Is Deterioration of Surface Properties of Resin Composites Affected by Filler Size?

Statement of the problem. Resin composite restorations can lose their aesthetic properties in clinical service. Purpose. To investigate the effect of filler size on surface gloss and roughness of resin composites using a glossmeter and 3D noncontact surface topography, respectively, before and after tooth-brushing abrasion. Materials and Methods. Seven model resin composites and one commercial were tested in the study. All materials were first polished, and then the surface gloss and 2D and 3D roughness parameters were recorded. Materials are then subjected to abrasion in a tooth-brushing simulator. Roughness parameters were recorded after 10,000 cycles, and after 20,000 cycles, both roughness and gloss were recorded. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test (p<0.05) were used to analyze data. Conclusion. Filler size is strongly correlated to gloss and surface roughness retention.

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Effect of Toothbrushing-mouthrinse-cycling on Surface Roughness and Topography of Nanofilled, Microfilled, and Microhybrid Resin Composites

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/13-199-l ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 521-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

EM da Silva ◽

CUF de Sá Rodrigues ◽

DA Dias ◽

S da Silva ◽

CM Amaral ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Filler Particle ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Topographic Analysis ◽

Before And After ◽

Multifactor Analysis ◽

Post Hoc

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of toothbrushing-mouthrinse-cycling (TMC) on the surface roughness and topography of three resin composites with different filler particle systems (Z350, nanofilled [Nf]; Durafill, microfilled [Mf], and Empress Direct, microhybrid [Mh]). Twenty specimens of each resin composite (8.0 mm diameter and 2 mm height) were randomly divided into four groups (n=5) according to the mouthrinses: alcohol-free (Plax – P) and alcohol-containing (Listerine – L and Plax Fresh Mint – PM) and artificial saliva (control – AS). The specimens were submitted to TMC for nine weeks. A surface roughness tester and a three-dimensional profilometer were used to measure the roughness (Ra) and the topography (Sa) before and after TMC. The data were analyzed by multifactor analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05). In all media, Mh presented greater roughness than Mf (p<0.05). The highest value of roughness was presented by Mh immersed in L (p<0.05). The lowest values of roughness were presented by Mf (p<0.05). The three resin composites presented the highest roughness after immersion in mouthrinses containing alcohol (PM and L) (p<0.05). For the three resin composites, the increase in roughness was noticeable after the fifth week. Topographic analysis showed that the smoothest surfaces were present after immersion in AS.

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Solubility of Two Resin Composites in Different Mouthrinses

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/580675 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sezin Ozer ◽

Emine Sen Tunc ◽

Nuray Tuloglu ◽

Sule Bayrak

Keyword(s):

Composite Materials ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Constant Mass ◽

Composite Restorations ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

Post Hoc

Aim. This study aimed to compare the solubility of a universal restorative resin composite (Filtek Z250; FZ250) and a silorane-based resin composite (Filtek Silorane; FS) after immersion in alcohol-containing mouthrinse, alcohol-free mouthrinse, and artificial saliva.Methods. 30 discs (10 mm × 1 mm) were prepared from each material and desiccated until a constant mass was obtained. Specimens were immersed in the test solutions for two days and desiccated again. Solubility was calculated based on the change in weight of each specimen before and after immersion. Data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Post Hoc testP<0.05.Results. Solubility values for both resin composites were the highest in the alcohol-containing mouthrinse. FZ250 showed greater solubility than FS; the difference was only significant in artificial saliva.Conclusion. Both resin-composite materials tested exhibited some degree of solubility in each of the test solutions. The use of an alcohol-free mouthrinse may be preferable for patients with extensive composite restorations.

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Effect of Different Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness and Gloss of Novel Nanohybrid Resin Composites

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1718477 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hanan A. N. Soliman ◽

Naglaa Rizk Elkholany ◽

Hamdi H. Hamama ◽

Fatma M. EL-Sharkawy ◽

Salah H. Mahmoud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Lower Surface ◽

Environmental Scanning ◽

P System ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Anova Test ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Surface Gloss

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the surface roughness and gloss of three nanohybrid resin composites after polishing with three different polishing systems. Materials and Methods A total number of 112 disc specimens (10 × 3 mm) were prepared from nanohybrid—Empress Direct (ID), Grandio (GR), Filtek Z550 (ZN) and a microhybrid resin composite restorative materials—Filtek Z250 (ZM). Following 24-hour storage in 37°C distilled water, each composite group (n = 28) was assigned into four groups (n = 7) according to finishing/polishing (F/P) system: Mylar strip, Optrapol, Politip, and Sof-Lex (SL). The surface roughness (Ra, mm) was measured by a novel three-dimensional method using an image analysis software attached to an environmental scanning electron microscope. A glossometer was used to measure the surface gloss. Results Statistical analysis used was ANOVA test. Two-way Anova test revealed that the “type of composite” and “F/P techniques” had a significant effect on both surface roughness and gloss of the tested resin composite materials (p < 0.05). Tukey’s post hoc test showed that ID, GR, and ZN revealed lower surface roughness and higher surface gloss than ZM within the same polishing system (p < 0.05). Sof-Lex polishing discs produced the lowest surface roughness and highest surface gloss values compared with Optrapol and Politip (p < 0.05). Conclusion The tested F/P systems provided comparable surface roughness and gloss for nanohybrid composites. The Sof-Lex system provided the best surface roughness and gloss for nanohybrid composites.

