scholarly journals Short-Term Lifestyle Strategies for Sustaining Cognitive Status

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth P. Howard ◽  
John N. Morris ◽  
Knight Steel ◽  
Kelley A. Strout ◽  
Brant E. Fries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Short Term ◽  
One Year

Cognitive decline impacts older adults, particularly their independence. The goal of this project was to increase understanding of how short-term, everyday lifestyle options, including physical activity, help an older adult sustain cognitive independence. Using a secondary analysis of lifestyle choices, we drew on a dataset of 4,620 community-dwelling elders in the US, assessed at baseline and one year later using 2 valid and reliable tools, the interRAI Community Health Assessment and the interRAI Wellness tool. Decline or no decline on the Cognitive Performance Scale was the dependent variable. We examined sustaining one’s status on this measure over a one-year period in relation to key dimensions of wellness through intellectual, physical, emotional, social, and spiritual variables. Engaging in physical activity, formal exercise, and specific recreational activities had a favorable effect on short-term cognitive decline. Involvement with computers, crossword puzzles, handicrafts, and formal education courses also were protective factors. The physical and intellectual domains of wellness are prominent aspects in protection from cognitive decline. Inherent in these two domains are mutable factors suitable for targeted efforts to promote older adult health and well-being.

scholarly journals Supporting Family Carers of Community-Dwelling Elder with Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitte Schoenmakers ◽  
Frank Buntinx ◽  
Jan Delepeleire
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Study Population ◽  
One Year ◽  
Actual Intervention

Objective. Caring for a patient with cognitive decline has an important impact on the general well-being of family caregivers. Although highly appreciated, interventions in dementia home care remain mainly ineffective in terms of well-being. Consequently, in spite of an extensive support system, abrupt ending of home care remains more rule than exception. Method. The hypothesis was that the intervention of a care counselor, coordinating care in quasi-unstructured way during one year, will alleviate caregivers' feelings of depression. The study population was composed of community-dwelling patients with cognitive decline. A care counselor was at the exclusive disposal of the intervention group. Primary outcome measure was caregiver depression. Results. Finally, depression was 6.25 times less frequent in the intervention group. The actual intervention appeared minimal with only ten applications for more support followed by only three interventions effectively carried out. Although caregivers felt burdened and depressed, formal support remained stable. On the other hand, the availability of the care counselor made caregivers feel less depressed with the same amount of support. Conclusion. Carers do not always need to be surrounded with more professionals, but they want to feel more supported. In terms of policy, this could have some important implications.

Relation between cognitive disorders and type of physical activity: Results of the FréLE cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Dupré ◽  
N Barth ◽  
A El Moutawakkil ◽  
F Béland ◽  
F Roche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Global Test ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Few previous cohorts have studied the different type of physical activities and the degree of cognitive decline. The objective of this work was to analyze the leisure, domestic and professional activities with mild and moderate cognitive disorders in older people living in community. Methods The study used data from the longitudinal and observational study, FrèLE (FRagility: Longitudinal Study of Expressions). The collected data included: socio-demographic variables, lifestyle, and health status (frailty, comorbidities, cognitive status, depression). Cognitive decline was assessed by using: MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) and MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment). MoCA was used with two cut-offs (26 and 17) so as to define mild and moderate cognitive disorders Physical activity was assessed by the PASE (Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly), structured in three sections: leisure, domestic and professional activities. Spline and proportional hazards regression models (Cox) were used to estimate the risk of cognitive disorders. Results At baseline, 1623 participants were included and the prevalence of cognitive disorders was 6.9% (MMSE) and 7.2% (MoCA), mild cognitive disorders was 71.3%. The mean age was 77 years, and 52% of the participants were women. After a 2 years long follow-up, we found 6.9% (MMSE) and 6% (MoCA) cognitive disorders on participants. Analyses showed that domestic activities were associated to cognitive decline (HR = 0.52 [0.28-0.94] for MMSE and HR = 0.48 [0.28-0.80] for MoCA). No association were found with leisure and professional activities, and no spline were significant with mild cognitive disorders. Conclusions Analysis showed a relationship between cognitive disorders and type of physical activity, thanks to the use of specific questionnaire of elderly and two global test of cognition. These findings will contribute to the debate on the beneficial effects of physical activity on cognition. Key messages This work allowed to compare two test of cognition and their link with physical activity. It contributes to the debate on the beneficial effects of physical activity on cognition. The work allowed us to see the effect of the different types of physical activity and the impact of the statistical method on the results.

