Dry Eye Indexes Estimated by Keratograph 5M of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients without Secondary Sjögren’s Syndrome Correlate with Lupus Activity

Purpose. To investigate the incidence, severity, and influencing factors of dry eye in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients without secondary Sjögren’s syndrome (sSS). Methods. A total of 78 patients who were diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus and met inclusion criteria were selected as the study subjects in this cross-sectional study. Tear meniscus height (TMH) and noninvasive Keratograph tear breakup time (NIKBUT) including NIKBUT-first and NIKBUT-average of the subjects were measured using a noninvasive ocular analyzer, the Keratograph 5M (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). Symptoms related to dry eye were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). The severity of SLE was evaluated by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Results of the levels of 4 serum antibodies were collected from the patients’ medical records. Correlations between SLEDAI and various ocular surface parameters were analyzed, and multiple-factor binary logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results. In the study subjects, mean TMH was 0.22 mm, mean NIKBUT-first was 9.12 s, and mean OSDI was 13.14. The subjects (19 eyes) whose NIKBUT-average was < 10 s and OSDI was ≥ 13 accounted for 24.36% of all the included patients. SLEDAI showed a statistically significant correlation with TMH (r = −0.233, p=0.040), NIKBUT-first (r = −0.254, p=0.025), NIKBUT-average (r = −0.343, p=0.002), and OSDI (r = 0.256, p=0.024). According to multiple-factor binary logistic regression analysis, SLEDAI could be considered as a risk factor of the incidence of dry eye in SLE patients without sSS. Conclusions. One-fourth of the SLE patients without sSS suffered from dry eye, and the severity of dry eye correlated with the activity of SLE.

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Prognostic nutritional index is correlated with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203318787058 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (10) ◽

pp. 1697-1705 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S S Ahn ◽

S M Jung ◽

J J Song ◽

Y-B Park ◽

S-W Lee

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Lymphocyte Count ◽

Prognostic Nutritional Index ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Nutritional Index ◽

Laboratory Variables

The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which is calculated using serum albumin level and total lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood, is regarded as an index that reflects the immunonutritional status of patients. PNI was calculated in 217 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients according to the following formula: 10 × serum albumin value (g/dL) + 0.005 × peripheral lymphocyte count (/mm3). Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to elucidate the correlation between continuous variables. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the correlation between laboratory variables and SLE Disease Activity Index-2000 (SLEDAI-2 K) and to differentiate between active and inactive SLE. Ninety-three patients were classified as active SLE (SLEDAI-2 K ≥ 5) and 124 as inactive SLE. Patients with active SLE exhibited lower median PNI than those with inactive SLE (39.0 vs. 49.1, p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed PNI as an independent predictor of active SLE. Multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that PNI was significantly correlated with laboratory variables of SLEDAI-2 K, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and SLEDAI-2 K. Furthermore, in patients who switched from active to inactive SLE after treatment ( n = 55), PNI increased as disease activity improved ( p < 0.001), which suggests that PNI may be useful for estimating SLE activity.

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Predictors of mortality in children with systemic lupus erythematosus

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi59.1.2019.1-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Fanny Listiyono ◽

Indah K. Murni ◽

Sumadiono Sumadiono ◽

Cahya Dewi Satria

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Medical Records ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Sledai Score ◽

