scholarly journals Metformin and Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate Enteric-Coated Capsule versus Metformin Alone versus Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate Enteric-Coated Capsule Alone in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Keran Cheng ◽  
Shizan Xu ◽  
Sainan Li ◽  
Yuqing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Enteric Coated Capsule ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Enteric Coated ◽  
Group 1

Objective. The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of metformin combined with diammonium glycyrrhizinate enteric-coated capsule (DGEC) versus metformin alone versus DGEC alone for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Subjects and Methods. 163 patients with NAFLD and T2DM were enrolled in this 24-week study and were randomized to one of three groups: group 1 was treated with metformin alone; group 2 was treated with DGEC alone; group 3 received metformin plus DGEC combination therapy. Anthropometric parameters, liver function, lipid profile, serum ferritin (SF), metabolic parameters, liver/spleen computed tomography (CT) ratio, and fibroscan value were evaluated at baseline and after 8, 16, and 24 weeks of treatment. Results. After 24 weeks, significant improvements in all measured parameters were observed in three groups (P<0.05) except for the improvements in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and metabolic parameters in group 2 which did not reach statistical significance (P>0.05). Compared with group 1 and group 2, the patients in group 3 had greater reductions in observed parameters apart from CB and TB (P<0.05). Conclusions. This study showed that metformin plus DGEC was more effective than metformin alone or DGEC alone in reducing liver enzymes, lipid levels, and metabolic parameters and ameliorating the degree of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD and T2DM.

scholarly journals Lesions of paired eyes at the initial stages of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
S.O. Rykov ◽  
K.V. Korobov ◽  
S.Yu. Mogilevskyy
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Vascular Anomalies ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background. One of the early microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is diabetic retino­pathy (DR). Its main cause is prolonged hyperglycemia, which triggers the development of microangiopathy. In this regard, the issue of damage to paired eyes and the spread of DR in the initial stages has not been fully clarified. The purpose: to study the peculiarities of lesions of paired eyes at the initial stages of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 dia­betes mellitus. Materials and methods. We examined 91 patients with T2DM (182 eyes), who did not have retinopathy according to the International Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale of the American Academy of Ophthalmology (2002). Paired eyes were divided into three groups: group 1 included 132 paired eyes (66 patients) with 10 points according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Group Study (ETDRS); group 2 consisted of 25 eyes with 10 points on ETDRS, and group 3 — 25 paired eyes with retinal vascular anomalies (14–15 points on ETDRS). The patients were examined again after 1 year. According to the ETDRS, Airlie House classification, microaneurysms, microhemorrhages, intraretinal microvascular abnormalities, retinal vascular abnormalities, and retinal nonperfusion were detec­ted. Results. The majority (58.3 %) of paired eyes without initial changes (group 1) had no progression of DR within 1 year, 12.9 % had vascular anomalies (14–15 points on ETDRS), 13.6 % deve­loped mild, and 15.2 % — moderate non-proliferative DR. The highest progression of DR (88.0 % of eyes) was observed in eyes without diabetic vascular changes, which were paired to eyes with such changes (group 2) that was 2.1 times (p < 0.001) higher than the indicator of paired eyes without diabetic changes (group 1; 41.7 %). Most eyes that had mild vascular changes (group 3) progressed to moderate non-proliferative DR after 1 year, which was four times more often than in eyes that had no initial changes (60.0 versus 15.2 %; p < 0.001). DR in the eyes of group 3 with progression accounted for 43–47 points on EDTRS; the visual acuity of these eyes, both before and after 1 year, was significantly lower than in other groups, and the level of glycated hemoglobin in the blood of patients with such eyes was significantly higher. Conclusions. This study established the features of the progression of early stages of DR in patients with T2DM, and the significance of primary retinal vascular anomalies in the presence of which the progression of DR was faster.

Phenylthiocarbamide Taste Perception among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
C. Igbeneghu ◽  
J. M. Olisekodiaka ◽  
J. A. Onuegbu ◽  
O. H. Oyeyode
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Taste Sensitivity ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: To determine whether Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste blindness is associated with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and possible relationship between intake of treatment medications and PTC taste sensitivity. Methodology: The study participants consisted of 100 type 2 DM patients on treatment (group 1) and 100 newly diagnosed type 2 DM patients not on drugs treatment (group 2). Apparently healthy individuals (100) served as controls (group 3). Informed consent was obtained from each participant at the commencement of the study. Tasters and non-tasters were determined using phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste strips (0.0143 mg/strip). Results: In group 1, 66% were non-tasters; in group 2, 60% were non-tasters while 37% in group 3 were non-tasters. Phenylthiocarbamide taste perception varied significantly among the 3 groups studied (p < 0.001). Non-tasters of PTC in groups 1 and 2 were not significantly different (p = 0.38). Non-tasters of PTC in groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.001; OR 3.30 and p = 0.001; OR 2.55 respectively) were significantly higher than non-tasters in the control (group 3). Conclusion: This study shows that inability to taste PTC is associated with type 2 DM. However, intake of DM treatment medications does not appear to have any significant influence on PTC taste sensitivity.

