scholarly journals Microalgae as Sustainable Renewable Energy Feedstock for Biofuel Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanth Reddy Medipally ◽  
Fatimah Md. Yusoff ◽  
Sanjoy Banerjee ◽  
M. Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Sustainable Renewable Energy

The world energy crisis and increased greenhouse gas emissions have driven the search for alternative and environmentally friendly renewable energy sources. According to life cycle analysis, microalgae biofuel is identified as one of the major renewable energy sources for sustainable development, with potential to replace the fossil-based fuels. Microalgae biofuel was devoid of the major drawbacks associated with oil crops and lignocelluloses-based biofuels. Algae-based biofuels are technically and economically viable and cost competitive, require no additional lands, require minimal water use, and mitigate atmospheric CO2. However, commercial production of microalgae biodiesel is still not feasible due to the low biomass concentration and costly downstream processes. The viability of microalgae biodiesel production can be achieved by designing advanced photobioreactors, developing low cost technologies for biomass harvesting, drying, and oil extraction. Commercial production can also be accomplished by improving the genetic engineering strategies to control environmental stress conditions and by engineering metabolic pathways for high lipid production. In addition, new emerging technologies such as algal-bacterial interactions for enhancement of microalgae growth and lipid production are also explored. This review focuses mainly on the problems encountered in the commercial production of microalgae biofuels and the possible techniques to overcome these difficulties.

scholarly journals Pretreatments of lignocellulosic feedstock for bioethanol production

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatica Predojevic
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstock ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstocks

The use of renewable energy sources (biofuels), either as a component in the conventional fossil fuels, gasoline and diesel, or as a pure biofuel, contributes to energy saving and decrease of total CO2 emission. The use of bioethanol mixed with gasoline significantly decreases gasoline consumption and contributes to environment protection. One of the problems in the production of bioethanol is the availability of sugar and starch based feedstock used for its production. However, lignocellulosic feedstocks are becoming more significant in the production of bioethanol due to their availability and low cost. The aim of this study is to point out the advantages and shortcomings of pretreatment processes and hydrolyses of lignocellulosic feedstocks that precede their fermentation to bioethanol.

scholarly journals Development of a Micro grid with Renewable Energy Sources with Feedback Controller

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2014-2018
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Industrial Projects ◽  
Micro Grid

To make micro grid with renewable energy and to over come the technical challenges and economy base and policy and regulatory challenges . From the natural wastage we can generate the Electricity. Thus, the Electrical Power or Electricity is available with a low cost and pollution free to anyplace in the world at all times. This process divulge a unequaled step in electricity generation and this type of generation is maintain the ecological balance. We can have an uninterrupted power supply irrespective of the natural condition without any kind of environmental pollution. More influence this process relent the less production cost for electricity generation. Micro grids have long been used in remote areas to power off-grid villages, military operations or industrial projects. But increasingly they are being used in cities or towns, in urban centers. Here we try a proto type of micro grid with renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Experimental Studies on an Inclined Collector Divergent Chimney Pilot Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 850 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
N Rajamurugu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Energy Agency

Abstract Renewable energy sources become suitable valid options to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels or petroleum products. The International Renewable Energy Agency reports that the world will harvest 40% of energy from renewable energy sources by 2030. Conventional technologies such as solar PV technology, consumes higher capital per unit (kWh) of electricity generation cost significantly higher than the traditional sources. Hence, solar chimney power generation system can be suitable option for generating low cost energy. Solar chimneys are developed and tested by different researchers in enhancing the performance of the system. Studies on the geometric modifications of the collector, and chimney are limited. The aim of this paper is to analyse the experimental data obtained from a divergent solar chimney. Experimentation is carried under sunlight in an open atmosphere. The airflow rates in the chimneys are tested under different collector outlet height. The experimental results showed that a chimney with higher collector openings was performed well than other models. The computational analysis is also carried out using ANSYS Fluent software package which shows that the collector opening of 2.5m is recommended for higher high mass flow rate and system efficiency.

scholarly journals Development of a reactor with carbon catalysts for modular-scale, low-cost electrochemical generation of H2O2

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihua Chen ◽  
Shucheng Chen ◽  
Samira Siahrostami ◽  
Pongkarn Chakthranont ◽  
Christopher Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Great Benefit ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Electrochemical Generation ◽  
Carbon Catalysts

Small-scale reactors for H2O2 production that can couple to renewable energy sources would be of great benefit for decentralized water purification.

RELEVANCE BIOFUEL PRODUCTION IN RUSSIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Рахманкулова ◽  
R. Rakhmankulova ◽  
Красникова ◽  
D. Krasnikova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Fuel Pellets

This article explores relevance of obtaining energy using alternative and renewable energy sources. Particular attention is devotes a new kind of biofuel, which has become popular in Europe - fuel pellets. Identified and justified the need to increase the production of pellet fuel in Russia, gives concrete examples, which are supported by figures. Moreover, the authors expound the advantages and disadvantages of biofuel production in Russia

scholarly journals Adaptive centrifuge vibration damping module for biofuel production

2021 ◽  
Vol 2094 (4) ◽  
pp. 042086
Author(s):  
K A Bashmur ◽  
O A Kolenchukov ◽  
V A Kachaeva ◽  
E V Tsygankova ◽  
Ya A Tynchenko
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Rotor Imbalance ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
Module Efficiency

