scholarly journals Modification of Mechanical Properties, Polymerization Temperature, and Handling Time of Polymethylmethacrylate Cement for Enhancing Applicability in Vertebroplasty

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Lung Tai ◽  
Po-Liang Lai ◽  
Wei-De Lin ◽  
Tsung-Tin Tsai ◽  
Yen-Chen Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Preparation Temperature ◽  
Maximum Compression ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Low Modulus

Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is a popular bone void filler for vertebroplasty. However, the use of PMMA has some drawbacks, including the material’s excessive stiffness, exothermic polymerization, and short handling time. This study aimed to create an ideal modified bone cement to solve the above-mentioned problems. Modified bone cements were prepared by combining PMMA with three different volume fractions of castor oil (5%, 10%, and 15%). The peak polymerization temperatures, times to achieve the peak polymerization temperature, porosities, densities, modulus and maximum compression strengths of standard (without castor oil), and modified cements were investigated following storage at ambient temperature (22°C) or under precooling conditions (3°C). Six specimens were tested in each group of the aforementioned parameters. Increasing castor oil content and precooling treatment effectively decreased the peak polymerization temperatures and increased the duration to achieve the peak polymerization temperature (P<0.05). Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the material, including density, modulus, and maximum compression strength, decreased with increasing castor oil content. However, preparation temperature (room temperature versus precooling) had no significant effect (P>0.05) on these mechanical properties. In conclusion, the addition of castor oil to PMMA followed by precooling created an ideal modified bone cement with a low modulus, low polymerization temperature, and long handling time, enhancing its applicability and safety for vertebroplasty.

scholarly journals Low-modulus PMMA bone cement modified with castor oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro López ◽  
Andreas Hoess ◽  
Thomas Thersleff ◽  
Marjam Ott ◽  
Håkan Engqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Low Modulus

Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty – advantages and disadvantages used bone cement of PMMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1-2 (92) ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
P. Choryłek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Compression Fractures ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose: This paper is a review of literature where the analyses of the commonly used bone cements were carried out especially: methods of manufacturing, surgical techniques, mechanical properties, biocompatibility studies as well as possibility of improvement some properties by using additives. Design/methodology/approach: The aim of this publication is the analysis of the state of knowledge and treatment methods on compression fractures, approximation of the specifics of compression fractures, presentation of minimally invasive percutaneous surgical techniques, description of features of the most common used bone cement on matrix Poly(methyl methacrylate) – (PMMA) and presentation cement parameters which affect potential postoperative complications. Findings: In considering to review of actual state of knowledge there is a need to find the additives which allow: to reduce the polymerization temperature, improve the biocompatibility as well as mechanical properties. During the studies it was found that the additive which can meet the requirements is glassy carbon in form of powder. Practical implications: Discussion allows to prepare samples during practical work with new kind additives in composite with bone cement as matrix. Originality/value: The original in this discussion is the possibility to improve fundamental properties of the selected bone cements by using different than commonly used additives.

Computer Assisted Femoral Augmentation: Modeling and Experimental Validation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Basafa ◽  
Ryan J. Murphy ◽  
Michael D. Kutzer ◽  
Yoshito Otake ◽  
Mehran Armand
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Particle Method ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Injection Device ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
The One

We report the results of planning and experimental validation of femoroplasty — augmentation of mechanical properties of the bone using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement injection — on osteoporotic femurs. For six pairs of osteoporotic femurs, finite element (FE) models were created using computed tomography (CT) scan data and an evolutionary method was used to optimize the cement pattern in one of the models from each pair. Using a particle method and the CT data, cement diffusion was modeled for several hypothetical augmentations and the one most closely matching the optimized pattern was chosen as the best plan. We used intra-operative navigation and a custom-designed injection device to deliver the cement into the bones precisely according to the plan. All femurs were then tested mechanically in a configuration simulating a fall to the side. Augmentation with this technique resulted in an increase in the yield load (28%) and yield energy (142%) compared to the control specimens, while only 9.8ml of cement was injected on average. Results support our hypothesis that significant improvements in the mechanical properties of osteoporotic femurs can be achieved by using minimal, and hence safe, amounts of PMMA bone cement.

Properties of an injectable low modulus PMMA bone cement for osteoporotic bone

2008 ◽  
Vol 86B (2) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Boger ◽  
Marc Bohner ◽  
Paul Heini ◽  
Sophie Verrier ◽  
Erich Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Low Modulus

scholarly journals Properties of PMMA Bone Cement Modified with Nano-hydroxyapatite and Acetone

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Amin Zaza ◽  
Mohamed Habib ◽  
Nabil Fatahalla
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Residual Monomer ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Pmma Cement

Fracture in the adjacent levels is one of the consequences to the use of commercial poly methylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement. Modified PMMA with a reduced Young’s modulus was found to be safer for cancellous bone augmentation procedures. The aim of this research was to study the effect of adding hydroxyapatite (HA) nano-particles and acetone on different properties of PMMA cement. A commercial PMMA cement was used as a model for bone cement. Three groups of modified PMMA/nano-HA were investigated by adding 2, 4 and 6 wt. % of HA. Acetone as a porogen mixed with distilled water in different amounts (A/W: 1:1, 2:1.5 and 2:1g) was used to produce porous PMMA cement. The residual monomer, polymerization and mechanical properties under tension and compression tests were investigated. Young’s modulus detected from compression test decreased from 826.5±10 to 728±66 MPa by adding 6wt.% HA. Adding acetone to PMMA with 2:1.5g (A/W) has decreased the compressive Young’s modulus to 753±38 MPa. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) measurements were carried out with intervals of 2 hours, 6 hours and 24 hours to evaluate the residual monomer for all groups. The amount of residual monomer has decreased after 24 hours of curing by adding acetone and nano-HA. Modifying PMMA by HA and acetone have inconsistent effect on the polymerization temperature. It was concluded that HA and acetone can be used to reduce the stiffness and residual monomer with enhanced biocompatibility of the commercial PMMA bone cement.

Function of silicon oil in the castor oil based rigid polyurethane foams

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 875-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raminder Kaur ◽  
Mukesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Silicon Oil ◽  
Foam Properties ◽  
Packed Structure ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Rigid polyurethane foams are one of the most important cellular plastics. Castor oil was modified with glycerol to form the polyol and reacted with methyl diisocyanate and different proportions of silicon oil to achieve rigid polyurethane foam. Prepared foam was tested for its density and mechanical properties. It was found that compressive and flexural strength was improved with silicon oil content. The morphology of the resulted foams was also studied using scanning electron microscope, and it was observed that the cell size was reduced with silicon oil content, indicating a more dense and packed structure. With further increase in the silicon oil content, foam properties showed a slight decrease in value.

Nanosilver-loaded PMMA bone cement doped with different bioactive glasses – evaluation of cytocompatibility, antibacterial activity, and mechanical properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3112-3126
Author(s):  
M. Wekwejt ◽  
S. Chen ◽  
B. Kaczmarek-Szczepańska ◽  
M. Nadolska ◽  
K. Łukowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement

Nanosilver-loaded PMMA bone cement doped with bioactive glasses is a novel cement developed as a replacement for conventional cements.

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