Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Characteristics of the Femoral Canal Isthmus: An Anatomical Study

Purpose. To establish a new approach for measuring and locating the femoral intramedullary canal isthmus in 3-dimensional (3D) space.Methods. Based on the computed tomography data from 204 Chinese patients, 3D models of the whole femur and the corresponding femoral isthmus tube were reconstructed using Mimics software (Materialise, Haasrode, Belgium). The anatomical parameters of the femur and the isthmus, including the femur length and radius, and the isthmus diameter and height, were measured accordingly.Results. The mean ratio of the isthmus height versus the femoral height was 55 ± 4.8%. The mean diameter of the isthmus was 10.49 ± 1.52 mm. The femoral length, the isthmus diameter, and the isthmus tube length were significantly larger in the male group. Significant correlations were observed between the femoral length and the isthmus diameter (r=0.24,p<0.01) and between the femoral length and the isthmus height (r=0.6,p<0.01). Stepwise linear regression analyses demonstrated that the femoral length and radius were the most important factors influencing the location and dimension of the femoral canal isthmus.Conclusion. The current study developed a new approach for measuring the femoral canal and for optimization of customer-specific femoral implants.

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Anatomical Study of the Clavicles in a Chinese Population

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/6219761 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xu-sheng Qiu ◽

Xiao-bo Wang ◽

Yan Zhang ◽

Yan-Cheng Zhu ◽

Xia Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Population ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Anatomical Studies ◽

Intramedullary Canal ◽

Significant Difference ◽

New Development ◽

Clavicle Fractures ◽

The Mean ◽

Two Sides

Background. A reemergence of interest in clavicle anatomy was prompted because of the advocacy for operative treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures. Several anatomical studies of the clavicle have been performed in western population. However, there was no anatomical study of clavicle in Chinese population.Patients and Methods. 52 patients were included in the present study. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the clavicles were generated. The length of the clavicle, the widths and thicknesses of the clavicle, curvatures of the clavicle, the areas of the intramedullary canal, and sectional areas of the clavicle were measured. All the measurements were compared between genders and two sides.Results. The mean length of the clavicles was144.2±12.0 mm. Clavicles in males were longer, wider, and thicker than in females; also males have different curvatures in both planes compared with females. The men’s intramedullary canals and sectional areas of the clavicle were larger than those of women. No significant difference between the sides was found for all the measurements.Conclusion. This study provided an anatomical data of the clavicle in a Chinese population. These clavicle dimensions can be applied to the modifications of the contemporary clavicle plate or a new development for the Chinese population.

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Digital anatomical study of screw placement for quadrilateral plate through the middle window of ilioinguinal approach

10.21203/rs.2.16062/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Bei Zhao ◽

Weidong Mu

Keyword(s):

Inclination Angle ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Screw Placement ◽

Insertion Point ◽

Ilioinguinal Approach ◽

Quadrilateral Plate ◽

Dimensional Reconstruction ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Screw placement directly for quadrilateral plate fractures of the acetabulum is very difficult. This study was performed to simulate the surgical procedure and try to obtain effective and safe screw angles through the middle window of ilioinguinal approach in Chinese patients. Methods We randomly collected the pelvic computed tomography (CT) scans of 50 adults. DICOM-formatted CT-scan images were imported into Mimics software. The three-dimensional reconstruction (3D) digital model of the semi-pelvic was established. In the coronal and sagittal planes, a 3.5 mm cylinder was used to simulate the pathway of the screw from the designated insertion point. The angles of insertion and intersex differences were explored by statistical analyses. Results The screws could be inserted via four angles: medial inclination, lateral inclination, anterior inclination and posterior inclination. The mean minimum medial inclination angle (MIMIA) of insertion point A was 4.96°±1.11° in males and 8.66°±3.40° in females, and the intersex difference was significant. The mean minimum medial inclination angle (MIMIA) of insertion point C was -5.31°±3.69° in males and 1.75°±8.95° in females, and the intersex difference was significant. There were no differences in all the angles between males and females in insertion point B. Conclusions Preoperative measurement and calculation by digital tools before the screw placement for quadrilateral plate fractures of the acetabulum are feasible. Double cortical screws could be placed safely through the middle window of ilioinguinal approach to increase the stability of acetabulum.