Abstract The present study considers the problem of obtaining promising renewable energy sources, in particular biofuel. Biomass is the main fuel for green energy accounting for two-thirds of renewable energy. Industry further development depends on improvement of used equipment and technologies. Biofuel usually contains significant amounts of harmful impurities that need to be isolated. The paper deals with the problems of centrifuge operation for the biofuel production. In particular, the most significant operation problem is the residual rotor imbalance which causes torsional oscillations that negatively affect the biodiesel production process and centrifuge reliability. A new technology for damping torsional vibrations of centrifugal device rotating system is described as well as adaptive module device for its implementation is developed. The module main feature is vibrations adaptive level of the rotor elements interaction with external environment. Computer simulation of the module operation process in ANSYS Fluent program was carried out. Data on the module efficiency depending on various factors in the dynamics of its work are obtained. The most effective device configuration is determined.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Secure IoT Mechanism for Monitoring and Controlling Polygeneration Microgrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8354
Author(s):  
Josué Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Diego Aponte-Roa ◽  
Idalides Vergara-Laurens ◽  
Wayne W. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Networked Control System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Network Intrusion ◽  
And Control ◽  
Monitor And Control

The use of Internet-connected devices at homes has increased to monitor energy consumption. Furthermore, renewable energy sources have also increased, reducing electricity bills. However, the high cost of the equipment limits the use of these technologies. This paper presents a low-cost secured-distributed Internet of Things (IoT) system to monitor and control devices connected in a polygeneration microgrid, as a combined power system for local loads with renewable sources. The proposed mechanism includes a Wireless Sensor Actuator Networked Control System that links network nodes using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The Internet communication enables the monitor and control of devices using a mobile application to increase the efficiency. In addition, security mechanisms are implemented at several levels including the authentication, encryption, and decryption of the transmitted data. Furthermore, a firewall and a network intrusion detection-and-prevention program are implemented to increase the system protection against cyber-attack. The feasibility of the proposed solution was demonstrated using a DC microgrid test bench consisting of a diverse range of renewable energy sources and loads.

scholarly journals Application of Waste Glycerol as a Draw Solution for Forward Osmosis

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Ewa Bernacka ◽  
Hanna Jaroszek ◽  
Marian Turek ◽  
Piotr Dydo ◽  
Dymitr Czechowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Linear Flow ◽  
Waste Glycerol ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Membrane Type ◽  
Flow Velocities

Waste glycerol generated during biofuel production accounts for ~10% of total biodiesel volume. Increasing the use of renewable energy sources, including so-called biodiesel, will significantly increase the amount of waste glycerol for disposal. One possible route for waste glycerol reuse is to use it as a draw solution in forward osmosis (FO). Glycerol solutions are particularly suited as FO draw solutions due to their high osmotic pressures. In this work, the effects of waste glycerol composition on FO draw solution osmotic pressures, as well as the effects of membrane type and linear flow velocities on FO water and reverse flux, were investigated. Those results indicated the feasibility of using waste glycerol as a draw solution in FO, allowing the reuse of significant amounts of this by-product.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production form Spirulina Microalgae and its impact on Diesel Engine Characteristics-Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
Mariam E. Murad ◽  
Mohamed Al-Dawody
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Production Form ◽  
Lower Heat ◽  
Algae Oil

This research aims to investigate the literature review on the extraction of algae oil, production of algae methyl ester(AME) biodiesel and the effect of microalgae biodiesel on the performance, combustion and exhaust  emissions of diesel engine. The study dealt with researchers who published their reports between 2006 and 2020. Researches now concentrate on renewable energies, and biodiesel is one of those renewable energy sources. Biodiesel is a fuel similar to diesel and has many positive aspects such as quality, renewable energy, lower exhaust emissions and greater lubricity. In addition to the use of microalgae in the production of fuels, they are used in reducing CO2 of the atmosphere which in turn results in better air quality to breathe and cleaner environment. Many researchers have paid attention to produce biodiesel derived from microalgae that represents one of the oldest living creatures on the globe. However, by comparing with diesel, it has some drawbacks like lower heat content, higher density, viscosity, and NOx emissions. Optimization strategies is still recommended to fight the side effects of using biodiesel instead of original diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Technologies as “Saving Graces” for Pacific Island Nations Fighting Climate Change

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Rena Lovo ◽  
Eric Gilder ◽  
Ora Renagi ◽  
Dapsy Olatona
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Sustainable Renewable Energy ◽  
Pacific Island Nations

Abstract In this study, the authors carried out a detailed analysis of the technologies required for successful implementation of a sustainable renewable energy household power supply in Papua New Guinea or PNG (PNG is a Pacific Island nation, North of Australia) to free the country from fossil fuel dependency. The role of renewable energy sources in the recent PNG National Energy Policy covering 2018 to 2050 (unveiled at the 2018 March Energy Summit in Port Moresby by the PNG Minister of Energy) was also analysed. From the outcome of our recently concluded SERI 2018 Renewable Energy conference, we assembled into a single hypothetical ‘energy basket’ all the varied renewable ‘green’ energy sources within PNG (as estimated by our energy research groups). This paper estimates that there is sufficient renewable energy in PNG and advocates that these available green energy sources should be tapped, for they can go a long way in the quest for climate change mitigation. This research paper will articulate that shifting PNG’s and other Pacific Island nations’ energy reliance from fossil fuels and other non-renewable sources to renewable green and environmentally sustainable sources is not only achievable, but feasible within a reasonable time.

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