scholarly journals Chronic Kidney Disease and Pulse Wave Velocity: A Narrative Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Lioufas ◽  
Carmel M. Hawley ◽  
James D. Cameron ◽  
Nigel D. Toussaint
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with excess cardiovascular mortality, resulting from both traditional and nontraditional, CKD-specific, cardiovascular risk factors. Nontraditional risk factors include the entity Chronic Kidney Disease–Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) which is characterised by disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, including biochemical abnormalities of hyperphosphatemia and hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophy, and vascular calcification. Increased arterial stiffness in the CKD population can be attributed amongst other influences to progression of vascular calcification, with significant resultant contribution to the cardiovascular disease burden. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured over the carotid-femoral arterial segments is the noninvasive gold-standard technique for measurement of aortic stiffness and has been suggested as a surrogate cardiovascular end-point. A PWV value of 10 m/s or greater has been recommended as a suitable cut-off for an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. CKD is a risk factor for an excessive rate of increase in aortic stiffness, reflected by increases in PWV, and increased aortic PWV in CKD shows faster progression than for individuals with normal kidney function. Patients with varying stages of CKD, as well as those on dialysis or with a kidney transplant, have different biological milieu which influence aortic stiffness and associated changes in PWV. This review discusses the pathophysiology of arterial stiffness with CKD and outlines the literature on PWV across the spectrum of CKD, highlighting that determination of arterial stiffness using aortic PWV can be a useful diagnostic and prognostic tool for assessing cardiovascular disease in the CKD population.

scholarly journals Correlations between Total Antioxidant Capacity and 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine with Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity in Chronic Kidney Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-74
Author(s):  
Mochammad Yusuf Alsagaff ◽  
Budi Susetyo Pikir ◽  
Mochammad Thaha Thaha ◽  
Hendri Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Total Antioxidant

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease in CKD can be affected by oxidative stress and inflammation. The oxidative stress can affect arterial stiffness, especially in patients with CKD, which will increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to explain the correlation between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) in patients with CKD.METHODS: Forty-three CKD patients was included in this cross-sectional study. TAC was measured from serum samples by colorimetric method and 8-OHDG was measured from urine by enzyme-linked immunoassay method. cf-PWV was measured by Doppler ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for arterial stiffness.RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between age, estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR), Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), serum creatinine, cystatin-C, and severity of CKD with urinary 8-OHdG levels. Serum creatinine, cystatin-C, severity of CKD, age, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), e-GFR, and HbA1C also had significant correlations with serum TAC levels. Other significant correlations between e-GFR, HbA1C, serum creatinine, cystatin-C, and severity of CKD with cf-PWV were also obtained. A significant negative correlation was obtained between serum TAC and cf-PWV with moderate levels of correlation coefficient (r=-0.504).CONCLUSION: There was a negative correlation between TAC and cf-PWV, but there was no significant correlation between 8-OHdG and cf-PWV in patients with CKD.KEYWORDS: chronic kidney disease, total antioxidant capacity, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity

scholarly journals Metabolic acidosis is associated with pulse wave velocity in chronic kidney disease: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo Jin Kim ◽  
Eunjeong Kang ◽  
Hyunjin Ryu ◽  
Miyeun Han ◽  
Kyu-Beck Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Serum Bicarbonate ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Baseline Serum

Abstract Metabolic acidosis is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may have various deleterious consequences. Arterial stiffness in CKD patients is associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between serum bicarbonate and arterial stiffness using the baseline cross-sectional data set of a large-scale Korean CKD cohort. 2,238 CKD patients were enrolled in the KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) from 2011 to 2016. The present study was conducted on 1,659 patients included in this cohort with baseline serum bicarbonate and brachial-to-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) data. Metabolic acidosis was defined as a serum bicarbonate level of <22 mmol/L, and baPWV was used as a surrogate of arterial stiffness. Mean serum bicarbonate was 25.8 ± 3.6 mmol/L. 210 (12.7%) patients had metabolic acidosis. baPWV was significantly higher in patients with metabolic acidosis (P < 0.001) and showed a significant inverse correlation with serum bicarbonate (Unstandardized β −16.0 cm/sec; 95% CI −20.5, −11.4; P < 0.001) in an unadjusted model, which was retained after adjustment (Unstandardized β −5.4 cm/sec; 95% CI −9.9, −1.0; P = 0.017). Metabolic acidosis was found to be associated with a high baPWV in pre-dialysis CKD patients.

