Morphological Seed Characterization of Common (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) and Runner (Phaseolus coccineusL.) Bean Germplasm: A Slovenian Gene Bank Example

Genetic resources comprised of 953 accessions of common (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) and 47 accessions of runner (Phaseolus coccineusL.) bean from the national Slovene gene bank were characterized using fourteen morphological seed descriptors. Seeds of each accession were evaluated for six quantitative characteristics: seed length, seed thickness, seed width, seed length/width ratio, seed width/thickness ratio, and 100 or 10 seed weight. Furthermore, seeds were evaluated using eight qualitative characteristics: seed colour; number of seed colours; primary/main seed colour; predominant secondary seed colour; distribution of secondary seed colour; seed veining; seed shape; and seed colour (primary and secondary) and coat pattern. For each, common, and runner bean collection, first four components within principal component analysis explained 75.03% and 80.16% of morphological variability, respectively. Regarding Ward’s method and squared Euclidian distance, three clusters with the most distinct characteristics were established for each species. The results of morphological seed characterization indicate the origin (Andean, Mesoamerican, putative hybrids between gene pools) and domestication pathways of common and runner bean. This is the first study describing morphological seed characteristics of the entire common and runner bean germplasm conserved in one of the Central European bean collections. The results obtained in this study are serving as the useful information on genetic diversity of common and runner bean accessions at the Slovene gene bank, which could be used for development of new bean varieties for studied seed characteristics.

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Evaluation of Traits Associated With Seed Characteristics in Arkansas Restorer Lines

10.21203/rs.3.rs-790450/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ozgur Azapoglu ◽

Vibha Srivast ◽

Xueyan Sha ◽

Ehsan Shakiba

Keyword(s):

Hybrid Rice ◽

Width Ratio ◽

Rice Grain ◽

University Of Arkansas ◽

Qtl Detection ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Seed Length ◽

Length Width ◽

Seed Width ◽

Seed Characteristics

Abstract Rice Grain dimension and weight are two critical factors for marketing and increasing yield capacity. Seed shape is measured by its length, width, thickness, and ratio of length-width. In this study, an experiment was conducted in a controlled condition from fall 2017 to 2020 to identify QTL and candidate genes associated with seed dimension and weight using a bi-parental population resulting from two University of Arkansas developed genotypes: a restorer line 367R and an advanced breeding line RU1501139, in Stuttgart, Arkansas. Five seed dimension traits, including seed length, seed width, seed thickness, seed length-width ratio, and 100-seeds weight, were obtained for QTL detection. The study detected a total of 17 QTL. Four QTL associated with seed length were identified, in which two were positioned on chr. 3, one on chr. 7, and one on chr. 11. Two QTL related to seed length-width ratio were detected on chr. 3 and 7. Whereas a total of three QTL were identified for seed thickness, one each on chr. 5, 6, and 8. Eight QTL associated with seed weight were found, of which four QTL were detected on chr. 12, two each on chr. 1 and 10, and one on chr. 3. Of 17 QTL, four QTL originated from RU1501139, while the origin of the other 13 QTL was 367R. Since multiple genes could control the yield and seed physical characteristics, the detected QTL can play a role in introducing superior parental lines for developing conventional and hybrid rice production.

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Seed Characteristics Diversity in Sponge Gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca Mill.) Germplasms from Hatay Region in Turkey

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Horticulture ◽

10.15835/buasmvcn-hort:000118 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Kazım MAVİ ◽

Kazim GÜNDÜZ ◽

Dilek YILDIRIM ◽

Fulya UZUNOĞLU

Keyword(s):

Core Collection ◽

Gene Pools ◽

Seed Traits ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Seed Length ◽

Mini Core Collection ◽

Wide Range ◽

Sponge Gourd ◽

Length Width ◽

Seed Characteristics

The objective of this study was to evaluate seed characteristics of sponge gourd, to establish a core collection of sponge gourd with the germplasm collected throughout the Hatay region. A mini-core collection was assessed for morphological performance and some seed traits. Substantial variations of seed characteristics: seed length, seed width, seed thickness (mm), seed index (length/width), seed size (length × width, mm2), seed colour, seed-coat surface, seed shape, seed wing, and 100-seed weight were investigated. Seed length, width and thickness were varied as 15.12-8.97 mm, 9.71-6.25 mm and 2.86-2.16 mm respectively. The seed sizes were determined from small (31 DÖ 06) to big (31 DE 04). Seed colours were ranged from black to white, even a brown colour like 07 MA 01. A hundred seed weights were observed as 16.43 g (31 AL 02) and 7.41 (31 DÖ 06). The results of dendrogram indicated that seed traits of the sponge gourd genotypes were separating in five groups. This collection of sponge gourds will be useful for the gene pools and a wide range of phenotypic variations to provide a good source of diversity for developing of sponge gourd cultivars in breeding programs.

