scholarly journals Bioavailability and Assessment of Metal Contamination in Surface Sediments of Rades-Hamam Lif Coast, around Meliane River (Gulf of Tunis, Tunisia, Mediterranean Sea)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rim Ben Amor ◽  
Asma Yahyaoui ◽  
Myriam Abidi ◽  
Lasaad Chouba ◽  
Moncef Gueddari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Gulf Of Tunis ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Geochemical Indices ◽  
Low Toxicity

The total concentration and the speciation of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr) in surface sediments of Rades-Hamam Lif coast were determined, with particular focus on the effect that urban and industrial waste in the Meliane river has on the estuary and coastal surface sediments of the Rades-Hamam Lif coast, off the Mediterranean Sea. Several geochemical indices were applied to assess the risk of contamination and the environmental risks of heavy metals on surface sediments. The total concentrations of these heavy metals are influenced by runoff, industrial, and urban wastewater. The Cd, Pb, Zn, and Ni are affected by anthropogenic sources, especially at the mouth of the Meliane river. The sequential extraction of Cd was presented dominantly in the exchangeable fraction and thus the high potential bioavailability. In contrast, Cr and Cu were mostly bound to the residual fraction indicating their low toxicity and bioavailability. The order of migration and transformation sequence was Cd > Pb > Ni > Zn > Cr > Cu, and the degree of pollution was Cd > Pb > Ni > Zn > Cr > Cu.

scholarly journals Chemical Speciation and Distributon of Heavy Metals in Alluvial Soils of Ondo State

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fadojutimi Paul Olawale ◽  
Aiyesanmi Festus Ademola ◽  
Adelaja Oluwaseun Adekoya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Ondo State

Floodplains are very important for agriculture, since it allows planting of arable crops throughout the year. In order to asses pollution levels of the floodplains due to contamination from flooding,soil samples were collected from six locations across each of the floodplain of Owena river, Ogbese river and Ala river in Ondo State. The study investigated the chemical speciation of Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn in the alluvial soil matrix due to deposition of metals as result of inundation of the floodplains. The heavy metals were quantified using Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometer. The concentration of heavy metals in  exchangeable fraction  are in the order of Ni (BDL-0.26 mg/kg) < Cd (BDL - 0.41 mg/kg) < Cu (0.08-1.33 mg/kg) < Zn (0.27-7.08 mg/kg), in carbonate fraction: Ni (BDL-0.53 mg/kg) < Cd (BDL – 1.83 mg/kg< Cu (0.13-3.02 mg/kg) < Zn (0.64-11.88 mg/kg), in Fe-Mn Oxide fraction: Cd (BDL-0.21 mg/kg)  < Ni (BDL-0.53 mg/kg)  < Cu (0.68-3.03 mg/kg) < Zn (3.05-17.32 mg/kg), In organic fraction: Cd (BDL-0.15 mg/kg) < Cu (0.51-6.00 mg/kg) < Ni (0.73-7.84mg/kg ) < Zn (1.80-21.82 mg/kg), In residual fraction: Cd (0.20-1.28 mg/kg)  <  Cu (1.18-6.19 mg/kg)  <  Zn (2.77-13.97 mg/kg) < Ni (1.54-13.59 mg/kg). Cd and Ni were most abundant in residual fraction, Cu was found to be predominantly associated with organic and residual fractions while, Zn was  predominantly bound to oxidizable and organic fractions The mean concentration of the heavy metals in the floodplains soil were of the order of Zn > Cu > Ni > Cd. The speciation study futher revealed both geogenic and anthropogenic sources contributed to the total metal load of the floodplain soils.