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Digital anatomical study and clinical application of screw placement for quadrilateral plate fractures in the danger zone

10.21203/rs.2.16062/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bei Zhao ◽

Zhongye Sun ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Zhongbao Xu ◽

Xiaofei Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inclination Angle ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Screw Placement ◽

Insertion Point ◽

Danger Zone ◽

Ilioinguinal Approach ◽

Quadrilateral Plate ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Direct screw placement for quadrilateral plate fractures in the danger zone of the acetabulum is very difficult. This study was performed to simulate the surgical procedure and try to obtain effective and safe screw angles through the middle window of the ilioinguinal approach in Chinese patients. Methods We randomly collected the pelvic computed tomography (CT) scans of 50 adults. DICOM-formatted CT-scan images were imported into Mimics software. The three-dimensional reconstruction (3D) digital model of the semi-pelvi s was established. A 3.5 mm cylinder was used to simulate the pathway of the screw from the designated insertion point . The angles of insertion and intersex differences were explored by statistical analyses. Results The screws could be inserted via three angles: medial inclination , anterior inclination and posterior inclination. The mean minimum medial inclination angle (MIMIA) of insertion point A was 4.96°±1.11° in males and 8.66°±3.40° in females, and the intersex difference was significant. The mean minimum medial inclination angle (MIMIA) of insertion point B was -5.31°±3.69° in males and 1.75°±8.95° in females, and the intersex difference was significant. There were no differences between any of the angles for males and females at insertion point O. Conclusions Preoperative measurement and calculation by digital tools before screw placement for quadrilateral plate fractures of the acetabulum are feasible. Double cortical screws could be placed safely in the danger zone through the middle window of the ilioinguinal approach to increase the stability of the acetabulum.

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Segmental Femoral Ostectomy for the Reconstruction of Femoropatellar Joint in Dogs with Grade IV Medial Patellar Luxation

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1709466 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (04) ◽

pp. 287-293

Author(s):

Yukari Nagahiro ◽

Sawako Murakami ◽

Keiji Kamijo ◽

Masakazu Shimada ◽

Nobuo Kanno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Muscle Length ◽

Varus Deformity ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Quadriceps Muscle ◽

Radiographic Findings ◽

Femoral Length ◽

Surgical Methods ◽

The Mean ◽

Resected Femoral

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to describe a new surgical method of segmental femoral ostectomy for the reconstruction of the femoropatellar joint (FPJ) in dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) grade IV. Study Design The medical records of six dogs that underwent segmental femoral ostectomy to reconstruct the FPJ for MPL grade IV were retrospectively reviewed. The data included breed, age, body weight, comorbidities, history of orthopaedic abnormalities, pre- and postoperative radiographic findings, morphological indicators measured on three-dimensional computed tomographic multiplanar reconstruction images, surgical methods and postoperative complications. Outcomes Eleven hindlimbs with MPL grade IV in six dogs underwent segmental femoral ostectomy to reconstruct the FPJ with the four basic surgical procedures. Six stifle joints with femoral varus deformity were treated by closing wedge ostectomy and segmental ostectomy, while five stifle joints were treated by segmental ostectomy alone. The mean resected femoral length was 11.7 mm. The mean resected femoral length relative to the preoperative femoral length was 14.3%. The stability and congruity of the FPJ was markedly improved, with an increased range of motion in all dogs compared with their preoperative status. Conclusion Segmental femoral ostectomy was a useful treatment method for MPL grade IV with shortened quadriceps muscle length relative to the femoral length. Reconstruction of the FPJ is important for recovery of limb function.

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INTRA-RATER AND INTER-RATER RELIABILITY STUDY OF A MEASUREMENT METHOD FOR THE PATHWAY OF THE SUPRASPINATUS INTRAMUSCULAR TENDON BY 3.0 TESLA MRI IMAGES: THE SHEAR FORCE ANGLE ANTERIOR POSTERIOR

Journal of Musculoskeletal Research ◽

10.1142/s0218957718500094 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (02) ◽

pp. 1850009

Author(s):

Yohei Kanno ◽

Hajime Toda ◽

Tsutomu Horiuchi ◽

Masaki Katayose

Keyword(s):

