randomized comparative study comparing toric IOLs with non-toric IOLs, and two randomized controlled trials comparing toric IOLs with non-toric IOLs plus SI. Spectacle independence was evaluated as the number of patients who reported not requiring spectacles for distance viewing at 3 or 6 months. Figures for spectacle independence ranged from 60 to 100 percent for toric IOLs, 31 to 50 percent for non-toric IOLs, and 36 to 65 percent for non-toric IOLs plus SI. In each study, toric IOLs demonstrated superior spectacle independence compared with the control group.ConclusionsThe benefits of toric IOL implantation for astigmatic cataract patients included a higher rate of spectacle independence, compared with non-toric IOLs with or without SI. For this group of patients, the lifetime economic burden of spectacle acquisition costs can be reduced with the implantation of toric IOLs during cataract surgery.

scholarly journals Psychological Traits and Behavioural Influences in Patients with Dystonia—An Observational Cohort Study in a Romanian Neurology Department

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Eugenia Irene Davidescu ◽  
Irina Odajiu ◽  
Delia Tulbă ◽  
Iulia Mitrea ◽  
Camelia Cucu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Idiopathic Dystonia

(1) Background: Emerging evidence indicates that non-motor symptoms significantly influence the quality of life in dystonic patients. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate their psychological characteristics and personality traits. (2) Methods: Subjects with idiopathic dystonia and a matched control group were enrolled in this prospective observational cohort study. Inclusion criteria for patient group included idiopathic dystonia diagnosis, evolution exceeding 1 year, and signed informed consent. Inclusion criteria for the control group included lack of neurological comorbidities and signed informed consent. All subjects completed the DECAS Personality Inventory along with an additional form of demographic factors. Data (including descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate analysis) were analyzed with SPSS. (3) Results: In total, 95 participants were included, of which 57 were in the patient group. Females prevailed (80%), and the mean age was 54.64 ± 12.8 years. The most frequent clinical features of dystonia were focal distribution (71.9%) and progressive disease course (94.73%). The patients underwent regular treatment with botulinum toxin (85.95%). In addition, patients with dystonia obtained significantly higher openness scores than controls, even after adjusting for possible confounders (p = 0.006). Personality traits were also different between the two groups, with patients more often being fantasists (p = 0.007), experimenters (p = 0.022), sophists (p = 0.040), seldom acceptors (p = 0.022), and pragmatics (p = 0.022) than control subjects. (4) Conclusion: Dystonic patients tend to have different personality profiles compared to control subjects, which should be taken into consideration by the treating neurologist.

scholarly journals Circulating tumour DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis using digital droplet PCR

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006052199296
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Yanjun Diao ◽  
Jiayun Liu ◽  
Jinjie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Droplet Pcr ◽  
Healthy Control

Objective To evaluate the performance of a DNA methylation-based digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay to detect aberrant DNA methylation in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and to determine its application in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The present study recruited patients with liver-related diseases and healthy control subjects. Blood samples were used for the extraction of cfDNA, which was then bisulfite converted and the extent of DNA methylation quantified using a ddPCR platform. Results A total of 97 patients with HCC, 80 healthy control subjects and 46 patients with chronic hepatitis B/C virus infection were enrolled in the study. The level of cfDNA in the HCC group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group. For the detection of HCC, based on a cut-off value of 15.7% for the cfDNA methylation ratio, the sensitivity and specificity were 78.57% and 89.38%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was 85.27%, the positive predictive value was 81.91% and the negative predictive value was 87.20%. The positive likelihood ratio of 15.7% in HCC diagnosis was 7.40, while the negative likelihood ratio was 0.24. Conclusions A sensitive methylation-based assay might serve as a liquid biopsy test for diagnosing HCC.

scholarly journals Assessment of Macular Function by Multifocal Electroretinogram in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fingolimod

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucilla Barbano ◽  
Lucia Ziccardi ◽  
Doriana Landi ◽  
Carolina Gabri Nicoletti ◽  
Giorgia Mataluni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Multifocal Electroretinogram ◽  
Macular Function

scholarly journals Emotional and Neurobehavioural Status in Chronic Pain Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Shuchang ◽  
He Mingwei ◽  
Jia Hongxiao ◽  
Wu Si ◽  
Yang Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Lower Back Pain ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Pain Patients

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the emotional and neurobehavioural status of patients suffering from chronic pain.METHODS: Fifteen male patients with chronic lower back pain and 15 healthy control subjects were studied for approximately six months. Pain was measured using a visual analogue scale. The WHO Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (NCTB) was used to assess neurobehavioural effects of environmental and occupational exposures.RESULTS: Visual analogue scale results demonstrated a modest range of reported pain (mean [± SD] 62.0±10.8) in chronic pain patients, whereas control subjects reported no measurable pain. With the NCTB, it was found that scores of negative mood state, including anger-hostility, depression-dejection, fatigue-inertia and tension-anxiety in pain patients were significantly higher than scores in the control subjects. By contrast, scores of positive mood state (vigour-activity) in chronic pain patients were lower than those in the control group. The NCTB scores of the Santa Ana Dexterity and Pursuit Aiming II tests in chronic lower back pain patients were lower than those of the control group. Scores for other NCTB sub-tests, including the Digit Span, Benton Visual Retention and Digit Symbol tests, were not significantly different compared with controls.CONCLUSIONS: Chronic lower back pain patients had more negative mood and less positive mood than controls. These patients also demonstrated neuromotor deficits in coordination and reaction time. Further studies are required to examine possible neurological mechanisms and research potential intervention strategies for patients suffering from chronic pain.