scholarly journals MO147ASSOCIATION OF CHA2DS2-VASC SCORE WITH CAROTID-FEMORAL PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Vodošek Hojs ◽  
Robert Ekart ◽  
Sebastjan Bevc ◽  
Nejc Piko ◽  
Radovan Hojs
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background and Aims Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients suffer from high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Arterial stiffness is an important parameter for the evaluation of cardiovascular risk. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is the gold standard measure for the assessment of arterial stiffness. CHA2DS2-VASc score was originally used to predict cerebral infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, it is also useful in predicting outcome in different cardiovascular conditions, independent of the presence of AF. Therefore, the aim of our research was to assess the association of CHA2DS2-VASc score with cfPWV in CKD patients. Method Eighty-seven non-dialysis CKD patients from our outpatient clinic were included. At the time of inclusion, medical history data and standard blood results were collected, CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated, cfPWV measurements (SphygmoCor System) were done. Correlation between CHA2DS2-VASc score and cfPWV was assessed. Multiple regression analysis with cfPWV as dependent and CHA2DS2-VASc score, eGFR, urinary albumin/creatinine, haemoglobin, high sensitivity CRP, serum calcium, phosphate and intact PTH as independent variables was performed. Additionally, patients were divided into two groups according to median value of CHA2DS2-VASc score (group 1: CHA2DS2-VASc score ≤2, group 2: CHA2DS2-VASc score &gt;2). Data of both groups were compared by t-test or Mann-Whitney test. Results CHA2DS2-VASc score correlated with cfPWV (r=0.380, p=0.001). In multiple regression analysis only CHA2DS2-VASc score was significantly associated with cfPWV (p=0.001). Data of both groups of patients divided according to median value of CHA2DS2-VASc score are presented in table 1. cfPWV was significantly higher in group 2 (13.40±3.50 vs 10.46±2.93, p=0.001). Groups of patients also differed significantly in age, presence of diabetes, eGFR and serum phosphate. Conclusion CHA2DS2-VASc score is associated with cfPWV in CKD patients. Patients with a higher CHA2DS2-VASc score have stiffer arteries.

Utility of arterial stiffness assessment in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Panchangam ◽  
Eric Dean Merrill ◽  
Geetha Raghuveer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Children

AbstractAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and the atherosclerotic process begins in childhood. Prevention or containment of risk factors that accelerate atherosclerosis can delay the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Although current recommendations are to periodically screen for commonly prevailing risk factors for atherosclerosis in children, a single test that could quantify the cumulative effect of all risk factors on the vasculature, thus assessing arterial health, would be helpful in further stratifying risk. Measurement of pulse wave velocity and assessment of augmentation index – measures of arterial stiffness – are easy-to-use, non-invasive methods of examining arterial health. Various studies have assessed pulse wave velocity and augmentation index in children with commonly occurring conditions including obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, physical inactivity, chronic kidney disease, CHD and acquired heart diseases, and in children who were born premature or small for gestational age. This article summarises pulse wave velocity and augmentation index assessments and the effects of commonly prevailing chronic conditions on arterial health in children. In addition, currently available reference values for pulse wave velocity and augmentation index in healthy children are included. Further research to establish widely applicable normative values and the effect of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions on arterial health in children is needed.

scholarly journals The association between Hba1c and arterial stiffness among non-diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atakan Turgutkaya ◽  
Gülay Aşçı
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Abstract Background Cardiovascular events are seen more frequently after the age of 60 and they are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Arterial stiffness is a property that can be expressed by pulse wave velocity and this value is assumed to be a predictor of cardiovascular events. Patients with chronic kidney disease and dysregulated blood sugar have increased atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness, but the relationship between physiological levels of Hba1c and arterial stiffness is less clear in chronic kidney disease patients without diabetes mellitus. Objectives Here, we aimed to investigate the degree of arterial stiffness among non-diabetic, non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease patients with physiological HbA1c levels. Methods We enrolled 51 patients who were followed up at Ege University Hospital Nephrology Department between February and June 2015. Non-diabetic, non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease patients were included in the study. Blood pressure and pulse wave velocity were measured with an applanation tonometry device (Sphygmocor Vx Software Atcor Medical, Australia). Correlations between pulse wave velocity and the aforementioned parameters were investigated (see below). Results We detected a significant correlation between pulse wave velocity and systolic blood pressure (p=0.0001) and Hba1c (p=0.044) separately. There was an inverse correlation with creatinine clearance (p=0.04). We also detected a significant correlation with serum phosphorus level (p=0.0077) and furosemide use (p=0.014). No correlations were found among the other parameters. Conclusions Arterial stiffness is an important predictor of cardiovascular events and measuring it is an inexpensive method for estimating morbidity and mortality. Our study supports the importance of measuring arterial stiffness and of controlling blood glucose levels, even at physiological Hba1c values, especially for chronic kidney disease patients.

scholarly journals Elevated levels of urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate are associated with arterial stiffness in Korean adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hee Haam ◽  
Young-Sang Kim ◽  
Doo-Yeoun Cho ◽  
Hyejin Chun ◽  
Sang-Woon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that cellular perturbations play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we analyzed the association between the levels of urinary metabolites and arterial stiffness. Our cross-sectional study included 330 Korean men and women. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was measured as a marker of arterial stiffness. Urinary metabolites were evaluated using a high-performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was found to be positively correlated with l-lactate, citrate, isocitrate, succinate, malate, hydroxymethylglutarate, α-ketoisovalerate, α-keto-β-methylvalerate, methylmalonate, and formiminoglutamate among men. Whereas, among women, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was positively correlated with cis-aconitate, isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate. In the multivariable regression models adjusted for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, three metabolite concentrations (urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate) were independently and positively associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Increased urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate concentrations were associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings suggest that metabolic disturbances in cells may be related to arterial stiffness.

6.BRACHIAL-ANKLE PULSE WAVE VELOCITY AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AS A PROGNOSTIC IMPACT IN HYPERTENSION

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyuki Onishi ◽  
Mitsuru Ohishi ◽  
Takashi Takagi ◽  
Yuji Tatara ◽  
Nozomi Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Prognostic Impact
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