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Variasi Karakter Biji dan Korelasinya dengan Kadar Minyak pada Plasma Nutfah Tanaman Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annus L.)

Buletin Tanaman Tembakau Serat & Minyak Industri ◽

10.21082/bultas.v6n2.2014.91-98 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Anik Herwati ◽

Tantri Dyah Ayu Anggraeni

Keyword(s):

Oil Content ◽

Selection Process ◽

Breeding Programme ◽

Seed Colour ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Seed Length ◽

Quantitative Characters ◽

Helianthus Annus ◽

Qualitative Characters ◽

Seed Width

Tanaman bunga matahari (Helianthus annus L.) adalah salah satu tanaman penghasil minyak nabati yang sehat dan bermutu. Salah satu upaya peningkatan produksi minyak adalah dengan program pemuliaan ta-naman melalui perakitan varietas unggul yang mempunyai produktivitas dan kandungan minyak tinggi. Pro-ses pemuliaan tanaman memerlukan keragaman genetik dan proses seleksi. Oleh karena itu evaluasi sumber daya genetik yang ada perlu dilaksanakan, salah satunya pada karakter biji. Sedangkan untuk memudahkan proses seleksi perlu diketahui karakter yang berkorelasi positif dengan produksi minyak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variasi karakter biji dan korelasinya dengan kadar minyak. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada tahun 2011 di Laboratorium Benih Balittas dan Laboratorium Kimia Universitas Brawijaya untuk uji ka-dar minyak. Jumlah aksesi bunga matahari yang diuji ada 19 aksesi bunga matahari hasil rejuvenasi tahun 2011. Dari tiap aksesi, diambil 300 gram benih hasil panen yang belum disortir, yang diambil secara acak dan diulang 3 kali. Pengamatan dilakukan pada karakter kualitatif yaitu warna biji, garis pada biji, dan ben-tuk biji, dan karakter kuantitatif yaitu bobot 100 biji, panjang, dan lebar biji, serta kadar minyak. Hasil pe-ngamatan pada karakter kualitatif menunjukkan variasi pada warna biji, garis (stripes), dan bentuk biji. Pada karakter kuantitatif, nilai koefisien keragaman (KK) pada semua karakter yang diamati mencapai lebih dari 20%. Karakter yang paling bervariasi adalah kadar minyak biji. Hasil pengujian korelasi menunjukkan karak-ter bobot 100 biji berkorelasi positif dengan karakter panjang, lebar, dan bentuk biji, dan berkorelasi negatif dengan karakter kandungan minyak. Sedangkan ukuran biji dan kadar minyak tidak menunjukkan korelasi yang nyata. Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is one of vegetable oil crops that produce healthy and high quality oil. In-creasing oil content could be reached by breeding programme to obtain new variety with high productivity and oil content. Breeding programme needs genetic diversity and selection process. So, germplasm evalu-ation, especially for seed characteristic must be done. To make selection process easier determination cha-racters that correlate with oil content needs to be conducted. This experiment aimed to evaluate variation in seed characteristics and to determine correlation between seed characters and oil content on sunflowers. Experiment was done in 2011 on Seed Laboratory ISFCRI and Brawijaya University Laboratory (oil content extraction). Plant materials are 19 s unflower accesions. For each accesion, 300 grams seed were taken ran-domly and replicated 3 times. Observation was done on qualitative characters i.e. seed colour, seed stripes, and seed shape and quantitative characters i.e. 100 seeds weight, seed length, and seed width, also oil con-tent. Result showed that there were variations among seed colour, seed stripes, and seed shape (qualitative characters). Coefficient variation (CV) was more than 20% for all quantitative characters and the highest was being reached by oil content. Correlation evaluation resulted that 100 seeds weight had positive corre-lations with seed length, seed width, and seed shape, but had a negative correlation with oil content. How-ever, seed size wasn’t correlate with oil content.