Shear Force ◽

Measurement Method ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

3.0 Tesla ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

The Mean ◽

Anterior Posterior

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of a measurement method for the pathway of the supraspinatus intramuscular tendon by 3.0 tesla MRI images. Methods: The scapula and intramuscular tendon extraction DICOM data was made to extract only a scapula domain and intramuscular tendon domain. The shear force angle anterior posterior (SFA-AP) was measured as the pathway of supraspinatus intramuscular tendon with respect to the glenoid plane on three-dimensional (3D) models of the bone and intramuscular tendon. SFA-AP of supraspinatus was measured on 3D models of the bone and intramuscular tendon. The mean and standard deviation of SFA-AP of supraspinatus was calculated. Intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability were evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), the standard error of the mean (SEM) and the minimal detectable change (MDC). Inter-rater reliability was evaluated by three raters. Results: As for intra-rater reliability, SFA-AP of supraspinatus measured averaged [Formula: see text], with ICC (1,1) of 0.978, with ICC (1,3) of 0.993, with SEM of 0.53, with MDC of 1.46[Formula: see text]. As for inter-rater reliability, SFA-AP of supraspinatus measured averaged [Formula: see text] (rater1), SFA-AP measured averaged [Formula: see text] (rater2), SFA-AP measured averaged [Formula: see text] (rater3), with ICC (2,1) of 0.896, with ICC (2,3) of 0.963, with SEM of 1.11, with MDC of 3.09[Formula: see text]. Conclusions: 3D models of the bone and intramuscular tendon were evaluated as intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities. SFA-AP of supraspinatus is guaranteed by one measurement.

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Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Curvature of the Femoral Canal in 426 Chinese Femurs

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/318391 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xiu-Yun Su ◽

Zhe Zhao ◽

Jing-Xin Zhao ◽

Li-Cheng Zhang ◽

An-Hua Long ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sagittal Plane ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Medullary Canal ◽

Femoral Length ◽

3D Space ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

And Gender ◽

Banking Angle ◽

Anatomical Parameters

Purpose. The human femur has long been considered to have an anatomical anterior curvature in the sagittal plane. We established a new method to evaluate the femoral curvature in three-dimensional (3D) space and reveal its influencing factors in Chinese population. Methods. 3D models of 426 femurs and the medullary canal were constructed using Mimics software. We standardized the positions of all femurs using 3ds Max software. After measuring the anatomical parameters, including the radius of femoral curvature (RFC) and banking angle, of the femurs using the established femur-specific coordinate system, we analyzed and determined the relationships between the anatomical parameters of the femur and the general characteristics of the population. Results. Pearson’s correlation analyses showed that there were positive correlations between the RFC and height (r=0.339, p<0.001) and the femoral length and RFC (r=0.369, p<0.001) and a negative correlation between the femoral length and banking angle (r=-0.223, p<0.001). Stepwise linear regression analyses showed that the most relevant factors for the RFC and banking angle were the femoral length and gender, respectively. Conclusions. This study concluded that the banking angle of the femur was significantly larger in female than in male.

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Three-dimensional analysis of tooth movement after intrusion of a supraerupted molar using a mini-implant with partial-fixed orthodontic appliances

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/060912-480.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 274-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shin-Jae Lee ◽

Sook-Yun Jang ◽

Youn-Sic Chun ◽

Won Hee Lim

Keyword(s):

Tooth Movement ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Scanning System ◽

3D Analysis ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽

The Mean ◽

3D Software

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate three-dimensional (3D) positional changes of an intruded tooth, a neighboring tooth, and a tooth connected to a mini-implant following intrusion of a single supraerupted molar, using a mini-implant with partial-fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 14 adult patients (two males and 12 females, mean age 41.9 years) with a supraerupted molar due to loss of an antagonist. Intrusion was performed using a mini-implant with a partial strap-up. The mean treatment time was 11.9 months, and the mean retention time was 23.3 months. To quantify the positional changes of the teeth, 3D models using a laser-based, dental scanning system and 3D software at pretreatment, posttreatment, and retention were oriented in a coordinate system and superimposed using nonmoved teeth as references. The changes on the x-, y-, and z-axes were measured at the tip of each cusp in the involved teeth. Results: A supraerupted molar was intruded by a mean amount of 1.35 ± 0.48 mm and was well maintained during the retention period. The overall change in the neighboring tooth was insignificant, although it showed opposite movement compared to the intruded tooth during the intrusion. The tooth connected to a mini-implant exhibited a secure anchorage. Conclusion: 3D analysis showed the detailed positional changes of each tooth, and the involved molars were well maintained after intrusion.

