scholarly journals Transitions in Interface Objects: Searching Databases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tim Gamble ◽  
Jon May
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Database Interface ◽  
Map Searching ◽  
Novel Design

Two experiments demonstrate that a list-like database interface which benefits from the persistence of contextual information does not show the same degree of benefit of collocating objects over display changes that has been previously observed in a map-searching study. This provides some support for the claim that the nature of the task must be taken into account in choosing how to design dynamic displays. We discuss the benefit of basing design principles on theoretical models derived from film cutting methods used in cinematography, so that they can be extended to novel design situations.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION FOR NEURO REHABILITATION. A NEW DESIGN PARADIGM

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Subramanya K. ◽  
Ajithanjaya Kumar Mijar Kanakabettu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Ideal Candidate ◽  
Design Paradigm ◽  
Stimulation Current ◽  
Novel Design

AbstractOne of the most exciting recent advances in the neuroprosthetics field has been the application of biosignals in the design of functional electrical stimulation (FES) devices. An Electromyogram (EMG) measures the electrical activity in muscles and is often considered as ideal candidate biosignal for designing closed-loop controlled FES system. In this brief communication, we propose a novel design paradigm of a synergistic benefit of incorporating two different design principles in development of an EMG controlled FES system that hold promise for the future of rehabilitation of stroke and other neurological disorders. The proposed system will detect the residual EMG signals from the muscle and suitably adjust the stimulation current amplitude and stimulate the paralyzed muscles with a 'natural' EMG pattern envelope. We offer this design as a fruitful area for fuing recent advances in the neuroprosthetics field has been the application of biosignals in the design of functional electrical stimulation (FES) devices. An Electromyogram (EMG) measures the electrical activity in muscles and is often considered as ideal candidate biosignal for designing closed-loop controlled FES system. In this brief communication, we propose a novel design paradigm of a synergistic benefit of incorporating two different design principles in development of an EMG controlled FES system that hold promise for the future of rehabilitation of stroke and other neurological disorders. The proposed system will detect the residual EMG signals from the muscle and suitably adjust the stimulation current amplitude and stimulate the paralyzed muscles with a 'natural' EMG pattern envelope. We offer this design as a fruitful area for future research and clinical application.

scholarly journals Evolutionary design principles in metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1898) ◽  
pp. 20190098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayathri Sambamoorthy ◽  
Himanshu Sinha ◽  
Karthik Raman
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Evolutionary Design ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Flux Coupling ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Function ◽  
Novel Design

Microorganisms are ubiquitous and adapt to various dynamic environments to sustain growth. These adaptations accumulate, generating new traits forming the basis of evolution. Organisms adapt at various levels, such as gene regulation, signalling, protein–protein interactions and metabolism. Of these, metabolism forms the integral core of an organism for maintaining the growth and function of a cell. Therefore, studying adaptations in metabolic networks is crucial to understand the emergence of novel metabolic capabilities. Metabolic networks, composed of enzyme-catalysed reactions, exhibit certain repeating paradigms or design principles that arise out of different selection pressures. In this review, we discuss the design principles that are known to exist in metabolic networks, such as functional redundancy, modularity, flux coupling and exaptations. We elaborate on the studies that have helped gain insights highlighting the interplay of these design principles and adaptation. Further, we discuss how evolution plays a role in exploiting such paradigms to enhance the robustness of organisms. Looking forward, we predict that with the availability of ever-increasing numbers of bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic genomic sequences, novel design principles will be identified, expanding our understanding of these paradigms shaped by varied evolutionary processes.

scholarly journals Controlling Singlet Fission with Coordination Chemistry-Induced Assembly of Dipyridyl Pyrrole Bipentacenes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Ribson ◽  
Gyeongshin Choi ◽  
Ryan Hadt ◽  
Theodor Agapie
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Chemistry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Rate Increase ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Singlet Fission ◽  
Photophysical Parameters ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Triplet Lifetime

Singlet fission has the potential to surpass current efficiency limits in next-generation photovoltaics and to find use in quantum information science. Despite the demonstration of singlet fission in various materials, there is still a great need for fundamental design principles that allow for tuning of photophysical parameters, including the rate of fission and triplet lifetimes. Here we describe the synthesis and photophysical characterization of a novel bipentacene dipyridyl pyrrole (HDPP-Pent) and its Li- and K-coordinated derivatives. HDPP-Pent undergoes singlet fission at roughly 50% efficiency (τ<sub>SF</sub> = 730 ps), whereas coordination in the Li complex induces significant structural changes to generate a dimer, resulting in a 5-fold rate increase (τ<sub>SF</sub> = 140 ps) and near fully efficient singlet fission with virtually no sacrifice in triplet lifetime. We thus illustrate novel design principles to produce favorable singlet fission properties, wherein through-space control can be achieved via coordination chemistry-induced multi-pentacene assembly.

