scholarly journals Elevated Plasma Levels of sIL-2R in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Pathogenic Role for T-Lymphocytes?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna D. Bharwani ◽  
Maaike Dirckx ◽  
Dirk L. Stronks ◽  
Willem A. Dik ◽  
Marco W. J. Schreurs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Good Discriminator ◽  
Soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor

The immune system has long been thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). However, not much is known about the role of the immune system and specifically T-cells in the onset and maintenance of this disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate T-cell activity in CRPS by comparing blood soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels between CRPS patients and healthy controls. CRPS patients had statistically significant elevated levels of sIL-2R as compared to healthy controls (median sIL-2R levels: 4151 pg/ml (Q3 − Q1 = 5731 pg/ml − 3546 pg/ml) versus 1907 pg/ml (Q3 − Q1: 2206 pg/ml − 1374 pg/ml), p<0.001, resp.). Furthermore, sIL-2R level seems to be a good discriminator between CRPS patients and healthy controls with a high sensitivity (90%) and specificity (89.5%). Our finding indicates increased T-cell activity in patients with CRPS. This finding is of considerable relevance as it could point towards a T-cell-mediated inflammatory process in this disease. This could pave the way for new anti-inflammatory therapies in the treatment of CRPS. Furthermore, sIL-2R could be a promising new marker for determining inflammatory disease activity in CRPS.

scholarly journals Serum Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Does Not Differentiate Complex Regional Pain Syndrome from Other Pain Conditions in a Tertiary Referral Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
K. D. Bharwani ◽  
M. Dirckx ◽  
D. L. Stronks ◽  
W. A. Dik ◽  
F. J. P. M. Huygen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Group A ◽  
Soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor

Previously, we showed that serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels, a marker for T-cell activation, were higher in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) patients than in healthy controls, suggesting pathogenic T-cell activation in CRPS. Additionally, sIL-2R levels discriminated well between CRPS and healthy controls with a high sensitivity (90%) and specificity (89.5%), suggesting a possible role for sIL-2R in the diagnosis of CRPS. In order to further validate this marker in the diagnostic workup of CRPS, we conducted this prospective cohort study in which we determined sIL-2R levels in patients that were referred to our tertiary referral center with a suspicion of CRPS in a limb, and subsequently compared sIL-2R levels between the patients that were diagnosed with CRPS (CRPS group) and those who were not (no CRPS group). A group of anonymous blood bank donors were used as a healthy control group. Furthermore, we explored the relationship between sIL-2R and CRPS disease severity using the CRPS severity score. Median sIL-2R levels of both the CRPS group (2809.0 pg/ml; Q3-Q1: 3913.0-1589.0) and no CRPS group (3654.0 pg/ml; Q3-Q1: 4429.0-2095.5) were significantly higher than that of the control group (1515.0 pg/ml; Q3-Q1: 1880.0-1150.0): CRPS vs. controls, p < .001 ; no CRPS vs. controls, p < 0.001 . Serum sIL-2R levels did not differ significantly between the CRPS and no CRPS group. A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between sIL-2R levels and the CRPS severity score ( r s = − 0.468 , p = 0.024 ). Our results confirm our previous findings of higher sIL-2R levels in CRPS patients than in healthy controls. We further showed that serum sIL-2R cannot differentiate between CRPS and other pain conditions of a limb in a tertiary referral setting. Interestingly, a negative correlation was found between sIL-2R and CRPS disease severity; this finding warrants further research into the relationship between sIL-2R and CRPS disease severity.

Use of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels to monitor the progression of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. Vonderheid ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Stuart R. Lessin ◽  
Marcia Polansky ◽  
J.Todd Abrams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Interleukin 2 Receptor ◽  
Soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor

Ultra-high level of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor at diagnosis predicts poor outcome for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 2592-2597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souichi Shiratori ◽  
Mizuha Kosugi-Kanaya ◽  
Akio Shigematsu ◽  
Hajime Kobayashi ◽  
Satoshi Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Interleukin 2 Receptor ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Immunotropic effects in cultured human blood mononuclear cells exposed to a 900 MHz pulse-modulated microwave field

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Łukasz Szymański ◽  
Elżbieta Sobiczewska ◽  
Aleksandra Cios ◽  
Pawel Szymanski ◽  
Martyna Ciepielak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Radiofrequency Radiation ◽  
Set Up

ABSTRACT The specific biological effect of electromagnetic field (EMF) remains unknown even though devices present in our daily lives, such as smartphones and Wi-Fi antennae increase the environmental level of electromagnetic radiation. It is said that the human immune system is able to react to discrete environmental stimuli like EMF. To investigate the effect of 900 MHz microwave stimulation on the immune system our research aimed to analyze lymphocyte proliferation and observe and assess the basic immunoregulatory activities using a newly developed and improved anechoic chamber. Samples of mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from the blood of healthy donors were exposed to 900 MHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency radiation (20 V/m, SAR 0.024 W/kg) twice (15 min each) or left without irradiation (control group). Subsequently, the control and exposed cells were set up to determine several parameters characterizing T cell immunocompetence and monocyte immunogenic activity. Although the microcultures of PBMC exposed to radiofrequency radiation demonstrated higher immunogenic activity of monocytes (LM index) and T-cell response to concanavalin A than control cultures after first exposure, this parameter decreased after a second stimulation. Saturation of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor rose significantly after the second day of exposure. On the other hand, response to mitogen dropped after EMF stimulation. The results suggest that PBMC are able to overcome stress caused by mitogens after stimulation with 900 MHz radiation.