Predictors Of Mortality ◽

One Year

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem chronic disease with a relatively high mortality rate in children, despite improvements in prognosis and survival rate over the past decade. Studies on the predictors of mortality in children with SLE, especially in low- and middle-income countries, are limited. Objective To determine the predictors of mortality of children with SLE. Methods This was case-control study using data from medical records of children with SLE at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, between 2009 and 2017. Subjects were children aged <18 years diagnosed with SLE. Cases were those who died within one year of diagnosis; the controls were those who were discharged alive. From subjects’ medical records, we collected clinical data including age, sex, date of diagnosis, nutritional status, anti-dsDNA antibody, antinuclear antibody (ANA), hypertension, disease activity based on the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score, proteinuria, thrombocytopenia, mortality/survival outcome, date of death, cause of death, and clinical data including fever, seizures, antibiotic used, microbial culture outcomes, and infection-related diagnoses. We performed bivariate analysis of the association between predictor variables (SLEDAI score, proteinuria, infection, hypertension, and seizures) and mortality outcome (survival or death), followed by logistic regression analysis. Results Eighty-four patients with SLE were included, of which 72 were female. Median age at diagnosis was 14 (range 4-18) years. Twenty-three patients (27%) died within one year after diagnosis. The most common causes of death were infection and renal failure in 8/23 and 7/23 subjects, respectively. On bivariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with mortality were hypertension (OR 3.34, 95%CI 1.22 to 9.14) and infection (OR 3.71; 95%CI 1.36 to 10.12). Seizures, proteinuria, and SLEDAI score were not found to be significantly associated with mortality. On logistic regression analysis, infection was the only significant predictor of mortality (OR 3.22; 95%CI 1.15 to 9.05). Conclusion Among the factors studied, infection is significantly associated with mortality in children with SLE.

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AB0281 MORTALITY PREDICTORS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: A SINGLE TERTIARY CENTER REFERRAL EXPERIENCE

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.941 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1166.2-1167

Author(s):

C. M. Gamboa-Alonso ◽

G. Figueroa-Parra ◽

A. L. De-Leon-Ibarra ◽

M. Á. Villarreal-Alarcón ◽

J. Díaz-Angulo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Renal Involvement ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

University Hospital ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Tertiary Center

Background:Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous chronic multisystemic disease that has an increased risk of requiring inpatient management with higher morbidity and mortality rates.The most frequent causes of mortality are a high disease activity, infections, and cardiovascular diseases.Objectives:To determine the predictors of mortality in patients diagnosed with SLE.Methods:A longitudinal, descriptive, observational study was performed from March 2017-March 2020 at the University Hospital of the Autonomous University of Nuevo León, México, including patients with a diagnosis of SLE according to the ACR-EULAR 2012/2019 criteria.Descriptive statistics were used for demographic variables. Associations between mortality and clinical variables were determined using binary logistic regression analysis; a p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The SPSS program version 20 was used.Results:One-hundred and eighty-six patients with SLE diagnosis who fulfilled ACR-EULAR 2012/2019 criteria were included, 161 (86.6%) were women; the mean age was 35.8 (SD 15.41) years. The main chief complaints were dyspnea 31 (16.7%), fever in 28 (15.1%), renal involvement in 21 (11.29%), and arthritis in 19 (10.22%) patients.Of the 186 patients, 34 (18.3%) had a readmission, 13 (7%) required intensive care unit management, 68 (36.6%) had some type of infection and 22 (11.8%) died. Factors associated with mortality are shown in table 1.Patients receiving steroids and immunosuppression previous to hospitalization were 73 (39.2%) and 92 (49.5%) respectively.Conclusion:Infections remain the leading cause of death in SLE patients. Factors that predispose to infections are a chronic use of steroids and immunosuppression as well as high activity of disease.References:[1]Wu X-Y, Yang M, Xie Y-S, Xiao W-G, Lin J, Zhou B, et al. Causes of death in hospitalized patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a 10-year multicenter nationwide Chinese cohort. Clin Rheumatol. enero de 2019;38(1):107-15.Table 1.Association between clinical and therapeutic factors with mortality in SLE patients.Factors associated with mortalityUnivariadoMultivariadoβ (95 % IC)β (95 % IC)□Age0.93 (0.96-1.02)0.98 (0.96-1.02)Use of mechanical ventilation3.83 (1.07-13.4)*3.07 (0.59-16.04)Previous use of steroids3.92 (1.51-10.15)*2.04 (0.58-7.35)Previous use of immunosupression4.04 (1.42-11.45)*2.85 (0.71-11.48)Infection3.57 (1.41-9.01)*3.25 (1.19-8.86)*p <0.05 *Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Prevalence, risk factors, and impact on mortality of neuropsychiatric lupus: a prospective, single-center study