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Assessment of Petroleum Activities in Surface Sediments, Suez Gulf, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Magda M. Abou El-Safa ◽  
Mohamed Gad ◽  
Ebrahem M. Eid ◽  
Ashwaq M. Alnemari ◽  
Mohammed H. Almarshadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Surf Zone ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Suez Gulf

The present study focuses on the risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems by evaluating the current situation of heavy metals in seven locations (North Amer El Bahry, Amer, Bakr, Ras Gharib, July Water Floud, Ras Shokeir, and El Marageen) along the Suez Gulf coast that are well-known representative sites for petroleum activities in Egypt. One hundred and forty-six samples of surface sediments were carefully collected from twenty-seven profiles in the intertidal and surf zone. The hydrochemical parameters, such as pH and salinity (S‰), were measured during sample collection. The mineralogy study was carried out by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and the concentrations of Al, Mn, Fe, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn, Cd, and Pb were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectra (ICP-MS). The ecological risks of heavy metals were assessed by applying the contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (RI). The mineralogical composition mainly comprised quartz, dolomites, calcite, and feldspars. The average concentrations of the detected heavy metals, in descending order, were Al > Fe > Mn > Cr > Pb > Cu > Zn > Ni > Co > Cd. A non-significant or negative relationship between the heavy metal concentration in the samples and their textural grain size characteristics was observed. The coastal surface sediment samples of the Suez Gulf contained lower concentrations of heavy metals than those published for other regions in the world with petroleum activities, except for Al, Mn, and Cr. The results for the CF, EF, and Igeo showed that Cd and Pb have severe enrichment in surface sediment and are derived from anthropogenic sources, while Al, Mn, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn originate from natural sources. By comparison, the PLI and RI results indicate that the North Amer El Bahry and July Water Floud are considered polluted areas due to their petroleum activities. The continuous monitoring and assessment of pollutants in the Suez Gulf will aid in the protection of the environment and the sustainability of resources.

scholarly journals Accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in surface sediments of a semienclosed basin in the southeastern Mediterranean Sea, Egypt

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.M. ABDALLAH
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Geoaccumulation Index ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Surficial Sediments ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Alexandria City

The distribution, enrichment and accumulation of heavy metals in the surficial sediments of the Alexandria City Eastern Harbour (Mediterranean coast of Egypt) were investigated. Surface sediments (in the <63mm fraction) collected from 12 sites representing the entire area of the harbour, were analyzed by AAS for Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb and Al. Metal contents were compared with literature data to assess the pollution status of sediments. Enrichment factors (EFs) and the geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) were calculated as a criterion of possible contamination.

scholarly journals Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Around Iron Tailing Areas at Different Using Status

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Fengmin Song ◽  
Xingchang Zhang ◽  
Yanmin Wang ◽  
Chen Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Background Value ◽  
Local Soil

Heavy metal pollution was a dynamic changing process for a long period and on large spatial scale. The heavy metal content in tailing soil varied with time changing. The distribution and cumulative characteristics of heavy metals in different time and surrounding soil caused by ore dressing and smelting activities were different. The aim of this study was to assess the geochemical characteristics and pollution status of heavy metals in soil around 2 iron tailing areas at different using status. Samples were collected around the 2 different iron tailing and sieved through nylon sieves. Metals were measured in digested solutions by a atomic emission spectrometer. The concentration of all heavy metals (Fe, Mn, V, Cu, Ni) in the soil around using M tailing area exceeded local soil background value; however, the content of all metals except Fe in soil around closed W tailing areas were lower than background value. BCR results showed that average exchangeable fraction of Mn in soil around W and M accounted for 11.87%, 11.78% of the total concentration, respectively; average exchangeable and reducible fractions of Ni accounted for 26.97% and 13.59%, respectively; average oxidizable fraction of Cu accounted for 18.6%, 31.63% in soil around W and M, respectively, which were higher than other metals; residual fraction of Fe, V accounted for more than 80% of the total concentration. The results indicate the soil was moderately contaminated by heavy metal around M and unpolluted around W. However, the risk assessment results performed that Mn showed moderate potential ecological risk and other metals showed low potential risk.

scholarly journals Chemical Speciation and Potential Mobility of some Metals of Selected Farmland in Kogi State, North Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
J.E. Emurotu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
North Central ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Potential Mobility