scholarly journals Relation of Iron, TIBC and Oxidative Stress with Glycosylated Haemoglobin in Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nida Afreen Qureshi ◽  
Kavita More ◽  
Sandeep Rai
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Glycosylated Haemoglobin ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Group 1

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Scientific evidences suggest that high iron storage may play a role in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Excess iron accumulation induces organ damage due to the overproduction of ROS through Fenton reaction. Thus, the aim of this study was to find out the relation between serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and oxidative stress (OS) with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The study consisted of 90 subjects, which were divided into 3 different groups; Group 1 compromised of 30 healthy individuals, Group 2 included 30 T2DM patients with normal glycemic control and Group 3 included 30 T2DM patients with poor glycemic control. Blood samples were collected from the three groups and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post-prandial plasma glucose (PPPG), HbA1c, Iron, TIBC, Hemoglobin (HB), Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels were analysed. We found, that mean levels of FPG, PPPG, HbA1c, Iron and MDA were significantly higher (p < 0.05) and mean levels of TIBC, SOD and CAT were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in group 3 as compared to group 2 and group 1. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) observed in iron, TIBC and Hb levels between group 1 and group 2. We found a significant positive correlation of Iron and MDA with HbA1c and significant negative correlation of TIBC, SOD and CAT with HbA1c in group 3. In our study we found significant positive correlation of HbA1c with MDA and iron that indicates poor glycemic control leads to increased glycation of haemoglobin and other heme containing proteins. It causes more release of iron that leading to production of oxidative stress and thereby it might plays significant role in early appearance of diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Study of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with glycemic control

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1637
Author(s):  
Devamsh G. N. ◽  
Parvathi M. ◽  
Madhumathi R. ◽  
Leela Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an indicator of subclinical inflammation. Subclinical inflammation may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Raised NLR is associated with metabolic syndrome and is found to be a predictor of cardiovascular disorders. There are only few studies assessing the correlation between NLR and glycemic control. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between NLR and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods: This observational study was conducted in Department of Medicine, Bangalore medical college. 100 patients diagnosed to have type 2 diabetes mellitus were assessed. They were divided into three groups based upon HbA1c levels: Group 1, HbA1c ≤7%; group 2, HbA1c 7-9%, and group 3, HbA1c>9%. Complete blood count and other relevant investigations were performed. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. T test was used for continuous variables and chi square test for categorical variables. ANOVA test was used to compare three groups. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of 100 patients, the white blood cell count (WBC count) was higher in group 3 as compared to group 1 and group 2(p 0.008). Similarly, the absolute neutrophil count was higher in group 3 as compared to group 1 and group 2(p.017). The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was significantly higher in group 3 as compared with group 1 and group 2(p.009). NLR had a positive correlation with HbA1c and was found to be an independent predictor of poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusConclusions: Our study found a significant positive correlation between NLR and glycemic control. Increased NLR is associated with elevated HbA1c and poor glycemic control. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with raised NLR should be evaluated for cardiovascular, renal and ocular complications of diabetes.

Effect of microalbuminuria on macular thickness in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cemile Ucgul Atilgan ◽  
Kadir Gokhan Atilgan ◽  
Pinar Kosekahya ◽  
Mehtap Caglayan ◽  
Selam Yekta Sendul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: To investigate the effect of microalbuminuria on macular thickness in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus with no or mild diabetic retinopathy and to investigate the relationship between macular thickness and metabolic parameters. Materials and methods: Fifty eight eyes of 58 patients without diabetic retinopathy (group 1) in microalbuminuria stage, 42 eyes of 42 patients with mild diabetic retinopathy (group 2) in microalbuminuria stage, and 50 eyes of 50 patients without diabetic retinopathy and microalbuminuria (group 3) were included in this study. After detailed ophthalmologic examination, all patients underwent spectral domain-optical coherence tomography measurements. Macular thickness was noted from nine different areas (fovea, four parafoveal, and four perifoveal areas) and compared between groups. The correlations between macular thickness and age, duration of diabetes mellitus, microalbuminuria, serum urea, creatinine, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAIc), albumin, sodium (Na), and urinary Na were evaluated. Results: The mean age was 53.29 ± 6.49 in group 1, 55.86 ± 6.97 in group 2, and 52.98 ± 5.66 years in group 3 (p = 0.06). The macular thickness values of superior, inferior, and nasal parafoveal areas were significantly different between groups (p = 0.001, p = 0.006, and p = 0.03, respectively). Bonferroni post test revealed that this difference originated from the difference between group 2 and 3 (p < 0.05 for all values). There were significant negative correlations between the macular thickness values of parafoveal areas and serum urea, HbA1c, albumin, microalbuminuria levels (p < 0.05 for all values). Conclusion: In this study, a significantly decreased parafoveal macular thickness was measured in patients with mild diabetic retinopathy and microalbuminuria compared to patients without diabetic retinopathy and microalbuminuria.

