scholarly journals “Gold” Pressed Essential Oil: An Essay on the Volatile Fragment from Citrus Juice Industry By-Products Chemistry and Bioactivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Kapsaski-Kanelli ◽  
E. Evergetis ◽  
A. Michaelakis ◽  
D. P. Papachristos ◽  
E. D. Myrtsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Asian Tiger Mosquito ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
Refinement Process ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
By Products

Present essay explores the potentials of Citrus juice industry’s by-products as alternative bioactive natural products resources. Four crude Cold Pressed Essential Oils (CPEOs), derived from orange, lemon, grapefruit, and mandarin, were studied. All CPEOs were subjected to water distillation, in order to obtain the volatile fragment, which was further fractionated with respect to distillation period in two parts, concluding to eight samples. These samples along with the four original CPEOs were assessed in relation to their phytochemical content and their repellent and larvicidal properties against Asian Tiger Mosquito. The volatiles recovery rates ranged from 74% to 88% of the CPEO. Limonene presented a significant increase in all samples ranging from 8% to 52% of the respective CPEO’s content and peaked in mandarin’s 2nd volatile fragment which comprised 97% of the essential oil. The refinement process presented clear impacts on both bioassays: a significant increase in larvicidal potency was observed, annotated best by the improvement by 1100% and 1300% of the grapefruit volatile fractions; repellence testing provided only one significant result, the decrease of landings by 50% as a response to mandarin’s second volatile fraction. The applied methodology thus may be considered for the improvement of Citrus juice industry’s by-products chemistry and bioactivity.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Separation of Bergapten from Bergamot Essential Oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Sicari
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Separation ◽  
Fractionation Tower ◽  
Post Process ◽  
Bergamot Oil ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Abstract The possibility of following traditional cold-press extraction with the post process continuous separation of bergapten from bergamot essential oil was investigated. A fractionation tower was used in an experiment in which cold-pressed bergamot oil was extracted in a continuous countercurrent process by supercritical carbon dioxide under different conditions. Bergapten is fairly soluble in CO2 in its supercritical phase, in particular at a density of 277.90 kg⋅m–3, corresponding to a pressure of 8 MPa and temperature of 40°C. Under these conditions, an extract with 0.198% bergapten was obtained, a figure slightly below the percentage of bergapten contained in cold-pressed oil (0.21%). However, at densities below 200 kg⋅m–3, the amount of bergapten in the extracted oil was negligible. Of all tested conditions for separation, the best was found to be at a pressure of 8 MPa and temperature of 70°C, conditions under which bergapten was not detected. The results of the experiment showed that bergapten, and the non-volatile fraction in general, was extracted only in small quantities and was not extracted at all with at a CO2 pressure of 8 MPa.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of the antioxidant, antimicrobial and nutritive properties of gluten-free flours

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Miedzianka ◽  
Katarzyna Drzymała ◽  
Agnieszka Nemś ◽  
Agnieszka Kita
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Corn Germ ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Oilseed Processing ◽  
Oilseed Cake ◽  
Microbial Growth Inhibition ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
Seed Flours ◽  
By Products

AbstractGluten-free flours are interesting alternative to wheat flours. They could be by-products of oilseed processing, characterized by high content of bioactive compounds. Therefore the aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial properties, amino acid and fatty acid profile of flours obtained as by-products from the oil industry. The highest total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity was found to have evening primrose flour. The widest spectrum of microbial growth inhibition was indicated for corn germ extract which showed no antimicrobial activity only against Bacillus subtilis. The highest protein content was found in pumpkin, peanut and almond flours (more than 50 g/100 g). The major abundant amino acids in all the analysed oilseed cake flours were aspartic acid, glutamic acid and arginine. The analysed gluten-free flours were found to be a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which comprised mainly linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, whereas the best source of PUFAs was evening primrose flour. The results suggest that the cold-pressed seed flours possess valuable chemical composition and may be considered for improvement of the nutritional properties of food products.

scholarly journals From the Field to the Laboratory: Quantifying Outdoor Mosquito Landing Rate to Better Evaluate Topical Repellents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Moreno-Gómez ◽  
Rubén Bueno-Marí ◽  
Andrea Drago ◽  
Miguel A Miranda
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Asian Tiger Mosquito ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
The World ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Vector-borne diseases are a worldwide threat to human health. Often, no vaccines or treatments exist. Thus, personal protection products play an essential role in limiting transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) arm-in-cage (AIC) test is the most common method for evaluating the efficacy of topical repellents, but it remains unclear whether AIC testing conditions recreate the mosquito landing rates in the field. This study aimed to estimate the landing rate outdoors, in an area of Europe highly infested with the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894, Diptera: Culididae)), and to determine how to replicate this rate in the laboratory. To assess the landing rate in the field, 16 individuals were exposed to mosquitoes in a highly infested region of Italy. These field results were then compared to results obtained in the laboratory: 1) in a 30 m3 room where nine volunteers were exposed to different mosquito abundances (ranges: 15–20, 25–30, and 45–50) and 2) in a 0.064 m3 AIC test cage where 10 individuals exposed their arms to 200 mosquitoes (as per WHO requirements). The highest mosquito landing rate in the field was 26.8 landings/min. In the room test, a similar landing rate was achieved using 15–20 mosquitoes (density: 0.50–0.66 mosquitoes/m3) and an exposure time of 3 min. In the AIC test using 200 mosquitoes (density: 3,125 mosquitoes/m3), the landing rate was 229 ± 48 landings/min. This study provides useful reference values that can be employed to design new evaluation standards for topical repellents that better simulate field conditions.

Multiple uses of Essential Oil and By-Products from Various Parts of the Yakushima Native Cedar (Cryptomeria Japonica)

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshinori Nakagawa ◽  
Qinchang Zhu ◽  
Hiroya Ishikawa ◽  
Koichiro Ohnuki ◽  
Kenichi Kakino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cryptomeria Japonica ◽  
Multiple Uses ◽  
By Products
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