scholarly journals A Psychological Perspective on Preterm Children: The Influence of Contextual Factors on Quality of Family Interactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Michela Gatta ◽  
Marina Miscioscia ◽  
Lorenza Svanellini ◽  
Chiara Peraro ◽  
Alessandra Simonelli
Keyword(s):  
Parental Stress ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Preterm Children ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Families With Children

Preterm birth has a critical influence on interactive, communicative, and expressive child behaviour, particularly during the first years of life. Few studies have stressed the assessment of mother-father-child interaction in families with preterm children, generating contradictory results. The present study wished to develop these fields: (i) comparing the quality of family interactions between families with preterm children and families with children born at full term; (ii) observing the development of family interactions after six months in the families with children born preterm; (iii) assessing family and contextual factors, as parental stress and social support, in parents of preterm children in order to observe their influence on the quality of family interactions. 78 families are recruited: 39 families with preterm children (M = 19,8 months, SD = 11,05) and 39 families with full-term children (M = 19,66 months; SD = 13,10). Results show that families with preterm children display a low quality of mother-father-child interactions. After six months, family interactions result is generally stable, except for some LTP-scales reflecting a hard adjustment of parenting style to the evolution of the child. In families with preterm children, the parenting stress seemed to be correlated with the quality of mother-father-child interactions.

Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Communication and Mental Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S127-S127
Author(s):  
F.D. Fernandes ◽  
S. Leticia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Children Development ◽  
Families With Children

Persons with autism need special care during all life and therefore the caretakers need attention too. Parental stress in families with children with autism is significantly higher than the observed in families with children with other disorders or with typical development. Communication is specially affected in autism, is one of parent's first concerns and may increase stress. This study asked if parents of non-verbal children with autism have higher levels of stress than parents of verbal children with autism. The purpose of this study was to assess the stress levels of parents of children with autism and to verify its association with the inability of verbal communication and the relationship to quality of life. Participants were parents of 75 children with autism and 100 parents with no complaints about their children development. They were divided in 3 groups. All participants responded to questionnaires regarding: socio-demographic date, stress level and quality of life. Most parents presented medium level of stress. Presence of speech did not yield to significant differences. More parents of children with autism reported high levels of stress. Associations between the stress level and the quality of life were also observed. It can be concluded that the stress level of parents of children with autism not influenced by their lack of verbal communication.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Family Context Assessment in Middle Childhood: A Tool Supporting Social, Educational, and Public Health Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1094
Author(s):  
Florencia Barreto-Zarza ◽  
Manuel Sánchez de Miguel ◽  
Jesús Ibarluzea ◽  
Llúcia González-Safont ◽  
Marisa Rebagliato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Families With Children

Quality of the family context has an important role in the physical and mental health of children; that is why it is important to have reliable and updated tools. This study aims to design and validate a new tool, the Haezi Etxadi Family Assessment Scale 7–11 (HEFAS 7–11), to assess family context quality in middle childhood. A sample of two cohorts of 772 Spanish families with children aged between 7 and 11 (M = 9.39 years; SD = 1.57; 51.2% girls), participated in the study. Results showed good psychometric properties for the instrument and the confirmatory factor analysis showed a five individual subscales structure: 1. Promotion of Cognitive and Linguistic Development (α = 0.79); 2. Promotion of Socio Emotional Development (α = 0.83); 3. Organization of Physical Environment and Social Context (α = 0.73); 4. Parental Stress & Conflict (α = 0.75); and 5. Parental Profile Fostering Child Development (α = 0.80). The association between HEFAS 7–11 and Trial Making Test was also analyzed to determine the concurrent validity of the instrument. The new scale shows its potential in the fields of research, social and educational, to know those variables that need to be promoted under the approach of positive parenting from a public health perspective.

Quality of life in low-risk preterm children at preschool age.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-214
Author(s):  
Martina Estevam Brom Vieira ◽  
Cibelle Kayenne Martins Roberto Formiga ◽  
Maria Beatriz Martins Linhares
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Preterm Children

scholarly journals Prevalence of Language Delay among Healthy Preterm Children, Language Outcomes and Predictive Factors

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Miguel Pérez-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Language Delay ◽  
Preterm Children ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Extremely Preterm

Language delay (LD) and its relationship with later language impairment in preterm children is a topic of major concern. Previous studies comparing LD in preterm (PT) and full-term (FT) children were mainly carried out with samples of extremely preterm and very preterm children (sometimes with additional medical problems). Very few of them were longitudinal studies, which is essential to understand developmental relationships between LD and later language impairment. In this study, we compare the prevalence of LD in low-risk preterm children to that of FT children in a longitudinal design ranging from 10 to 60 months of age. We also analyze which variables are related to a higher risk of LD at 22, 30 and 60 months of age. Different language tests were administered to three groups of preterm children of different gestational ages and to one group of full-term children from the ages of 10 to 60 months. ANOVA comparisons between groups and logistic regression analyses to identify possible predictors of language delay at 22, 30 and 60 months of age were performed. The results found indicate that there were practically no differences between gestational age groups. Healthy PT children, therefore, do not have, in general terms, a higher risk of language delay than FT children. Previous language delay and cognitive delay are the strongest and longest-lasting predictors of later language impairment. Other factors, such as a scarce use of gestures at 10 months or male gender, affect early LD at 22 months of age, although their effect disappears as children grow older. Low maternal education appears to have a late effect. Gestational age does not have any significant effect on the appearance of LD.