scholarly journals Increasing Older Adult Involvement in Geriatric Assessment: A Mixed-Methods Process Evaluation

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432199332
Author(s):  
Wanda Rietkerk ◽  
Jannet de Jonge-de Haan ◽  
Joris P. J. Slaets ◽  
Sytse U. Zuidema ◽  
Debby L. Gerritsen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Geriatric Assessment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Adult Involvement ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objectives: Goal setting and motivational interviewing (MI) may increase well-being by promoting healthy behavior. Since we failed to show improved well-being in a proactive assessment service for community-dwelling older adults applying these techniques, we studied whether implementation processes could explain this. Methods: Goals set during the comprehensive geriatric assessment were evaluated on their potential for behavior change. MI and goal setting adherence wasassessed by reviewing audiotaped interactions and interviewing care professionals. Results: Among the 280 goals set with 230 frail older adults (mean age 77 ± 6.9 years, 59% women), more than 90% had a low potential for behavior change. Quality thresholds for MI were reached in only one of the 11 interactions. Application was hindered by the context and the limited proficiency of care professionals. Discussion: Implementation was suboptimal for goal setting and MI. This decreased the potential for improved well-being in the participating older adults.

scholarly journals Aerobic or strength training and flexibility activities and mild cognitive impairment: CETI cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Dupré ◽  
B Bongue ◽  
L Fruteau de Laclos ◽  
J Blais ◽  
M-J Sirois
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Initiative Program ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Previous studies have been notably criticized for not studying the different types of physical activity. The objective of this work was to examine the association between types of physical activity and cognitive decline in older people. Methods This is a sub-group analysis from the CETI cohort, a multicenter prospective study conducted by the Canadian Emergency Team Initiative Program (CETIE), between 2011 and 2016. Participants were community-dwelling seniors aged ≥ 65 years, consult emergency services for minor injuries with follow-up at 3 and 6 months. Physical activity was assessed by the RAPA (Rapid assessment of Physical activity), which describes the level of aerobic activities and the overall level of muscle strength and flexibility activities. The cognitive status was assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS), using their current cut-offs (MoCA <26/30 and TICS < = 35/50) for mild cognitive impairments (MCI). Logistic regression, COX models and splines were used to examine the association between the type of physical activities and the onset of cognitive impairment. Results At inclusion, 281 individuals were free of MCI, or 43.8% of the total sample, with an average age of 73 years. During follow-ups, MCI appeared in 31.7% of participants initially free of it. The risk of MCI was lower with higher muscular strength & flexibility physical activities (HR = 0.84 [0.70-0.99]), while the relationship with aerobic physical activities was not significant. Conclusions These results showed a potential link between strength & flexibility activities and cognitive impairments, but not with aerobic physical activities. Further analyses are needed to examine whether these relationships persist as a function of the adjustment variables, or statistical methods. This study contributes to the debate on the evaluation of physical activity in the elderly, and its link with neurodegenerative diseases. Key messages This study analyzed the link between types of physical activity and mild cognitive disorders. The aim is to put in place preventive policies of aging, specially in neurodegenerative diseases. The work allowed us to see the effect of the different types of physical activity and the impact of the statistical method on the results.

scholarly journals Arterial Stiffness Predicts Cognitive Decline in Japanese Community-dwelling Elderly Subjects: A One-year Follow-up Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiki Yukutake ◽  
Minoru Yamada ◽  
Naoto Fukutani ◽  
Shu Nishiguchi ◽  
Hiroki Kayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Cognitive function and type of physical activity: results from the FRéLE longitudinal study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Dupré ◽  
D Hupin ◽  
C Goumou ◽  
F Béland ◽  
F Roche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Domestic Activity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Previous cohorts have been notably criticized for not studying the different type of physical activity and not investigating household activities. The objective of this work was to analyse the relation between physical activity and cognitive decline in older people living in community. Impact of type of physical activity on the results has been realised. Methods The study used data from the longitudinal and observational study , FrèLE (FRagility: Longitudinal Study of Expressions). The collected data included: socio-demographic variables, lifestyle, and health status (frailty, comorbidities, cognitive status, depression). Cognitive decline was assessed by using: MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination)and MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment). Physical activity was assessed by the PASE (Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly). This tool is structured in three sections: the leisure activity, the domestic activity and the professional activity. Logistic regressions and proportional hazards regression models (Cox) were used to estimate the risk of cognitive disorders. Results At baseline, the prevalence of cognitive disorders was 6.9% according to MMSE. In total, 1326 participants without cognitive disorders were included in the analysis. The mean age was 77.4 years, and 52.1% of the participants were women. After a 2 years long follow-up, we found cognitive disorders on 92 participants (6.9%). Physical activity at baseline is lower in older adults for whom cognitive decline was observed after two years of follow-up. Subclass analyses showed that leisure and domestic activities were associated to cognitive decline, but not professional activities. Conclusions Analysis showed a relationship between cognitive disorders and type of physical activity. The current study will be completed by the MoCA for mild cognitive impairment. These findings compared to other ongoing studies will contribute to the debate on the beneficial effects of physical activity on cognition. Key messages The work allowed us to analyze the link between the different types of physical activity and mild to severe cognitive disorders. The aim is to put in place preventive policies of aging. The work allowed us to see the effect of the different types of physical activity and the impact of the statistical method on the results.