scholarly journals Analysis of corneal astigmatism and aberration in chinese congenital cataract and developmental cataract patients before cataract surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Han ◽  
Qi Fan ◽  
Zhixiang Hua ◽  
Xiaodi Qiu ◽  
Dongjin Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Congenital Cataract ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Developmental Cataract ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Cataract Patients

Abstract Background To investigate the distribution of corneal astigmatism, aberration, and biometric parameters in Chinese congenital cataract (CC) /developmental cataract patients before cataract surgery. Methods We evaluated eyes of CC /developmental cataract patients scheduled for cataract surgery from January 2016 to September 2019. Astigmatism, aberrations, and biometric parameters were measured with the Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging device (Pentacam HR, Oculus). Cataract was diagnosed and classified by slit-lamp examination after full mydriasis. Results We evaluated 538 eyes in 356 patients. The mean values of anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA), posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA), and total corneal astigmatism (TCA) were determined as 1.98 ± 1.06 D (range 0.0‒4.8 D), 0.49 ± 0.26 D (range 0.0‒1.9 D), and 2.09 ± 1.19 D (range 0.2‒8.8 D), respectively. ACA and TCA ≥ 1.25 D was present in 379 eyes (70.3%) and 392 eyes (72.8%), respectively. PCA between 0.25 D and 0.75 D was found in 380 eyes (70.6%). There was a statistically significant positive linear correlation between lower-order aberrations root mean square values (LOA RMS) and corneal astigmatism (CA). Furthermore, in terms of distribution of central cornea thickness, anterior chamber depth, ACA, PCA, and TCA in different types of cataracts, ACA was highest in patients with zonular cataracts. Finally, we found anterior corneal measurements may overestimate WTR astigmatism, underestimate ATR astigmatism, and underestimate oblique astigmatism, respectively. Conclusions Most CC /developmental cataract patients had moderate to high astigmatism and ACA accounted for the largest proportion in the zonular group. This can provide a basis for planning of CC/developmental cataract surgery by ophthalmologists in clinical practice.

Electroretinography in Neonates Treated With Phototherapy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Kalavathi Bhupathy ◽  
Ramasamy Sethupathy ◽  
Rosita S. Pildes ◽  
Alexander A. Constantaras ◽  
John H. Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Retinal Function ◽  
Control Group

Electroretinographic (ERG) studies were performed in 22 normal control newborns and 28 neonates who had had phototherapy during the first few days of life. Mean age at ERG testing was 16.8 ± 2.9 days in the phototherapy group and 16.4 ± 3.7 days in the control group. Results of routine funduscopy were normal in both groups. Amplitudes of a and b waves under dark- and light-adapted states were similar in both groups. Phototherapy did not appear to have deleterious effects on photopic and scotopic retinal function in infants whose eyes were adequately shielded.

Coronary Inflammation Assessed by Perivascular Fat Attenuation Index in Patients with Psoriasis: A Propensity Score-Matched Study

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wenrui Bao ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Zhihan Xu ◽  
Fuhua Yan ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Atherosclerotic Burden ◽  
Attenuation Index ◽  
Perivascular Fat

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study aimed to evaluate coronary inflammation by measuring the perivascular fat attenuation index (FAI) and quantify the atherosclerosis burden in patients with psoriasis and control individuals without psoriasis based on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) images. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 98 consecutive patients with psoriasis (76 male [77.6%], aged 56.5 years, range 45.5–65.0) were recruited, and 196 patients (157 male [80.1%]; aged 54.6 ± 14.1 years) without established cardiovascular disease (CVD) who underwent CCTA within the same period were enrolled in the control group. Coronary plaque burden was quantified using the computed tomography-adapted Leaman score (CT-LeSc), and the FAI surrounding the proximal of three main epicardial vessels was measured to represent coronary inflammation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients with psoriasis and the control subjects were well matched in CVD risk factors (all <i>p</i> &#x3e; 0.05). Psoriasis patients had a greater overall CT-LeSc (5.86 vs. 4.69, <i>p</i> = 0.030) and lower perivascular FAI (−80.19 ± 7.48 vs. −78.14 ± 7.81 HU, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). A similar result was found upon comparing psoriasis patients without biological or statin therapy with non-psoriasis individuals without statin treatments. Furthermore, the psoriasis group had a higher prevalence of non-calcified plaques (30.3% in the psoriasis group vs. 20.1% in the control subjects, <i>p</i> = 0.001). No difference in perivascular FAI on either calcified and mixed plaques or non-calcified plaques between the two groups was found. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Patients with psoriasis have a higher atherosclerotic burden as quantified by CT-LeSc and less coronary inflammation as detected by perivascular FAI around the most proximal of the three major epicardial vessels. The usefulness of perivascular FAI for evaluating coronary inflammation in patients with chronic low-grade inflammatory disease such as psoriasis should be verified.

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