EVALUATION OF SERUM INTERLEUKIN-10 LEVELS AS A BIOMARKER OF GLYCEMIC ALTERATION IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: BIO-CHEMICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Yadav ◽  
Pradeep Shukla ◽  
Varun Dahiya ◽  
Gaurav Malhotra ◽  
Prerna Kataria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: Chronic periodontal disease (CPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) share common pathogenic pathways. This study was aimed to estimate levels the of serum interleukin (IL?10), an anti?inflammatory cytokine also associated with T2DM and evaluate its association with hyperglycemia. Materials and Methods: This investigation involved seventy five participants (55 males, 20 females, 30-55 age group) divided into three groups comprising 25 participants each: Group 1 (healthy controls), Group 2 (CPD patients) and Group 3 (T2DM patients with CPD) . Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depths (PPD), clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing, random blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum IL?10 was measured. Results: Interleukin?10 was detected in all three groups. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed in most of the variables in all groups. IL?10 correlated significantly with PPD in Group 1 and with HbA1c in Group 3. IL?10 levels were lowest in Group 2. Conclusion: Low IL?10 levels associated with high HbA1c. Pathogenic mechanisms of CPD seem to regulate IL?10. Serum IL?10 levels may be one of the predictors of hyperglycemia. Key words: Chronic periodontitis, diabetes mellitus, glycosylated, hemoglobin A, interleukin?10, type 2 diabetes mellitus

the impact of overweight and obesity on the development of systolic and diastolic myocardial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Vanina ◽  
A Pokrovskaya ◽  
V Podzolkov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. OnBehalf I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Background Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) promote the development of systolic and diastolic myocardial dysfunction. The method of equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (ERVG) can be used to estimate these dysfunctions. Purpose We conducted a comparative ERVG evidence-based analysis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and varying degree of overweight. We analyzed the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and ERVG data. Methods The study included 42 patients (8 male and 34 female): group 1 – 12 patients with BMI 25.0-29.9 kg / m2, group 2 – 16 patients with BMI 30.0-34.9 kg / m2, group 3 – 14 patients with BMI 35.0-39.9 kg / m2. The average duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 11 ± 3.8 years. The average age of patients in each group was 65.8 ± 5 y.o., 57.7 ± 6 y.o., 64.6 ± 8 y.o. respectively. The groups were comparable in duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus, level of glycated hemoglobin, presence and severity of combined pathology. The patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis and decompensated heart failure were excluded. The following ERVG indices of left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) were examined: systolic function – ejection fraction (EF), peak (PER) and average (AER) ejection rates, ejection within 1/3 of systole (ejec.1/3 s.), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), diastolic function – peak filling rate (PFR), filling within 1/3 diastole (fil. 1/3 d.), end-diastolic volume (EDV). Results the EF of the LV in all examined patients was more than 40%. In group 2 we discovered an increase in the EDV and ESV indices of the LV, ESV of the RV compared to group 1 (123.8 ± 23.6 ml, 52.4 ± 14.5 ml, 66.3 ± 21.6 ml - in group 2 and 96.5 ± 22.7 ml, 37.9 ± 10.7 ml, 50.2 ± 16.7 ml - in group 1, respectively, p &lt;0.05). SV of the LV in group 3 was considerably larger compared to group 1 (76.4 ± 17.8 ml vs 59.1 ± 15.6 ml, p &lt;0.05). In all groups fil. 1/3 d. for LV and RV was below normal equal to 50% of EF. The correlation analysis revealed a negative association between fil. 1/3 d. of the RV and BMI (r = -0.46, p &lt;0.05) in group 1. Conclusions As long as BMI increases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, there is a significant increase in the ESV of both ventricles and EDV of the LV. The most sensitive ERVG indices during the obesity progression are ESV, EDV, and filling within 1/3 diastole. The revealed diastolic dysfunctions in absence of a significant decrease in EF are a manifestation of a myocardial stiffness. Early diagnosis of these disorders and correction of treatment can improve the prognosis of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and varying degree of overweight.

scholarly journals Advances in high-density lipoprotein physiology: surprises, overturns, and promises

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (1) ◽  
pp. E1-E14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Constantinou ◽  
Eleni A. Karavia ◽  
Eva Xepapadaki ◽  
Peristera-Ioanna Petropoulou ◽  
Eugenia Papakosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Disease States ◽  
And Function

Emerging evidence strongly supports that changes in the HDL metabolic pathway, which result in changes in HDL proteome and function, appear to have a causative impact on a number of metabolic disorders. Here, we provide a critical review of the most recent and novel findings correlating HDL properties and functionality with various pathophysiological processes and disease states, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, inflammation and sepsis, bone and obstructive pulmonary diseases, and brain disorders.

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