How does the workload applied during the training week and the contextual factors affect the physical responses of professional soccer players in the match?

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412199561
Author(s):  
Berni Guerrero-Calderón ◽  
Maximilian Klemp ◽  
José Alfonso Morcillo ◽  
Daniel Memmert
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Soccer Teams ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Physical Output ◽  
Physical Responses ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this study was to examine whether match physical output can be predicted from the workload applied in training by professional soccer players. Training and match load records from two professional soccer teams belonging to the Spanish First and Second Division were collected through GPS technology over a season ( N = 1678 and N = 2441 records, respectively). The factors playing position, season period, quality of opposition, category and playing formation were considered into the analysis. The level of significance was set at p ≤ .05. The prediction models yielded a conditional R-squared in match of 0.51 in total distance (TD); 0.58 in high-intensity distance (HIRD, from 14 to 24 km · h−1); and 0.60 in sprint distance (SPD, >24 km·h−1). The main finding of this study was that the physical output of players in the match was predicted from the training-load performed during the previous training week. The training-TD negatively affected the match physical output while the training-HIRD showed a positive effect. Moreover, the contextual factors – playing position, season period, division and quality of opposition – affected the players’ physical output in the match. Therefore, these results suggest the appropriateness of programming lower training volume but increasing the intensity of the activity throughout the weekly microcycle, and considering contextual factors within the load programming.

Rolling out a mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention for parents of children with ADHD: a feasibility study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
R. Rice ◽  
A. Ni Bhearra ◽  
K. Kilbride ◽  
C. Lynch ◽  
F. McNicholas
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Social ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction ◽  
Frequent Reason

Background: Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the single most frequent reason for attendance at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in Ireland. Research has suggested that parents of children with ADHD experience more parenting stress than parents of non-clinical controls, yet routine treatment for ADHD rarely addresses parental well-being. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been found to result in a reduction in parental stress. Method: An adapted Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) intervention was delivered to parents (n = 23) of children with ADHD recruited from CAMHS and ADHD Ireland. Results: Following the intervention a significant improvement was documented within the social relationships domain of quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) and a significant reduction on the child hyperactivity scale of the Strengths and Difficulties (SDQ) questionnaire. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that an MBSR intervention is both feasible and effective for parents whose children have ADHD. Larger scale studies need to be conducted before inclusion in routine CAMHS.

scholarly journals Improving the Quality of Children’s Mental Health Care with Progress Measures: A Mixed-Methods Study of PCIT Therapist Attitudes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna C. Klein ◽  
B. Erika Luis Sanchez ◽  
Miya L. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Behavioral Observation ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Therapist Attitudes ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Report Measure

AbstractProgress measures are an evidence-based technique for improving the quality of mental health care, however, clinicians rarely incorporate them into treatment. Research into how measure type impacts clinician preference has been recommended to help improve measure implementation. Parent–Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is an assessment-driven treatment that serves as an ideal intervention through which to investigate measure preferences given its routine use of two types of assessments, a behavioral observation (the Dyadic Parent–Child Interaction Coding System) and a parent-report measure (the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory). This study investigated PCIT therapist attitudes towards progress measures used within PCIT and children’s mental health treatment generally. A mixed-method (QUAN + QUAL) study design examined PCIT therapist attitudes towards two types of progress measures and measures used in two contexts (PCIT and general practice). Multi-level modeling of a survey distributed to 324 PCIT therapists identified predictors of therapist attitudes towards measures, while qualitative interviews with 23 therapists expanded and clarified the rationale for differing perceptions. PCIT therapists reported more positive attitudes towards a behavioral observation measure, the DPICS, than a parent-report measure, the ECBI, and towards measures used in PCIT than in general practice. Clinician race/ethnicity was significantly related to measure-specific attitudes. Qualitative interviews highlighted how perceptions of measure reliability, type of data offered, ease of use, utility in guiding sessions and motivating clients, and embeddedness in treatment protocol impact therapist preferences. Efforts to implement progress monitoring should consider preferences for particular types of measures, as well as how therapists are trained to embed measures in treatment.

Determinants of Paternal Engagement: Investigating Low-Income Fathers’ Caregiving, Play, and Verbal Engagement With Infants

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110315
Author(s):  
Jessica L. McCaig ◽  
Heidi E. Stolz ◽  
Siera J. Reimnitz ◽  
Megan Baumgardner ◽  
Rebecca G. Renegar
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Father Engagement ◽  
Physical Play ◽  
Contextual Determinants ◽  
Paternal Engagement

Extant research highlights the importance of early paternal engagement for children and families. Thus, there is strong support for the exploration of predictors of low-income father engagement. Informed by Belsky’s process model of parenting, this study explores contextual determinants of father–infant engagement (i.e., verbal engagement, physical play, and caregiving) including the unique contributions of the child, the father, and the broader social context. We utilized survey data from a sample of 183 non-residential, cohabitating, and married low-income fathers of infants participating in a home-visiting intervention. Results demonstrated that infant age was associated with increased caregiving and verbal engagement, fathers’ total work hours were negatively correlated with verbal engagement, fathers’ depressive symptoms were linked to increased physical play, and the quality of the coparenting alliance was related to physical play and caregiving. Findings may inform programs designed to promote paternal engagement during infancy.

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