scholarly journals Detection of soluble interleukin-2 receptor and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the effusion of otitis media with effusion

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ganbo ◽  
K.-I. Hisamatsu ◽  
H. Inoue ◽  
K. Kikushima ◽  
A. Mizukoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Cytokine Network ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor ◽  
Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule

We measured sIL-2R, TNF-α and sICAM-1 in the sera and middle ear effusions (MEEs) of patients with otitis media with effusion (OME). Although there was no signmcant difference between the sIL-2R levels of the serous and mucoid MEEs, they were significantly higher than serum sIL-2R levels of OME patients and healthy controls. TNF-α levels of the mucoid MEEs were significantly higher than those of the serous type. However, TNF-α was rarely detected in the sera of OME patients or healthy controls. We observed significant differences between the serous and mucoid MEEs with respect to their sICAM-1 levels, which were also higher than serum slCAM-1 levels of OME patients and healthy controls. Our findings suggested that IL-2, TNF-α and ICAM-1 could be significantly involved in the pathogenesis of OME through the cytokine network.

Photopheresis in HIV-1 Infected Patients (Pt) Using Benzoporphyrin Derivative (BPD-MA) Induces Apoptosis in CD4 Cells, Increases Cytolytic T-Cell Activity, Intracellular Expression of Chemokines, and Decreases HIV Infectivity and Viral Load.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1257-1257
Author(s):  
Zale P. Bernstein ◽  
Thomas Dougherty ◽  
Stanley Schwartz ◽  
Sandra Gollnick ◽  
Carleton Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Immune System ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Viral Control ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract HIV is able to elude both cellular and humoral arms of the immune system; thereby making viral control difficult. Extra corporeal photochemotherapy (ECP) or photopheresis is an immunomodulatory therapy in which lymphocytes are reinfused into the host after exposure to a photoactive compound and ultraviolet A light. It is an effective therapeutic approach to several disorders of the immune system including acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, scleroderma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This process may offer a novel approach to viral control with minimal or no toxicity. We initiated an ex vivo and subsequently a clinical pilot trial utilizing Benzoporphyrin Derivative as the photosensitive compound. Ex vivo dosing studies identified the minimum energy levels of light exposure and concentrations of BPD that eradicated both cell-free and cell-associated HIV-1 infectivity without destroying the virus particles or infected leukocytes. Leukocytes so treated remained viable. They did demonstrate altered cytokine and chemokine expression with apoptosis induced in a minority of CD4 but not CD8 positive cells. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant increase in cytolytic T-cell activity expressed as percentage of granzyme-B release. A pilot in vivo, 24 week clinical trial in seven HIV-1 infected patients (all were required, upon entry, to have viral loads of &gt; 10,000) using the photopheresis parameters established above demonstrated that the treatment was well tolerated and beneficial. Three individuals who had rapidly rising viral loads prior to initiating therapy stabilized once treatment began. Two of which had a (sustained) greater than .5 log decrement and 5 had stable plasma viral loads (less than a .5 log increment or decrement) with varied effects on absolute CD4 and CD8 positive lymphocytes counts. One subject achieved a greater than 1 log decrement in HIV-1 plasma viral load also developed undetectable in vivo cell-free and cell-associated HIV-1 infectivity while demonstrating an increased in vitro lymphocyte mitogen stimulation index. Subsequently, under amended and successor protocol 5 additional 12 month courses were administered to three additional patients and two of the previous enrollees. The area under the curve for viral load (viral load x # of weeks) for these twelve courses of therapy showed a significant decrease from pre to post therapy (p 0.007). There were no significant changes in CD4 or CD8 numbers area under the curve (CD4 number # of weeks and CD8 number x # of weeks). None of the subjects developed an AIDS defining illness during the course of therapy nor were there any treatment associated toxicities. These studies suggest that ECP augments activity of various arms of the immune system without any significant toxicity and may be effective in controlling HIV replication. We now plan a randomized Phase II study utilizing long-term photopheresis (twice monthly for 48 weeks) in addition to anti-retroviral therapy versus anti-retroviral therapy alone to further determine efficacy and mechanism of activity.

The protein pheromone Er-1 of the ciliate Euplotes raikovi stimulates human T-cell activity: Involvement of interleukin-2 system

2013 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Cervia ◽  
Elisabetta Catalani ◽  
Maria Cristina Belardinelli ◽  
Cristiana Perrotta ◽  
Simona Picchietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Activity Involvement ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Euplotes Raikovi
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