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Characterization and evaluation of exotic groundnut (Arachis hypogea .L) genotypes

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.v4i2.7781 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

YP J. AMARASINGHE ◽

HRI UDAYANGANIE ◽

BW WICKRAMASINGHE ◽

G. WIJESINGHE ◽

R.W. PUSHPAKUMARA

Keyword(s):

Grain Legumes ◽

Seed Length ◽

Phenotypic Data ◽

Arachis Hypogea ◽

Oil Crops ◽

Seed Width ◽

Genetic Pool ◽

Development Center ◽

Seed Characteristics ◽

100 Seed Weight

Groundnut being one of most important oil crops, exotic genotypes is very important in broadening the genetic pool of and it is the basis for successful breeding program. A study was conducted to characterize and evaluate three exotic groundnut genotypes with two recommended varieties at Grain Legumes and Oil Crops Research and Development Center, Angunakolapelessa, Sri Lanka during yala season. All phenotypic data were collected according to the Descriptor for grain legumes and oil crops. Growth habit, pod characters and pod sizes were shown significant amount of morphological variation, while the maturity of Line No.201 was similar to check varieties, where can be included in short duration group. Line No. 202 can be considered as important, in which most of the yield parameters were high in that line. According to the seed characteristics such as 100 seed weight, seed length and seed width, all genotypes can be categorize in to medium sized category. Pod yield was varied between 800-1400 kg/ha among the genotypes. These findings would broaden the understanding of the genetic background of exotic genotypes, can be exploited through hybridization.

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Seed Micromorphology of Eleven Species of Pleione (Orchidaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.528.4.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 528 (4) ◽

pp. 229-239

Author(s):

ZHONGXUAN WANG ◽

HAO ZHANG ◽

SI QIN ◽

LE YOU ◽

JUNWEN ZHAI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Seed Coat ◽

Width Ratio ◽

Seed Length ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Quantitative Characteristics ◽

Length Width ◽

Seed Micromorphology ◽

Seed Width

The micromorphological characteristics of the seeds of 11 species of Pleione have been studied, both qualitatively and quantitatively, to establish whether they are useful for systematic studies of the genus. The quantitative characteristics include seed length (0.237–0.626 μm), seed width (0.053–0.133 μm), seed length/width ratio (2.631–7.279), seed ridge thickness (1.4 E-3–4 E-3μm) and seed volume (1.88 E-4–3.06 E-3 μm3). The cluster analysis result agrees well with the results of previous systematic studies. The cluster analysis shows that: P. coronaria, P. forrestii and P. yunnanensis form a group, while the remaining eight species form a second group, with three subgroups, namely: P. limprichtii, P. pleionoides, P. formosana as group I; P. hookeriana and P. bulbocodioides as group II; and P. praecox, P. scopulorum and P. maculata for group III. All the Pleione species of Sect. Pleione and Sect. Humiles show the fusion of adjacent seed coat cells into a network. The shape of the seeds of P. praecox and P. maculata are very similar--being oval, and the mesh walls of their adjacent seed coat cells are not fused. Within these sections no clear pattern can be seen between the species, but the addition of further species might clarify the differences between Sect. Pleione and Sect. Humiles.

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Seed flora of La Pérouse Bay, Manitoba, Canada: a DELTA database of morphological and ecological characters

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b00-021 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. 481-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E R Chang ◽

T A Dickinson ◽

R L Jefferies

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Seed Morphology ◽

Hudson Bay ◽

Soil Cores ◽

James Bay ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Seed Length ◽

Ecological Information ◽

The World ◽

Seed Width

An identification database for seeds in coastal habitats at La Pérouse Bay, Manitoba, Canada, was developed using the DELTA (DEscriptive Language for Taxonomy) format and the program INTKEY. The database should be applicable throughout the coastal lowlands of the Hudson Bay and James Bay regions as similar plant assemblages are present. The database, based upon morphological characteristics and also incorporating ecological information, was used to identify seed specimens found in soil cores and seed traps. The most useful characters for identifying seeds were seed length, seed width, and seed shape. The database is available on the World Wide Web at http://prod.library.utoronto.ca/polyclave/. The seed flora is also documented in the form of a checklist, the first one published for the La Pérouse Bay region; this checklist is also applicable to other coastal areas in the Hudson Bay lowlands.Key words: Arctic, DELTA, floristics, identification, seed morphology.

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Detection and Mapping of RAPD Markers Associated with QTL Affecting Seed Size and Shape in Common Bean

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.547b ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 547b-547

Author(s):

Soon O. Park ◽

Dermot P. Coyne ◽

Geunhwa Jung ◽

E. Arnaud-Santana ◽

H. Ariyarathne

Keyword(s):

Linkage Group ◽

Common Bean ◽

Seed Size ◽

Phenotypic Variation ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Rapd Marker ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Seed Length ◽