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203318772021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 1338-1347 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

G Y Ahn ◽

D Kim ◽

S Won ◽

S T Song ◽

H-J Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Antiphospholipid Antibody ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Risk Of Mortality ◽

Antibody Positivity

Objective The objective of this paper is to identify the prevalence, risk factors, and impact on mortality of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Methods Patients from the Hanyang BAE lupus cohort were registered and followed from 1998 to 2015. NPSLE was defined using American College of Rheumatology (ACR) case definitions and Ainiala criteria. Demographics, autoantibodies, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinic (SLICC)/ACR Damage Index were collected at baseline and then annually. Mortality data were derived by linking data from the Korean National Statistics Office. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression analysis were conducted in the inception cohort to assess the risk factors and mortality impact of NPSLE. Results Of 1121 registered patients, 429 (38.3%) had NPSLE manifestations according to ACR criteria and 216 (19.3%) by Ainiala criteria. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher SLEDAI (OR 1.08, CI 1.01–1.16, p = 0.02) and antiphospholipid antibody positivity (OR 1.72, CI 1.03–2.87, p = 0.04) at SLE diagnosis increased NPSLE risk, while elevated anti-dsDNA antibodies (OR 0.43, CI 0.24–0.78, p < 0.01) and greater education duration (OR 0.92, CI 0.85–1.00, p = 0.04) showed reduced risk of NPSLE. Cox proportional hazard models demonstrated that presence of NPSLE had a three-fold increased risk of mortality (HR 3.09, CI 1.03–9.21, p = 0.04), especially in patients with focal CNS NPSLE (HR = 7.83, CI 2.12–28.96, p < 0.01). Conclusion Higher SLEDAI, antiphospholipid antibody positivity, absence of anti-dsDNA antibody at SLE diagnosis, and fewer years of education are risk factors for development of NPSLE. Presence of NPSLE, especially focal CNS NPSLE, increased the risk of mortality in SLE patients.

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Long-term outcomes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A Multicenter Cohort Study from CSTAR registry

Rheumatology and Immunology Research ◽

10.2478/rir-2021-0025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 195-202

Author(s):

Ziqian Wang ◽

Mengtao Li ◽

Zhizhong Ye ◽

Caifeng Li ◽

Zhijun Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Systemic Lupus

Abstract Objective To study the long-term outcomes, in the context of both mortality and organ damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the Chinese SLE Treatment and Research group (CSTAR) registry cohort. Methods Patients were enrolled from April 2009 to February 2010 and they were followed up. The demographic data, clinical manifestations, labs test results and imaging examinations, disease activity (SLEDAI-2K), damage scores (SLLIC/Damage Index [SDI]), and medications were collected. Data were censored at either the last clinic visit or telephonic interview. Survival rate was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier (KM) method. COX proportional hazard model was adopted to perform the analysis of predicting factors for mortality and organ damage. Logistic regression analysis was employed to discuss the relationship among mortality, organ damage, and flare. Results A total of 2104 patients were recruited at baseline and 1494 patients were followed up. The cumulative 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates were 98.3%, 96.9%, and 95.7%, respectively. Seventy-eight patients died during follow-up, and the main causes of death were infection (34.6%), active disease (26.9%), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (5.13%), and malignancy (5.13%). At entry, 247 patients presented with irreversible organ damage and it increased to 398 patients at the endpoint. The major accumulated organ damages were kidney (25.9%), musculoskeletal disease (20.2%), neuropsychiatric disease (12.2%), and pulmonary damage (10.9%). Cox regression analysis further showed that male, late disease onset, delayed diagnosis (diagnosis from disease onset >1 year), baseline organ damage, and specific organ involvements predicted for higher mortality. In addition, early disease onset was a protecting factor for organ damage, and anti-SSA was an independent predicting factor for new organ damage. Logistic regression analysis showed that flare predicted for more organ damage. Conclusion The 5-year survival rate of Chinese SLE patients has improved and is comparable to Caucasians SLE patients. Disease flare impact on prognosis is the increasing risk of damage development. Early diagnosis, prevention for flare and damage to maintain remission, may improve outcome.