The contamination of agricultural soils with heavy metals is of concern because if the soil is contaminated, the metals can be transferred to food crops. The availability of these metals to food crops depends on the forms in which they are present in the soils. In this study, sequential extraction technique was applied to assess the exchangeable, carbonate-bound, Fe-Mn oxide bound, organic bound and residual fractions in the topsoil of farmlands in Kogi State, North Central Nigeria. Proportions in non-residual soil phases were 82.6 % Cd, 48.6 % Co, 72.5 % Cu, 73.2 % Ni, 41.9 % Pb, and 84.3 % Zn. Lead (Pb) and cobalt (Co) showed the highest phase of 58.1% and 51.4 %, respectively in the residual phase. The low concentration of lead in the non-residual fraction (41.9 %) and the highly mobileexchangeable phase and pH sensitive carbonate phase is an indication that there is no increase in anthropogenic input of Pb into the environment. Cadmium, zinc and nickel are most abundant in exchangeable fraction and this can be of concern especially cadmium. Keywords: Heavy metals, Metal speciation, Farmlands, Food crops, Metal uptake

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals pollution in sediment of Citarum River, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-593
Author(s):  
Mutia Oktarina Permai Yenny ◽  
Arief Hartono ◽  
Syaiful Anwar ◽  
Yumei Kang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution

Heavy metals have been reported to accumulate in sediment of Citarum River. The measurement of total heavy metals may not be able to provide information about the exact dimension of pollution, thus the determination of different fractions assumed great importance. This study was performed to determine chemical fractions of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Cd) in sediment collected at 8 locations from Citarum River. The sequential extraction procedure was used to extract heavy metals in water-soluble, acid-soluble, MnO occluded, organically bound, FeO occluded and residual fraction in sediment. Bioavailability and potential ecological risk level of heavy metals were evaluated based on bioavailability factor (BF) and risk assessment code (RAC) method. The results showed that Cu, Ni, Cr were mostly in residual form, indicate those from geological sources. Cu had low bioavailability and no risk in all sediment samples of Citarum River. Ni and Cr each was found to have risk at 2 locations. Pb and Cd were found dominantly in non-residual fraction, suggest those from anthropogenic sources. BF and RAC analysis of Pb and Cd suggest that there is a potential risk to the aquatic environment.

scholarly journals Heavy metal pollution status in surface sediments of the Khajeh Kory River, north Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1148-1158
Author(s):  
Maryam Zare Khosheghbal ◽  
Marjan Esmaeilzadeh ◽  
Fereydoun Ghazban ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Charmsazi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Riverbed Sediments

Abstract This study aimed at exploring the extent of likely sources of heavy metal pollution in sediments of the Khajeh Kory riverbed in the north of Iran. In order to assess the heavy metal contamination, samples from surface sediments in 10 stations covering the river were collected and analysed to determine heavy metal contents including Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn, Co, Al, and Fe. Three guidelines were applied to assess the heavy metal contamination. Compared with the global average values, the calculated enrichment factors indicated high values for Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, and Cu, and very high values for Pb and Zn. The results obtained from principal component analysis revealed that the geogenic and anthropogenic sources were the main causes of the widespread enrichment of heavy metals in the riverbed sediments. The results suggested that the riverbed sediments were contaminated with heavy metals, which contribute to the freshwater toxicity in the ecosystem of the Khajeh Kory River.

scholarly journals Chemical Speciation of some Heavy Metals in Sand Filter Media [SFM] Waste Dumpsite in Yenagoa, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-556
Author(s):  
I.L. Ikoko ◽  
C.I. Osu ◽  
M. Horsfall
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Speciation Analysis ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
Chemical Availability ◽  
Living Organisms