scholarly journals How cells determine the number of polarity sites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-geng Chiou ◽  
Kyle D. Moran ◽  
Daniel J. Lew
Keyword(s):  
Design Principle ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Mechanistic Models ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Rho Family Gtpases ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Rho Family ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe diversity of cell morphologies arises, in part, through regulation of cell polarity by Rho-family GTPases. A poorly understood but fundamental question concerns the regulatory mechanisms by which different cells can generate different numbers of polarity sites. Theoretical models of polarity circuits develop multiple initial polarity sites, but then those sites engage in competition, leaving a single winner. The timescale of competition slows dramatically as GTPase concentrations at polarity sites approach a “saturation point”, allowing multiple sites to coexist. Here, we show that these principles hold in more complex mechanistic models of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae polarity machinery, and confirm model predictions in vivo. Further, we elucidate a novel design principle whereby cells can switch from competition to equalization among polarity sites. These findings provide insight into how cells determine the number of polarity sites.

scholarly journals Novel design principles enable specific targeting of imaging and therapeutic agents to necrotic domains in breast tumors

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Goldshaid ◽  
Efrat Rubinstein ◽  
Alexander Brandis ◽  
Dadi Segal ◽  
Noa Leshem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Novel Design

Modeling the panchromatic emission of galaxies with CIGALE

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S341) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
M. Boquien ◽  
D. Burgarella ◽  
Y. Roehlly ◽  
V. Buat ◽  
L. Ciesla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Photometric Data ◽  
Synchrotron Emission ◽  
Photometric Redshifts ◽  
Main Design ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Far Ultraviolet ◽  
Physical Components

AbstractPanchromatic modeling is one of the most powerful tools at our disposal to measure reliably the physical properties of galaxies across cosmic times. We present here an entirely new implementation in python of one such tool: CIGALE. Developed along three main design principles: simplicity, modularity, and efficiency, it has proven to be a versatile code that in addition to estimating the physical properties of galaxies (or regions within galaxies), can generate arbitrary sets of theoretical models or be used as a library to build other tools. Among its defining features, it is a truly panchromatic code ranging from the far-ultraviolet to the radio that takes into account numerous physical components (including active nuclei or synchrotron emission), that can fit non-photometric data, handle upper limits, determine photometric redshifts, and even build mock catalogs.

scholarly journals Measuring, Assessing and Improving Software Quality based on Object-Oriented Design Principles

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhold Plösch ◽  
Johannes Bräuer ◽  
Christian Körner ◽  
Matthias Saft
Keyword(s):  
Object Oriented ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Object Oriented Design ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Novel Design

AbstractGood object-oriented design is crucial for a successful software product. Metric-based approaches and the identification of design smells are established concepts for identifying design flaws and deriving design improvements thereof. Nevertheless, metrics are difficult to use for improvements as they provide only weak guidance and are difficult to interpret. Thus, this paper proposes a novel design quality model (DQM) based on fundamental object-oriented design principles and best practices. In course of discussing DQM, the paper provides a contribution in three directions: (1) it shows how to measure design principles automatically, (2) then the measuring result is used to assess the degree of fulfilling object-oriented design principles, (3) and finally design improvements of identified design flaws in object-oriented software are derived. Additionally, the paper provides an overview of the research area by explaining terms used to describe designrelated aspects and by depicting the result of a survey on the importance of object-oriented design principles. The underlying concepts of the DQM are explained before it is applied on two open-source projects in the format of a case study. The qualitative discussion of its application shows the advantages of the automated design assessment that can be used for guiding design improvements.

scholarly journals Controlling Singlet Fission with Coordination Chemistry-Induced Assembly of Dipyridyl Pyrrole Bipentacenes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Ribson ◽  
Gyeongshin Choi ◽  
Ryan Hadt ◽  
Theodor Agapie
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Chemistry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Rate Increase ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Singlet Fission ◽  
Photophysical Parameters ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Triplet Lifetime

Singlet fission has the potential to surpass current efficiency limits in next-generation photovoltaics and to find use in quantum information science. Despite the demonstration of singlet fission in various materials, there is still a great need for fundamental design principles that allow for tuning of photophysical parameters, including the rate of fission and triplet lifetimes. Here we describe the synthesis and photophysical characterization of a novel bipentacene dipyridyl pyrrole (HDPP-Pent) and its Li- and K-coordinated derivatives. HDPP-Pent undergoes singlet fission at roughly 50% efficiency (τ<sub>SF</sub> = 730 ps), whereas coordination in the Li complex induces significant structural changes to generate a dimer, resulting in a 5-fold rate increase (τ<sub>SF</sub> = 140 ps) and near fully efficient singlet fission with virtually no sacrifice in triplet lifetime. We thus illustrate novel design principles to produce favorable singlet fission properties, wherein through-space control can be achieved via coordination chemistry-induced multi-pentacene assembly.

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