scholarly journals Pathological Characteristics of Primary Bladder Carcinoma Treated at a Tertiary Care Hospital and Changing Demographics of Bladder Cancer in Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. Sasikumar ◽  
K. S. N. Wijayarathna ◽  
K. A. M. S. Karunaratne ◽  
U. Gobi ◽  
A. Pathmeswaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Bladder Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Female Ratio

Objectives. The aim was to compare demographics and pathological features of bladder carcinoma treated in a urology unit with findings of previous studies done in Sri Lanka.Materials and Methods. Data of newly diagnosed patients with bladder cancer in a tertiary referral centre from 2011 to 2014 were analysed. Data on bladder cancers diagnosed from 1993 to 2014 were obtained from previous publications and Sri Lanka Cancer Registry.Results. There were 148 patients and mean age was 65 years. Male to female ratio was 4.1 : 1. Urothelial carcinoma (UC) was found in 89.2% of patients. Muscle invasion was noted in 35% of patients compared to 48.4% two decades ago. In patients with UC, 16.5% were found to have pT1high grade tumour. It was 5.3% from 1993 to 2000. Pure squamous cell carcinoma was found in 8.1% of patients while primary or de novo carcinoma in situ (not associated with high grade pT1tumours) was seen in one patient only.Conclusions. The percentage of squamous carcinoma is higher among Sri Lankan patients while primary carcinoma in situ is a rarity. The percentage of muscle invasive disease has decreased while the percentage of pT1high grade tumours has increased during the last two decades in Sri Lanka.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological correlation of p63 in Urothelial Carcinoma: Immunohistochemical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. A269-274
Author(s):  
Rupinderjit Kaur ◽  
Mridu Manjari ◽  
Sanjay Piplani
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Urothelial Carcinomas

Background: Urothelial cancer (UCa) poses a significant medical and public health concern in most parts of the world and is defined as a pan- urothelial disease in which entire urothelium of the renal pelvis to the urethra can undergo malignant transformation.  Bladder tumors account for 90–95% of urothelial carcinomas and are the most common urinary tract malignancy. It is three times less common in females. Methods: The study was conducted on 40 cases of Urothelial Carcinoma received as biopsy specimens in a tertiary care hospital. There were 20 cases each of low grade and high grade and after grading these were subjected to p63 expression. Result: 78% of the patients were from 50-75 year age group with Male to Female ratio being 4:1. Painless hematuria was most common complaint. The size varied from 0.5 to 7.2 cm. For P63, 38 (95%) cases showed positive p63 expression. Of which 20 cases were low grade and 18 (90%) were high grade papillary urothelial carcinomas. Of P63 positive cases 36 cases showed moderate to strong staining intensity whereas two cases showed mild staining intensity. The p63 expression decreased with grade and invasion. Conclusion:   P63 immunoexpression decreases with increasing grade of tumor as well as with invasion thus showing that its expression is related with good prognosis.

scholarly journals UBC®Rapid Test for detection of carcinoma in situ for bladder cancer

Tumor Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 101042831770162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten H Ecke ◽  
Sarah Weiß ◽  
Carsten Stephan ◽  
Steffen Hallmann ◽  
Dimitri Barski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Muscle Invasive

UBC® Rapid Test is a test that detects fragments of cytokeratins 8 and 18 in urine. We present results of a multicentre study measuring UBC® Rapid Test in bladder cancer patients and healthy controls with focus on carcinoma in situ (CIS) and high-grade bladder cancer. From our study with N = 452 patients, we made a stratified sub-analysis for carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. Clinical urine samples were used from 87 patients with tumours of the urinary bladder (23 carcinoma in situ, 23 non-muscle-invasive low-grade tumours, 21 non-muscle-invasive high-grade tumours and 20 muscle-invasive high-grade tumours) and from 22 healthy controls. The cut-off value was defined at 10.0 µg/L. Urine samples were analysed by the UBC® Rapid Test point-of-care system (concile Omega 100 POC reader). Pathological levels of UBC Rapid Test in urine are higher in patients with bladder cancer in comparison to the control group (p < 0.001). Sensitivity was calculated at 86.9% for carcinoma in situ, 30.4% for non-muscle-invasive low-grade bladder cancer, 71.4% for nonmuscle-invasive high grade bladder cancer and 60% for muscle-invasive high-grade bladder cancer, and specificity was 90.9%. The area under the curve of the quantitative UBC® Rapid Test using the optimal threshold obtained by receiveroperated curve analysis was 0.75. Pathological values of UBC® Rapid Test in urine are higher in patients with high-grade bladder cancer in comparison to low-grade tumours and the healthy control group. UBC® Rapid Test has potential to be more sensitive and specific urinary protein biomarker for accurate detection of high-grade patients and could be added especially in the diagnostics for carcinoma in situ and non-muscle-invasive high-grade tumours of urinary bladder cancer.

