scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Methanolic Extracts of Fruits, Seeds, and Bark of Zanthoxylum armatum DC

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nirmala Phuyal ◽  
Pramod Kumar Jha ◽  
Pankaj Prasad Raturi ◽  
Sangeeta Rajbhandary
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum

Crude methanol extracts of fruits, seeds, and bark of Zanthoxylum armatum were investigated in vitro for antimicrobial activities against 9 different bacterial strains: Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Staphylococcus epidermidis using agar well diffusion method, and the MBC values were determined. Only 5 bacteria, i.e., Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis exhibited antibacterial properties against the different extracts. The fruit and seed extracts showed activities against 5 bacteria, while the bark extract was active against 2 bacteria only (MRSA and Staphylococcus aureus). Staphylococcus aureus was found to be more susceptible for all the extracts compared to other strains. The maximum ZOI of 20.72 mm was produced by fruits (wild) and 18.10 mm (cultivated) against Staphylococcus aureus. Likewise, the least ZOI of 11.73 mm was produced by seeds (wild) and 11.29 mm (cultivated) against Escherichia faecalis. Similarly, the lowest MBC value of 0.78 mg/mL was obtained for fruit extracts against MRSA, 1.56 mg/mL for fruits, seeds, and bark extracts against Bacillus subtilis, MRSA, and Staphylococcus aureus, and highest value of 50 mg/mL for fruits and seeds extracts against S. epidermidis. The fruits, seeds, and bark extracts of Z. armatum exhibited remarkable antibacterial properties against different pathogenic bacteria causing several diseases, which suggests the potential use of this plant for treating different bacterial diseases such as skin infection, urinary tract infection, dental problems, diarrhea, and dysentery.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Plasma: AnIn VitroStudy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Cieślik-Bielecka ◽  
Tadeusz Bold ◽  
Grzegorz Ziółkowski ◽  
Marcin Pierchała ◽  
Aleksandra Królikowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bovine Thrombin ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

The aim of the study was to investigate the leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) antimicrobial activity. The studied sample comprised 20 healthy males. The L-PRP gel, liquid L-PRP, and thrombin samples were testedin vitrofor their antibacterial properties against selected bacterial strains using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Two types of thrombin were used (autologous and bovine). Zones of inhibition produced by L-PRP ranged between 6 and 18 mm in diameter. L-PRP inhibited the growth ofStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA and MSSA strains) and was also active againstEnterococcus faecalisandPseudomonas aeruginosa. There was no activity againstEscherichia coliandKlebsiella pneumoniae. The statistically significant increase of L-PRP antimicrobial effect was noted with the use of major volume of thrombin as an activator. Additionally, in groups where a bovine thrombin mixture was added to L-PRP the zones of inhibition concerning MRSA,Enterococcus faecalis, andPseudomonas aeruginosawere larger than in the groups with autologous thrombin. Based on the conducted studies, it can be determined that L-PRP can evokein vitroantimicrobial effects and might be used to treat selected infections in the clinical field. The major volume of thrombin as an activator increases the strength of the L-PRP antimicrobial effect.

scholarly journals Composición química del aceite esencial de Petroselinum crispum (Mill) Nyman ex A.W. Hill “perejil” y determinación de su actividad antibacteriana

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Reider Vivanco T ◽  
Enrique León S ◽  
Américo Castro L ◽  
Norma J Ramos C
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la composición química del aceite esencial de las hojas de Petroselinum crispum (Mill) Nyman ex A.W. Hill “perejil” y determinar su actividad antibacteriana. El aceite esencial se obtuvo tratando 20 kg de hojas frescas con un equipo de destilación por arrastre con vapor de agua; obteniéndose cuatro mililitros y un rendimiento de 0,02 por ciento v/p. En el análisis cualitativo se analizó su solubilidad en solventes orgánicos; los componentes químicos se determinaron por cromatografía de Gases/ Espectrometría de Masas (CG/EM), lográndose la elucidación de los siguientes compuestos: 1R-α-pineno, β-pineno, β-felandreno, p, α-dimetil estireno, (E)-2-caren-4-ol, 1,3-benzodioxol, 4-metoxi-6-(2-propenil)-, y 1,3-benzodioxol,4,7-dimetoxy-5-(2-propenil)-. La determinación de la actividad antibacteriana in vitro, se realizó por el método de difusión en agar, demostrándose actividad significativa frente a Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25933 y Staphylococcus epidermidis cepa clínica, a las concentraciones de 100 y 50 por ciento; y para Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 2783 a la concentración de 100 por ciento, teniendo de poca a ninguna actividad frente a Bacillus subtilis y Escherichia coli. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el aceite esencial de Petroselinum crispum (Mill) Nyman ex A.W. Hill “perejil” presenta actividad antibacteriana.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate against Therapy Resistant Endodontic Microorganisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Mst Laila Akter Banu ◽  
AKM Bashar ◽  
Md Mujibur Rahman Howlader ◽  
Md Shamsul Alam ◽  
Md Ashraf Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition