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The Effects of Toothbrush Wear on the Surface Roughness and Gloss of Resin Composites with Various Types of Matrices

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj9010008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Murtadha AlAli ◽

Nikolaos Silikas ◽

Julian Satterthwaite

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Pairwise Comparisons ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Hybrid Resin ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Main Effects ◽

Toothbrush Wear

Objective: To evaluate and compare the surface roughness and gloss of a DMA-free composite and Bis-GMA-free composite with a DMA-based composite before and after toothbrushing simulation. Materials and Methods: Fifteen dimensionally standardised composite specimens of three nano-hybrid resin composites (Tetric EvoCeram, Admira Fusion, and Venus Diamond) were used. Five specimens from each composite were polished and then subjected to a toothbrushing simulator. Surface roughness (Ra) and gloss were measured before toothbrushing and after 5000, 10,000, 15,000, and 20,000 toothbrushing cycles. The data was analysed using 5 × 3 ANOVA to assess surface roughness and gloss values and pairwise comparisons in the form of Tukey post hoc tests were performed to interpret main effects. Results: For all tested materials, surface roughness increased, and gloss decreased after toothbrushing abrasion. Surface roughness (Ra) values ranged from 0.14 to 0.22 μm at baseline and increased to between 0.41 and 0.49 μm after 20,000 toothbrushing cycles. Gloss values ranged between 31.9 and 50.6 GU at baseline and between 5.1 and 19.5 GU after 20,000 toothbrushing cycles. The lowest initial Ra value was detected in Venus Diamond and the highest initial gloss value was detected in Tetric EvoCeram. Conclusions: Simulated toothbrushing abrasion led to an increase in surface roughness and a decrease in gloss for all tested materials. Venus Diamond had the smoothest surface and Tetric EvoCeram had the glossiest surface after polishing and following 20,000 cycles of toothbrushing abrasion. Admira Fusion demonstrated the roughest surface and had the lowest gloss values before and after toothbrushing abrasion.

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How do the optical properties of the bulk fill posterior composites change after 2 years of simulated toothbrushing?

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2019.v22i3.1752 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 378-386

Author(s):

Leticia Souza Lopes ◽

Helio Rodrigues Sampaio Filho ◽

Elisa Gomes Albuquerque ◽

Chane Tardem ◽

Mauro Sayão Miranda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Resin Composite ◽

High Viscosity ◽

Composite Resins ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Significance Level ◽

Composite Control ◽

Multifactor Analysis ◽

Post Hoc

The objective of this study was to evaluate the alteration of the optical properties of bulk Fill resin-based composites after 2 years of simulated toothbrushing. Three high-viscosity bulk fill resin composites and one conventional sculptable resin composite (control) were analyzed. Five specimens of each resin composite were prepared, and roughness, color, translucency and gloss were evaluated initially and after one and two years of simulated toothbrushing. The specimens were submitted to electric simulated toothbrushing (14600 strokes/100g) using a commercially available toothbrush with soft fibers and toothpaste slurry in a proportion of 1:2 by weight. The brushing scheme was of 40 cycles per day (2 cycles per second / 280 cycles in a week). The optical properties and the roughness data were analyzed by a multifactor analysis of variance (MANOVA) and a Tukey post hoc test. The baseline and final values of Ra and Sa were submitted to linear regression analyses, all of which were performed at a significance level of p=0.05. Gloss and roughness presented statistical differences between the resin-time interactions in all composite resins. The gloss (72.5%) and roughness (89.4%) worsened significantly after brushing, but the authors didn’t find statistically significant differences when evaluating translucency and color. Based in the results, it could be concluded that the simulated brushing degraded the brightness and roughness of the used high-viscosity bulk fill composites.

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Microleakage at enamel and dentin margins with a bulk fills flowable resin

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.126230 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 08 (01) ◽

pp. 001-008 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Nicola Scotti ◽

Allegra Comba ◽

Alberto Gambino ◽

Davide Salvatore Paolino ◽

Mario Alovisi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Resin Composite ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Artificial Ageing ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Class V ◽