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A New Approach for Documentation, Conservation and Preservation of the Monolithic Statues in San Agustín as Pilot for Outdoor Cultural Heritage Documentation in Colombia

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-225-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol XL-5 ◽

pp. 225-229

Author(s):

A. Estela ◽

J. Hamacher

Keyword(s):

Phase Shift ◽

Data Acquisition ◽

New Technologies ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Laser Scanner ◽

3D Models ◽

New Approach ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

3D Data ◽

Three Dimensional Models

The "Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia" (ICANH) started a new conservation project for the "San Agustín Archaeological Park" (Huila, Colombia) in 2013. The objectives of this project are the documentation, conservation, and preservation of the numerous monolithic statues mainly by integrating the use of new technologies (3D models). A first phase of the project has been completed, resulting in three-dimensional models of 66 of the monolithic sculptures in San Agustín. The methodology developed in this first phase will show the way for other heritage sites in Colombia and for subsequent phases applied to the archaeological park. The 3D data has been obtained using two types of data acquisition technology: the Mantis Vision F5 using infrared structured-light (SL) and a laser scanner based on the phase shift (PS) technology, the Z+F Imager 5010. The results show that future phases need improvement in data acquisition. Mainly the data obtained with the hand held scanner shows many lacunae. This article presents the observations during data processing on the basis of one sculpture, "Escultura 23". In conclusion, this first phase showed where to improve for the succeeding ones, for instance the detail of the meshes need to be increased if the models are to be used for detailed conservation and preservation purposes.

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A method for deducing neck mobility in plesiosaurs, using the exceptionally preserved Nichollssaura borealis

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.172307 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 172307 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramon S. Nagesan ◽

Donald M. Henderson ◽

Jason S. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Vertebral Column ◽

Prey Capture ◽

Cervical Vertebrae ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

3D Modelling ◽

Lateral Neck ◽

Modern Analogue ◽

The Mean ◽

Neck Mobility

The elongate-necked aquatic plesiosaurs existed for 135 Myr during the Mesozoic. The function of this elongate neck is a point of debate. Using computed tomography and three-dimensional (3D) modelling, the range of motion (ROM) of the plesiosaur Nichollssaura borealis neck was assessed. To quantify the ROM, the intervertebral mobility was measured along the cervical vertebral column. This was done by manipulating the 3D models in the lateral and dorsoventral directions during two trials. The first assessed the mean intervertebral ROM between pairs of cervical vertebrae along the entire column, and the second assessed ROM with reduced intervertebral spaces. The results suggest that there may be preference for lateral neck movements in N. borealis , which could correspond to an ecological function related to prey capture. This study demonstrates that 3D modelling is an effective tool for assessing function morphology for structures where no good modern analogue exists.

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“Topographic Shift”: a new digital approach to evaluating topographic changes of the female breast

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1007/s00404-020-05837-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Luisa Lotter ◽

Vanessa Brébant ◽

Andreas Eigenberger ◽

Robin Hartmann ◽

Karolina Mueller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Technologies ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Breast Implants ◽

The Body ◽

New Approach ◽

Female Breast ◽

Before And After ◽

Surface Measurements ◽

The Mean ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Purpose To assess precise topographic changes of the breast, objective documentation and evaluation of pre- and postoperative results are crucial. New technologies for mapping the body using digital, three-dimensional surface measurements have offered novel ways to numerically assess the female breast. Due to the lack of clear demarcation points of the breast contour, the selection of landmarks on the breast is highly dependent on the examiner, and, therefore, is prone to error when conducting before-after comparisons of the same breast. This study describes an alternative to volumetric measurements, focusing on topographic changes of the female breast, based on three-dimensional scans. Method The study was designed as an interventional prospective study of 10 female volunteers who had planned on having aesthetic breast augmentation with anatomical, textured implants. Three dimensional scans of the breasts were performed intraoperatively, first without and then with breast implants. The topographic change was determined as the mean distance between two three-dimensional layers before and after augmentation. This mean distance is defined as the Topographic Shift. Results The mean implant volume was 283 cc (SD = 68.6 cc, range = 210–395 cc). The mean Topographic Shift was 7.4 mm (SD = 1.9 mm, range = 4.8–10.7 mm). The mean Topographic Shifts per quadrant were: I: 8.0 mm (SD = 3.3 mm); II: 9.2 mm (SD = 3.1 mm); III: 6.9 mm (SD = 3.5 mm); IV: 1.9 mm (SD = 4.3 mm). Conclusion The Topographic Shift, describing the mean distance between two three-dimensional layers (for example before and after a volume changing therapy), is a new approach that can be used for assessing topographic changes of a body area. It was found that anatomical, textured breast implants cause a topographic change, particularly on the upper breast, in quadrant II, the décolleté.

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