Microorganisms, usually from the dental caries, are the main sources of diseases in dental pulp (root canals) and periapical region. Facultative bacteria and fungi have been identified in therapy resistant persistent endodontic infection. The objectives of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of Mineral Tri Oxide Aggregate (MTA) against therapy resistant endodontic microorganisms. The efficacy of MTA was also compared with that of calcium hydroxide. Six standard bacterial stains were used: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis. The agar diffusion method on Muller- Hilton media was employed. The plates containing media were inoculated with the specified bacterial suspensions. Two standard holes were prepared on each microorganism inoculated plate with a copper puncher and one hole was completely filled with MTA & the other with Ca (OH)2 . The plates were then kept at environmental temperature for one hour to ensure prediffusion and then incubated at 370C for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the diameters of inhibition zones were measured. Tests were replicated for thirty times for each sample and mean values were taken. Zone of inhibition as measured for MTA and Ca (OH)2 were statistically analyzed with Student’s t-Test and Post Hoc Games Howell Test and were presented as mean ± SD to compare of efficacy of MTA and calcium hydroxide on different microorganisms. Both MTA and Ca(OH)2 were found to produce zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), , Bacillus subtilis (BTCC 17 ), and Candida albicans (BTCC 493). MTA showed highest activity against S. aureus and lowest activity against P. aeruginosa which was similar to the activity range of Ca (OH)2 against the mentioned organisms. But both of them failed to produce any activity against E. coli and. E. faecalis. MTA was found to produce a lower efficacy than Ca (OH)2 while comparing the zone of inhibition between them and statistically it was significant. Mineral Tri Oxide Aggregate (MTA) showed antimicrobial efficacy against some therapy resistant microorganisms but it did not show antimicrobial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. MTA was found to produce a lower antimicrobial efficacy than Ca (OH)2.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(3): 140-145

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Vascular Implants to Colonization in vitro by Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Witold Woźniak ◽  
Aleksandra Kozińska ◽  
Piotr Ciostek ◽  
Izabela Sitkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Pericardial Patch ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Omniflow Ii

We compared association of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis with nine vascular implants after co-culture. Vascular implants were composed of various materials such as warp knitted polyester (with or without gelatin and silver ions), expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and biological materials – surface treated porcine pericardial patch and Omniflow II. The lowest overall number of associated bacteria was detected for polytetrafluoroethylene implants and porcine pericardial patch. The highest overall number of associated bacteria was detected for Omniflow II implant. The major source of variation, i.e. primary factor influencing colonization, is the implant type (56.22%), bacterial species is responsible for only 1.81%, and interaction of those two factors – 13.09% of variation.

scholarly journals Composición química, actividad antibacteriana del aceite esencial de Citrus sinensis L. (Na­ranja dulce) y formulación de una forma farmacéutica

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
José R. Juárez ◽  
Américo J. Castro ◽  
José F. Jaúregui ◽  
Jesús V. Lizano ◽  
Mario Carhuapoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Citrus Sinensis

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos, caracterizar los componentes químicos del aceite esencial de Citrus sinensis L. (Naranja dulce), determinar su actividad antibacteriana y formular formas farmacéuticas, principalmente de uso local. El aceite esencial se obtuvo del pericarpio , de la especie seleccionada, utilizando un sistema de hidrodestilación con arrastre de vapor de agua; así mismo, se realizaron los ensayos de miscibilidad y determinación de constantes físicas, como: gravedad específica, índice de refracción y rotación óptica. La composición química se determinó por Cromatografía de Gases/Espectrometría de Masa (CG/EM), destacándose en el cromatograma señales espectrales de identificación en la elucidación de: Limoneno, ß-linalol, decanal y 2(10)-pineno(1S,5S)-(-)-. La determinación de la actividad antibacteriana in vitro se realizó por el método de difusión en agar y en la formación de halos de inhibición contra cepas de microorganismos Gram (+), como: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25933 y Staphylococcus epidermidis, demostrando actividad antibacteriana significativa a concentraciones de 100 y 50%, respectivamente; no así con los microorganismos Gram (-): Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli y Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Estos resul¬tados nos dieron la orientación para diseñar formas farmacéuticas de uso local, formulándose: un gel con base de carbomer, una loción con base de etanol y alcohol isopropílico, así como un colutorio. Los resultados de los estudios de estabilidad de las formu¬laciones, así como de tolerancia e irritabilidad con el tejido humano de los productos nos muestran resultados favorables para su utilización en enfermedades de la piel, como el acné, y en el caso del colutorio como un buen antiséptico bucal. El estudio ha permitido concluir que el aceite esencial de Citrus sinensis L. posee actividad antibacteriana contra cepas de Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25933 y Staphylococcus epidermidis, además de permitir la elaboración de formas farmacéuticas de uso local.