scholarly journals Histopathological Changes in Adjacent Non-Tumour Mucosa in Trans Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumour Specimens of Bladder Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 962-967
Author(s):  
Divya Renjini ◽  
Muthukrishnan Chirayil Ponnappan ◽  
Vasudevan Sambu Potty
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Bladder Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Bladder Tumour ◽  
Residual Tumour ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Adjacent Mucosa ◽  
Multiple Biopsies

BACKGROUND Urinary bladder cancer is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates if not treated optimally. One of the causes of tumour recurrence is undiscovered residual tumour, and the existence of macroscopically invisible premalignant and malignant lesions of urothelium during the primary resection which can be detected by taking biopsy from apparently normal mucosa in the vicinity of the tumour during trans urethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT). The primary objective was to estimate the proportion of bladder tumour showing changes in adjacent non tumour mucosa in TURBT specimens, within a period of six months. The secondary objectives were to study the association between changes in non-tumour bladder mucosa with the recurrence, seen after six months, and to study the expression of P53 in adjacent non tumour mucosa of bladder cancer. METHODS All cases of bladder carcinoma from trans urethral resection of bladder tumour which were sent along with adjacent non tumour mucosa and received at Department of Pathology, MCH, Trivandrum, for a period of six months were included in the study. Adjacent mucosa sent along with TURBT specimen received at our department was collected. After processing, tissue is embedded in paraffin blocks and thin sections of 4 - 5 m thickness was taken and stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H & E). Using light microscopy, changes in adjacent mucosa were assessed for any abnormal changes and findings were correlated with collected data. P53 expression was studied in the adjacent mucosa. All details were entered in the proforma. Details collected were entered in Excel and analysed using SPSS software. RESULTS Out of 37 TURBT cases that were sent along with adjacent mucosa, 12 cases showed changes in adjacent mucosa accounting for 32.4 %. P53 positivity accounting for 18.9 %, was seen in abnormal mucosa change with carcinoma in situ and dysplasia. On follow up, 8 % of cases with positive biopsy finding showed recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Multiple biopsies from adjacent non tumour mucosa is not necessary for all patients with superficial bladder tumour. Positive findings in adjacent mucosa does not have significant correlation with tumour stage / grade, and tumour size, number of lesions or histopathological findings. Adjacent mucosa may be useful in detecting concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS), which can be helpful in therapeutic approach. KEY WORDS Normal Looking Mucosa, TURBT, Bladder Cancer

Enhanced formation of nitric oxide in bladder carcinoma in situ and in BCG treated bladder cancer

Nitric Oxide ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Hosseini ◽  
Lotta Renström Koskela ◽  
Ingrid Ehrén ◽  
Miguel Aguilar-Santelises ◽  
Allan Sirsjö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Bladder Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ

ROLE OF RESTAGING TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF BLADDER TUMOR IN PATHOLOGICAL UPSTAGING OF NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE HIGH-GRADE UROTHELIAL BLADDER TUMORS. OUR INSTITUTE EXPERIENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Jaheer Abbas Shaik ◽  
Raghuveer Pedamallu ◽  
Ram Reddy. Ch ◽  
Rahul Devraj ◽  
Vidyasagar. S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Residual Tumour ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Bladder Tumors ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Background: Transurethral resection of supercial bladder tumours is well known to be gold standard management. It is evident from the literature that initial TURBT is not enough for accurate pathological staging in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Aim: Our study is aimed at role of restaging TURBT in detection of residual disease for pathological upstaging in these high-risk patients to plan appropriate treatment. Methods: This is a prospective study of 32 patients with initially diagnosed Ta/T1 high-grade bladder cancer who had restaging TURBT in a study by Department of urology, NIMS, Hyderabad between January 2016 and December 2018 were included. Low-grade tumors, carcinoma in situ and muscle invasive bladder tumors were excluded. Data elements collected on patient demographics, presence of residual disease, disease progression and recurrence in the follow-up period. The data was statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics by SPSS version 17. P value <=0.05 is considered as statistically signicant. Results: The mean age for patients included in the study was 60.5 years. In our study, we found that 15 out of 32 cases (47%) has been detected with residual disease ensuring that single TURBT may not been efcient with complete removal of tumor. Six out of 32 cases (19%) had upstaging and 5 out of 32 cases had concurrent carcinoma in situ leading to change in treatment. Therefore, 11 out of 32 cases (34%) has been under staged by initial TURBT were adequately staged by restaging TURBT and subjected to radical cystoprostatectomy or chemo radiotherapy, This mandates the need for restaging TURBT at 6-8 weeks interval for adequate staging and management. Upstaging on restaging TURBT was seen in 19%. The progression-free survival rate at 16 months was 25 % in patients with residual tumour and 94% in cases without residual disease. Conclusion: We conclude that restaging TURBT effectively detects residual disease, helping pathological upstaging and planning denitive treatment in non-muscle invasive high-grade bladder tumour.

scholarly journals Frequency of Gall Bladder Carcinoma among Patients of Cholelithiasis at Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Mairaj Muhammad Khan ◽  
Agha Taj Mohammed ◽  
Rasool Bux Behan ◽  
Sohail Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Bladder Carcinoma ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gall Bladder Carcinoma ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Female Ratio

Objective: To determine the frequency of carcinoma of Gall Bladder in Hospitalized patients undergoing surgeries for cholelithiasis at tertiary care Hospital. Study Setting: General surgery department of Muhammad Medical College Mirpurkhas. Study Design: Descriptive.  Study Duration: From 2018 to 2019. Methodology: All the patients of cholelithiasis diagnosed via trans-abdominal ultrasound, those who underwent cholecystectomies and either of gender were included. After surgeries, specimens immediately were sent to the Hospital diagnostic laboratory to evaluate the gall bladder carcinoma. The information obtained was noted on a pre-designed proforma. Results: A total 200 patient of gall bladder stone disease were observed who underwent cholecystectomies. Average age was 53.8+5.62 years and male to female ratio was 1:2.5.  Incidence of carcinoma of gall bladder was 4%, which was significantly associated to gall bladder mass, chronic calculus cholecystitis and porcelain gall bladder (p=0.001).  Conclusion: The incidence of the gall bladder cancer in the study population was 4% and its relationship with gall bladder diseases (chronic cholecystitis and porcelain) was found to be significant.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Treatment Outcomes of Head Injury in Bangladesh: Perspective from the Largest Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Das ◽  
Bipin Chaurasia ◽  
Dipankar Ghosh ◽  
Asit Chandra Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Economic impact is much worse in developing countries like Bangladesh, as victims are frequently male, productive, and breadwinners of the families. Objectives The objective of our study was to highlight the etiological pattern and distribution of varieties of head injuries in Bangladesh and give recommendations regarding how this problem can be solved or reduce to some extent at least. Methods From January 2017 to December 2019, a total of 14,552 patients presenting with head injury at emergency got admitted in Neurosurgery department of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital and were included in this study. Results The most common age group was 21 to 30 years (36%: 5,239) with a male-to-female ratio of 2.6:1. Injury was mostly caused by road traffic accident (RTA [58.3%: 8,484]), followed by fall (25%: 3,638) and history of assault (15.3%: 2,226). The common varieties of head injury were: acute extradural hematoma (AEDH [42.30%: 1,987]), skull fracture either linear or depressed (28.86%: 1,347), acute subdural hematoma (ASDH [12.30%: 574]), brain contusion (10.2%: 476), and others (6.04%: 282). Conclusion RTA is the commonest cause of TBI, and among them motor bike accident is the severe most form of TBI. AEDH is the commonest variety of head injuries. Proper steps taken by the Government, vehicle owners, and drivers, and proper referral system and prompt management in the hospital can reduce the mortality and morbidity from TBI in Bangladesh.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document