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Association between sRAGE and arterial stiffness in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530320666200506082848 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Hongru Wang ◽

Yibin Zeng ◽

Huan Zheng ◽

Bin Liu

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Systemic Lupus

Background: sRAGE (soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products) is identified as playing a protective role in chronic inflammatory diseases, and it has been found to be related to arterial stiffness in hypertensive or diabetic patients. This cross-sectional study was designed to study the potential association of sRAGE with arterial stiffness in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients. Methods: Ninety-four female SLE patients were enrolled. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured by an automatic pulse wave analyzer. Those patients were divided into two groups according to baPWV values, those with values greater than 1400cm/s being defined as the high arterial stiffness group. Biochemical parameters were compared between the two groups. Linear and logistic regression analysis was used to observe the association between sRAGE and arterial stiffness in those patients. Results: Thirty-five patients were defined as being in the high arterial stiffness group in which sRAGE levels were lower (P<0.05). sRAGE levels were significantly related to baPWV(standardized β=1.18, P<0.01) by linear regression analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sRAGE, SLE duration, systolic blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were independent predictors of arterial stiffness in those patients. Conclusion: Our results revealed that sRAGE was negatively associated with arterial stiffness in Chinese female SLE patients.

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POS0765 LABORATORY RATIOS: A SUBROGATE BIOMARKER FOR DETECTION OF INFECTION IN SLE PATIENTS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3184 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 636.1-636

Author(s):

Y. Santamaria-Alza ◽

J. Sanchez-Bautista ◽

T. Urrego Callejas ◽

J. Moreno ◽

F. Jaimes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Roc Curve ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Predictive Capacity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reactive Protein

Background:The most common complication in patients with SLE is infection, and its clinical presentation is often indistinguishable from SLE flares. Therefore, laboratory ratios have been evaluated to differentiate between those events. Among them, ESR/CRP1, neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR)2, and platelet/lymphocyte (PLR)3 ratios have been previously assessed with acceptable performance; however, there is no validation of those ratios in our SLE population.Objectives:To examine the predictive capacity of infection of the lymphocyte/C4 (LC4R), lymphocyte/C3 (LC3R), and ferritin/ESR (FER) ratios in SLE patients, and to evaluate the performance of ESR/CRP, NLR, AND PLR ratios in our SLE population.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study of SLE patients admitted to the emergency service at Hospital San Vicente Fundación (HSVF). The HSVF ethics committee approved the execution of the project.Patients were categorized into four groups according to the main cause of hospitalization: (1) infection, (2) flare, (3) infection and flare and, (4) neither infection nor flare.We calculated the median values of the ratios and their respective interquartile ranges for each group. Then, we compared those summary measures using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Subsequently, we assessed the predictive capacity of infection of each ratio using ROC curve. Finally, we carried out a logistic regression model.Results:A total of 246 patients were included, among them 90.7% were women. The median age was 28 years (IQR: 20-35 years). Regarding the outcomes, 37.0% of the patients had flares, 30.9% had neither infection nor flare, 16.7% had an infection and, 15.5% had simultaneously infection and flare. When compared the four groups, statistical significance (p<0.05) was observed. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) for infection prediction was as follows: 0.752 (sensitivity 60.5%, specificity 80.5%) for LC4R, 0.740 (sensitivity 73.2%, specificity 68.3%) for FER, 0.731 (sensitivity 77.6%, specificity 80.5%) for LC3R.In the logistic regression modeling, we observed that an increase in the risk of infection was associated with an LC4R below 66.7 (OR: 6.3, CI: 2.7 – 14.3, p <0.0001), a FER greater than 13.6 (OR: 5.9, CI: 2.8 – 12.1, p <0.0001) and an LC3R below 11.2 (OR: 4.9, CI: 2.4 – 9.8, p <0.0001).The ESR/CRP and PLR performed poorly with an AUC of 0.580 and 0.655, respectively. In contrast, the NLR showed better performance (AUC of 0.709, with a sensitivity of 80.2% and specificity of 55.7%).Figure 1.ROC curves of the evaluated ratiosConclusion:These laboratory ratios could be easy to assay and inexpensive biomarkers to differentiate between infection and activity in SLE patients. The LC4R, FER, and LC3R have a significant diagnostic performance for detecting infection among SLE patients. Of the ratios previously evaluated, ESR/CRP, LPR, NLR, only the latest has an adequate performance in our population.References:[1]Littlejohn E, Marder W, Lewis E, et al. The ratio of erythrocyte sedimentation rate to C-reactive protein is useful in distinguishing infection from flare in systemic lupus erythematosus patients presenting with fever. Lupus. 2018;27(7):1123-1129.[2]Broca-Garcia BE, Saavedra MA, Martínez-Bencomo MA, et al. Utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio plus C-reactive protein for infection in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2019;28(2):217-222.[3]Soliman WM, Sherif NM, Ghanima IM, EL-Badawy MA. Neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet to lymphocyte ratios in systemic lupus erythematosus: Relation with disease activity and lupus nephritis. Reumatol Clin. 2020;16(4):255-261s.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Predicting Burn Mortality Using a Simple Novel Prediction Model

Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1721867 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sneha Sharma ◽

Raman Tandon

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Prediction Model ◽

Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Operating Characteristic ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Apache Ii ◽

Apache Ii Score ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis

Abstract Background Prediction of outcome for burn patients allows appropriate allocation of resources and prognostication. There is a paucity of simple to use burn-specific mortality prediction models which consider both endogenous and exogenous factors. Our objective was to create such a model. Methods A prospective observational study was performed on consecutive eligible consenting burns patients. Demographic data, total burn surface area (TBSA), results of complete blood count, kidney function test, and arterial blood gas analysis were collected. The quantitative variables were compared using the unpaired student t-test/nonparametric Mann Whitney U-test. Qualitative variables were compared using the ⊠2-test/Fischer exact test. Binary logistic regression analysis was done and a logit score was derived and simplified. The discrimination of these models was tested using the receiver operating characteristic curve; calibration was checked using the Hosmer—Lemeshow goodness of fit statistic, and the probability of death calculated. Validation was done using the bootstrapping technique in 5,000 samples. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results On univariate analysis TBSA (p <0.001) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score (p = 0.004) were found to be independent predictors of mortality. TBSA (odds ratio [OR] 1.094, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.037–1.155, p = 0.001) and APACHE II (OR 1.166, 95% CI 1.034–1.313, p = 0.012) retained significance on binary logistic regression analysis. The prediction model devised performed well (area under the receiver operating characteristic 0.778, 95% CI 0.681–0.875). Conclusion The prediction of mortality can be done accurately at the bedside using TBSA and APACHE II score.

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AB0302 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS (GDM) IN A MULTI-ETHNIC SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE) COHORT

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1177.1-1177

Author(s):