scholarly journals Avaliação preditiva do crescimento in vitro de bactérias patogênicas em diferentes condições de pH, temperatura e concentrações de cloreto de sódio e extratos de resíduos de tamarindo

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e162973858
Author(s):  
Larissa de Almeida Soares ◽  
Luciana Cristina Lins de Aquino Santana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis

A microbiologia preditiva tem sido aplicada, através de modelos matemáticos, com o intuito de prever o comportamento de microrganismos quando expostos à condições de crescimento variadas. Esta ciência tem ganhado destaque visto que permite prever taxas de crescimento e duração da fase lag de microrganismos patogênicos contaminantes de alimentos. Neste contexto, este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito da temperatura (10 a 45°C), pH (5,0 a 9,0), concentração de cloreto de sódio (0 a 8,5%) e concentração de extrato de casca e de semente de tamarindo em etanol 80% (0 a 10%) no crescimento in vitro de Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Enteritidis e Enterococcus faecalis. Os parâmetros foram avaliados segundo planejamento fatorial fracionado 24-1 mais 3 pontos centrais. As bactérias foram incubadas nas condições propostas e o modelo primário de Baranyi e Roberts foi ajustado aos dados experimentais (coeficientes de correlação entre 0,72 e 1,00) obtendo-se as taxas de crescimento e o tempo da fase lag. Para a maiorias das condições testadas, houve a inibição do crescimento para todas as bactérias obtendo-se taxas que variaram entre -0,03 e -6,04 Log UFC/mL h. Através da análise estatística verificou-se que o pH foi o parâmetro que mais influenciou para a inibição das bactérias. No entanto, o extrato de casca e de sementes de tamarindo foi o principal componente para a inibição de S. Enteritidis. Neste estudo realizou-se a predição do crescimento in vitro de bactérias patogênicos em meio de cultivo contendo extrato de casca ou de sementes de tamarindo, tendo este demonstrado potencial para ser utilizado em aplicações futuras como antimicrobiano natural. 

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN ZONA HAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus PADA BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BIDURI SECARA IN VITRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyoman Mastra
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Growth Inhibition Zone ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTBackground Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacteria that can cause infection. Biduri leaf has antibacterial compound such as tannin, flavonoid, saponin, and polyphenol.Objective This study aimed to know the difference of growth inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus at the various concentration of ethanol extract of biduri leaf and to determine an effective concentration.Methods This study was the true experiment with posttest only control design, used Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method with five concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%,100%), positive control (chloramphenicol 30 µg) and negative control (ethanol 96%).Result The result of this study showed the average of inhibition zone diameter of each concentration consecutively 26,2 mm, 28,3 mm, 29,7 mm, 31 mm and 31,5 mm. One Way Anova statistic analysis showed that the value of p is 0.000 so there is the difference of growth inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus at various concentrations of ethanol extract of a biduri leaf.Conclusion The conclusion of this study is there are differences in growth inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus at various concentrations of ethanol extract of biduri leaf and an effective concentration that can inhibit of Staphylococcus aureus is concentration 20% with mean inhibition zone is 26,2 mm. Keywords: ethanol extract of biduri leaf; Staphylococcus aureus; inhibition zone

scholarly journals Actividad antimicrobiana de cuatro plantas del nor-oriente peruano

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio R. Ruiz Q. ◽  
Mirtha Roque A.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Terminalia Catappa

Se investigó la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro de los extractos metanólicos, etanólicos e hidroalcohólicos de cuatro plantas del nor-oriente peruano: Cassia reticulata (planta entera), Ilex guayusa Loes (hojas), Piper lineatum (hojas), y Terminalia catappa (hojas). Las especies fueron recolectadas en el departamento de Cajamarca, excepto Terminalia catappa (Amazonas). La actividad antimicrobiana se evaluó mediante el método de difusión en agar. Los microorganismos utilizados fueron las bacterias Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis y Escherichia coli; y los hongos Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger y Microsporum canis. De doce extractos investigados, ocho (67%) presentaron actividad antimicrobiana significativa frente a Staphylococcus aureus y Staphylococcus epidermidis y uno (8%) frente a Escherichia coli. De doce extractos investigados, diez (83%) presentaron actividad significativa frente a Candida albicans, y seis (50%) contra Microsporum canis. Los extractos con la mejor actividad actimicrobiana fueron los tres extractos del Piper lineatum; el extracto hidroalcohólico de Cassia reticulata y el hidroalcohólico de Terminalia catappa.

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