scholarly journals Relating Sensory, Cognitive, and Neural Factors to Older Persons’ Perceptions about Happiness: An Exploratory Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra J. Horne ◽  
Kimberly S. Chiew ◽  
Jie Zhuang ◽  
Linda K. George ◽  
R. Alison Adcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Special Events

Despite increased rates of disease, disability, and social losses with aging, seniors consistently report higher levels of subjective well-being (SWB), a construct closely related to happiness, than younger adults. In this exploratory study, we utilized an available dataset to investigate how aspects of health commonly deteriorating with age, including sensory (i.e., vision and hearing) and cognitive status, relate to variability in self-described contributors to happiness. Community-dwelling seniors (n = 114) responded to a single-item prompt: “name things that make people happy.” 1731 responses were categorized into 13 domains of SWB via structured content analysis. Sensory health and cognition were assessed by Snellen visual acuity, pure-tone audiometry, and in-person administration of the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT) battery. A subset of eligible participants (n = 57) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess resting state functional connectivity (FC) within a previously described dopaminergic network associated with reward processing. SWB response patterns were relatively stable across gender, sensory status, and cognitive performance with few exceptions. For example, hearing-impaired participants listed fewer determinants of SWB (13.59 vs. 17.16; p<0.001) and were less likely to name things in the “special events” category. Participants with a higher proportion of responses in the “accomplishments” domain (e.g., winning, getting good grades) demonstrated increased FC between the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens, regions implicated in reward and motivated behavior. While the framework for determinants of happiness among seniors was largely stable across the factors assessed here, our findings suggest that subtle changes in this construct may be linked to sensory loss. The possibility that perceptions about determinants of happiness might relate to differences in intrinsic connectivity within reward-related brain networks also warrants further investigation.

Clinical and Ambulatory Gait Speed in Older Adults: Associations With Several Physical, Mental, and Cognitive Health Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-727
Author(s):  
Miguel Á De la Cámara ◽  
Sara Higueras-Fresnillo ◽  
Kabir P Sadarangani ◽  
Irene Esteban-Cornejo ◽  
David Martinez-Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Health

Abstract Background Although clinical gait speed may indicate health and well-being in older adults, there is a lack of studies comparing clinical tests with ambulatory gait speed with regard to several health outcomes. Objective The objective of this study was to examine the associations of clinical gait speed, measured by the 2.44-m walk test and the ambulatory gait speed with several physical, mental, and cognitive health outcomes in older adults. Design A cross-sectional design was used. Methods The study population comprised 432 high-functioning, community-dwelling older adults (287 women) aged between 65 and 92 years. Clinical and ambulatory gait speeds were measured using the 2.44-m walk test and a portable gait analysis device, respectively. Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the association of clinical and ambulatory gait speeds with several health outcomes (body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, chronic conditions, self-rated health, exhaustion, upper- and lower-body strength, physical and mental health status, cognitive status, and self-rated cognitive status). Results The results showed that the average gait speed for clinical and ambulatory measures cannot be directly compared. Clinical gait speed was associated with 7 health outcomes, and the ambulatory gait speed was associated with 6 health outcomes. The significant associations between measures of gait speed and the health outcomes converged in 5 of the 13 health outcomes studied; however, the strength of associations was singly different between measures. Limitations The short monitoring time, the inability to distinguish between the ambulatory gait speed inside the home and outdoor gait speed, and the under-representative sample are limitations of the study. Conclusion The results indicated differences in the number and strength of associations between clinical and ambulatory gait speed. Both measures have construct validity because they have been associated with physical and health outcomes; however, they may have different predictive validity. Further research should be conducted to compare their predictive validity in longitudinal designs.

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