S. S. Shaharir ◽

R. Mustafar ◽

M. S. Mohamed Said ◽

R. Abd Rahman

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Factors Associated ◽

In Pregnancy

Background:The risks of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus are elevated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. The use of glucocorticoid and anti-double stranded DNA antibodies positive are among the factors reported to be associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in SLE patients. However, the relationship between GDM in Asian SLE patients is still obscure.Objectives:To determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a multi-ethnic SLE cohort in Malaysia and the associated risk factors.Methods:This was a retrospective study of SLE pregnant women who have completed their antenatal care in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) from 2004 until 2019. Screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were as recommended in the guidelines by the Ministry of Health Malaysia. Information on SLE disease activity and treatment at 6 months before pregnancy and during pregnancy were determined from the medical records. Univariate and multi-variable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with GDM in the SLE patients.Results:A total of 89 patients with 202 pregnancies were included in the study. Malay was the predominant ethnic in this cohort (n=82, 67.2%), followed by Chinese (n=33,27.0%) and Indian (n=7, 5.7%). The most common system involvement of SLE was musculoskeletal (n=91, 74.6%), followed by haematological (n=78, 63.9%), lupus nephritis (54.9%, n=67) and mucocutaneous (n=66, 54.1%). The prevalence of GDM was 8.9% (n=18). More patients with GDM had positive anti-cardiolipin IgG antibody (aCL IgG) and lupus anticoagulant (LA) antibody as compared to the patients with no GDM, (55.6% vs 25.8%, p=0.01) and (50.0% vs 25.4%, p=0.05) respectively. On the other hand, the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in pregnancy was significantly lower in GDM patients (11.1%) as compared to no GDM group (39.1%), p=0.02. There was no significant difference in the ethnicity, SLE system involvement, disease activity status and immunosupressant use including steroid, azathioprine and cyclosporine A at 6 months before and during pregnancy between the GDM and non-GDM group. A forward logistic regression which include aCL IgG, LA and HCQ use in pregnancy, only the HCQ use remained significantly associated with lower risk of GDM in the model with OR= 0.12, 95% C.I = 0.02-0.94, p=0.04.Conclusion:Our study demonstrates the potential benefit of hydroxychloroquine in reducing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in SLE patients. The prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies particularly aCL IgG and LA was found to be higher among patients with GDM. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this association.References:[1]Dong Y, Dai Z, Wang Z, et al. Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in systemic lupus erythematosus pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2019 May;19(1):179. DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2329-0.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Predicting organizational performance from motivation in Oromia Seed Enterprise Bale branch

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications ◽

10.1057/s41599-021-00742-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Askalech Feyisa Jobira ◽

Abdulnasir Abdulmelike Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Intrinsic Motivation ◽

Organizational Performance ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Extrinsic Motivation ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Moderate Level ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Study Results

AbstractMotivation is one of the most researched yet crucial topics in academia from various perspectives. Despite this, researches show mixed results about the effect of extrinsic motivation on intrinsic motivation and organizational performance. Studies in Ethiopia also lack causal analysis and theoretical underpinning that made contributions from academia very little. Hence, this research is important to assess the effect of extrinsic motivation on intrinsic motivation and organizational performance from a cognitive evaluation theory perspective. The researchers adopted an explanatory research design with a quantitative approach. The entire 119 employees of the Oromia Seed Enterprise, Bale branch were included in the study to collect primary data through a close-ended questionnaire. The collected data was processed by SPSS software version 20. The relationship analysis was addressed by correlation and binary logistic regression analysis. Seen from extrinsic and intrinsic motivation aspects, the findings of the study showed that Oromia Seed Enterprise had a moderate level of organizational performance and a moderate level of employees’ motivation. The correlation analysis result indicated that employees’ extrinsic and intrinsic motivation had a positive relationship with organizational performance. The binary logistic regression analysis also indicated that extrinsic and intrinsic motivation had a positive and significant influence on organizational performance. However, the interaction effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on organizational performance was not significant, implying the absence of influence when both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations happen at the same time. Finally, the study results have a theoretical contribution for compensating the lack of actual experience in the Ethiopian organization’s context. Equally, the understanding of the moderated relationship among the study variables may encourage Oromia Seed Enterprise and its managers to develop a practical motivation system, which entertains the complex interaction of motivation variables to improve organizational performance. In addition, studies of this nature can inform policymakers to strengthen an incentive system as well as other motivation veins in the Ethiopian public organizations.

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