The chemical speciation of five heavy metals [HMs] in spent sand-filter-media [SFM] waste dumpsite was investigated with a view to ascertain their distribution and chemical availability of the heavy metals in the dumpsite. Samples were collected at the surface, 100cm depth of the dumpsite and 100m away from the dumpsite and analysed using FAAS for total concentration of Cr, Fe, Mn. Ni and Pb. Speciation analysis was carried out usingmodified Tessier’s sequential extraction method. The percentage concentrations showed that Pb occurred more at the exchangeable fraction with 90.6% at the top, 91.34% at 100cm depth. This signifies that Pb is biochemically available for in-take by living organisms. Fe had the highest concentration by mass 12mg/g but its occurrence of between 22- 28% is in the residual/inert fraction. Ni had 40% in the exchangeable and  carbonate fractions at the surface and at 100cm depth. Cr had highest exchangeable fraction of 46.29% and 45.59% at the surface and 100cm depth of the SFM. Mn had 37.30% and 42.26% at the surface and at 100cm depth of the SFM. Although Fe had highest concentration by mass, it is least biochemically available occurring more at the residual/inert fraction while the other four metals [Pb, Ni, Cr, Mn] are all biochemically available for intake by organisms and may enhance biochemical accumulation overtime and finally become harmful to living organisms around that dumpsite. Keywords: Speciation, Heavy metals, Sand Filter Media, Waste Dumpsite

Enrichment, inter-relationship, and fractionation of heavy metals in road-deposited sediments of Sydney, Australia

Soil Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamer Mohammed ◽  
Paripurnanda Loganathan ◽  
Andrew Kinsela ◽  
Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran ◽  
Jayakumar Kandasamy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Total Concentrations ◽  
Tyre Wear ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Sydney Australia

Urban road-deposited sediments (RDS) are potential sources of heavy metal pollution of both terrestrial and aquatic environments. We determined the heavy metals enrichments, their possible sources, and potential bioavailability and mobility in RDS from nine sites along major motorways of Sydney, the largest city with highest road traffic density in Australia. Mean total concentrations of metals in the RDS decreased in the order: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cd. The corresponding order in the background soils (minimally contaminated from roads) was: Fe > Mn > Zn ~ Ni > Cu ~ Pb > Cr > Cd. Both the pollution index (PI) and metal enrichment factor (EF), which are comparative measures between contaminated and uncontaminated sites, were highest for Cu and Zn. Inputs of Cu and Zn to RDS were likely to be mainly the result of brake and tyre wear, respectively. Cluster and correlation analyses showed that while the concentrations of these two metals were related in the soil, they were not correlated in RDS. Low PI and EF values as well as the close inter-relationships of Fe, Mn, Cr, and Ni in both RDS and soils suggest that these metals were derived mainly from natural sources. Metal fractionation data showed 50–95% of Cr and Fe in RDS to be present in the immobile and bio-unavailable residual fraction, whereas 15–65% of Zn was contained in the exchangeable fraction, which is considered to be mobile and bioavailable.

Vertical distribution and speciation of heavy metals in stormwater infiltration facilities: possible heavy metals release to groundwater

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Aryal ◽  
H. Furumai ◽  
F. Nakajima ◽  
M. A. Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Future Possibility ◽  
The Road ◽  
Speciation Study ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Stormwater Infiltration ◽  
Underlying Soil

The infiltration inlet facilities on the side of the road along with the sewage system have been constructed two decades ago in highly urbanized residential area in Tokyo. Possible release of heavy metals from the infiltration inlet was studied by analyzing sediment samples in different vertical depth. Seven heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb) were measured. The heavy metal contents in sediment decreased with depth. The low content of heavy metals at the bottom sediment compared to the top indicated possible release of heavy metals from the inlet sediment. The heavy metals speciation study showed that the order of the extractability/mobility in the sediment in acid exchangeable fraction was Zn and Mn&gt;Co&gt;Ni&gt;Cu &gt;Cr and Pb. The mobility order in road dust also followed the similar pattern. In reducible fraction (metal oxide bound) Pb was the most mobile in the sediment while the other metals mobility order was not similar. In oxidizable fraction (organic and sulfide bound) the order was different for the sediment and road dusts. The residual fraction contained 18 to 83% heavy metals. The presence of heavy metals in acid exchangeable, reducible and oxidizable fractions indicated a future possibility of their release to the underlying soil and the groundwater.

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