Ri Lines

Seed size is an important trait in common bean. The objective was to identify RAPD markers associated with QTL for seed weight, seed length, and seed height in a molecular marker-based linkage map in a recombinant inbred (RI) population from the common bean cross of the larger seeded (100 seed/39 to 47 g) PC-50 (ovate seed shape) × smaller seeded (100 seed/26 to 35 g) XAN-159 (flat rhomboidal seed shape). The parents and RI lines were grown in two separate greenhouse and two field (Wisconsin, Dominican Republic) experiments using a RCBD. Continuous distributions for seed weight, seed length, and seed height were observed for RI lines indicating quantitative inheritance. One to three QTLs affecting seed weight explained 17% to 41% of the phenotypic variation. Two to three QTLs for seed length explained 23% to 45% of the phenotypic variation. One to four QTL associated with seed height explained 17% to 39% of the phenotypic variation. A RAPD marker M5.850 in linkage group 3 was consistently associated with seed weight, seed length, and seed height in all experiments and explained 7% to 13% of the phenotypic variation for these traits. A seedcoat pattern morphological marker (C) in linkage group 1 was associated with seed weight and seed height in two greenhouse experiments.

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Seed Width to Pod Width Ratio for Identification of Green Soybean Pods that have Attained Maximum Length and Width 1

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183x002200030006x ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 463-466

Author(s):

S. Rodriguez de Cianzio ◽

S. J. Frank ◽

W. R. Fehr

Keyword(s):

Maximum Length ◽

Width Ratio ◽

Seed Width

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Short-term study on the yak dung seed bank on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: effects of grazing season, seed characteristics and forage preferences

Plant and Soil ◽

10.1007/s11104-021-05009-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shulin Wang ◽

Fujiang Hou

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Plant Species ◽

Seed Bank ◽

Seedling Density ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Grazing Season ◽

Size And Shape ◽

Foraging Preferences ◽

Seed Characteristics ◽

Yak Dung

Abstract Aims Viable seeds in herbivore dung constitute the dung seed bank, and the contribution of livestock dung to this seed bank in grazing pastures is often overlooked. Grazing season (warm and cold), seed characteristics (size and shape), and forage preference are the main factors that affect the size and composition of the dung seed bank and ultimately affect grassland ecology. However, how these three factors interact is unclear. Methods We collected yak dung as well as seeds of the common plant species from warm- and cold-season alpine meadows in northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and explored how grazing season (warm and cold), seed characteristics (size and shape) and foraging preferences (temporary cages method) affects yak dung seedling density, richness and diversity in an alpine pasture. Results Forty-three plant species (mainly perennials) germinated from yak dung. Dung seedling density, richness, and diversity did not differ significantly between the two grazing seasons. Small to medium-sized spherical seeds (seed size < 10 mg, shape index < 0.5) had the greatest germination potential. Conclusions Yaks vary their forage preference depending on the season (phenological period), and endozoochory occurs throughout both grazing seasons. Seed shape and size directly regulate the dung seedling density, richness, and diversity. Dung seedlings increase the heterogeneity of the aboveground vegetation near the microsites of the dung pieces and therefore promote grassland patching. Our study demonstrates that grazing season, seed characteristics, and yak forage preferences affect the dung seed bank in grazing ecosystems.

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Remarks Using the SEM method Species Seeds of Gentiana occurring in Turkey

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582017350100007 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (0) ◽

Author(s):

E. ALÇITEPE ◽

S. ERKEN ◽

F. GÜLBAG ◽

M.E. ÖZZAMBAK

Keyword(s):

Cell Size ◽

Morphological Character ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Different Types ◽

Seed Micromorphology ◽

Periclinal Walls ◽

First Time ◽

Seed Characteristics ◽

Wing Cell

ABSTRACT Seeds of eleven perennial Gentiana collected from Turkey were analyzed using the SEM method. Other species excluding G. septemfida, G. boissieri, G. gelida were studied for the first time. They were identified and compared in terms of seed characteristics and surface ornamentations. Major characteristics including the outer periclinal walls of testa, sculpting of inner periclinal walls, seed shape, seed and testa cell, wing cell size, thickness of testa wall and seed shape have been proposed for Turkey Gentiana. They are divided into different types, such as no wing, chalazal wing, incomplete discoid wing, complete discoid wing according to the outer periclinal walls of testa. Considering primary sculpting of seeds, irregularly striate and shallowly reticulate type is observed. Anticlinal walls of G. olivieri, G. boissieri and G. gelida are curved, while others are straight. G. lutea has the largest mean seed (4.20 x 4.40 mm), while G. cruciata (0.67 x 0.60 mm) and G. olivieri have the smallest mean seeds (0.67 x 0.67 mm). Seed micromorphology can be used together with morphological character to form classifications in studied specimens for Gentiana genus.

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