Dye Penetration ◽

Before And After ◽

Blue Solution

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal sealing ability of a bulk fill flowable resin composite on both enamel and dentin substrates. Materials and Methods: 48 non-carious molars were selected and four Class-V cavities were prepared at the CEJ of each sample. Cavities were filled with Venus Diamond (Heraeus Kulzer); Venus Diamond Flow (Heraeus Kulzer) and Surefil SDR (Dentsply). Samples were divided into two groups: First group samples were immersed in a methylene blue solution for 30 min at 25°C. Second group samples were artificially aged and then treated with methylene blue. Samples were sectioned in the center of the restoration and observed with a 40x stereomicroscope, and the percentage of cavity infiltration was calculated. Results: Results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA (P < 0.05). The amount of infiltration was significantly lower for the enamel substrate compared with dentin (P = 0.0001) and in samples immediately immersed in methylene blue compared with those that were artificially aged (P = 0.011). The interaction between the composite material and the marginal substrate significantly affected dye penetration (P = 0.006). Conclusions: Bulk fill flowable resins provided significantly better marginal seal in dentin, both before and after artificial ageing. Nanohybrid resin composites and bulk fill flowable resins showed similar microleakage values at enamel margins. Bulk fills flowable resins provided significantly better marginal seal in dentin, both before and after artificial ageing. Nanohybrid resin composites and bulk fill flowable resins showed similar microleakage values at enamel margins.

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The effect of a bleaching agent on the pigment removal and the bond strength of bulk-fill resin composites: an in vitro study

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP ◽

10.1590/1807-2577.08818 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 298-304

Author(s):

Caroline de Farias CHARAMBA ◽

Renally Bezerra Wanderley LIMA ◽

Sônia Saeger MEIRELES ◽

Rosângela Marques DUARTE ◽

Ana Karina Maciel ANDRADE

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Color Change ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Filling Material ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Bleaching Agent ◽

Microtensile Testing ◽

Before And After

Abstract Introduction In order to simplify the technique, reduce the time required for direct adhesive restorations, bulk-fill resin composites have been developed be applied in bulk placement up to 4 mm increments. Objective Evaluating the color change (ΔE) and the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of bulk fill resin composites (BFRC) to dentin after the immersion in regular beverages and the application of bleaching systems. Method Forty-five human molar teeth were randomly distributed in three groups according to the filling material (n=15): Filtek Bulk Fill, Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill and Filtek Z100. The restored teeth were immersed in coffee, wine and distilled water (n=5) for 72 hours. The color parameters were measured using a spectrophotometer, having as basis the CIE L*a*b*, before and after tooth staining and application of bleaching processes. Subsequently, the teeth were sectioned to obtain the specimens for the microtensile testing. The ΔE values were analyzed applying the Kruskal-Wallis and the Wilcoxon tests, and the μTBS values were analyzed applying the ANOVA and the Bonferroni tests (p<0.05). Result There were no significant differences in the ∆E values when comparing the BFRCs to the conventional resin composite (CRC) in most of the experimental groups. The ∆E values did not present significant differences before and after the application of bleaching processes for all the tested resin composites. The BFRCs presented higher μTBS values than the CRC after exposure to distilled water, wine and bleaching agent. Conclusion The studied BFRCs presented similar color stability to the CRC. The BFRCs presented higher bond strength to the dentin than the CTC in most of the evaluated conditions. The bleaching agent was not effective in whitening the stained restored teeth.

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ASSESSMENT OF THE SURFACE CONDITIONS OF GAS-LUBRICATED FACE-SEAL SEALING RINGS

Tribologia ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0010.5893 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 11-21

Author(s):

Jakub GACEK ◽

Łukasz NORYMBERCZYK ◽

Stanisław PŁONKA

Keyword(s):

Silicon Carbide ◽

Surface Condition ◽

Face Seal ◽

Roughness Parameters ◽

Surface Conditions ◽

Before And After ◽

The Face ◽

Almost All ◽

2D And 3D ◽

Sintered Silicon

The paper presents a study of surface condition of stationary and rotary rings of a gas-lubricated face seal before and after 25 hours of operation on a test bench, with 75 cycles of start-ups and stops of the drive. For evaluation of surface conditions, flatness deviation and a selected 2D and 3D roughness parameters were measured. Profiles of the roughness, material ratio curves, topography, and surface maps in colour before and after 25 hours of operations were presented. It has been found that wear of the end faces of the saling rings differs between sintered silicon carbide and carbon graphite. In the case of the stationary ring made of sintered silicon carbide with a hardness of 3000 HV, there is a slight increase in values of almost all (except Sp) measured 3D amplitude parameters: Sa, Sq, Sv, St. In the case of the rotary ring made of carbon graphite with hardness of about 115 HR a noticeable reduction in values of these parameters was found. Changes In 2D and 3D roughness parameters of end faces of the stationary and rotary rings allow confirming the al most contact-free character of the face seal operation.

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Characterization of water sorption, solubility and filler particles of light-cured composite resins

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402009000400009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 314-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Sandrine Bittencourt Berger ◽

Alan Rodrigo Muniz Palialol ◽

Vanessa Cavalli ◽

Marcelo Giannini

Keyword(s):

Water Sorption ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Composite Resins ◽

Resin Matrix ◽

Filler Size ◽

Filler Particles ◽

Particle Size And Shape ◽

Post Hoc ◽

One Way Anova

The goals of this study were to measure the water sorption (WS) and solubility (SO) of 3 composite resins containing different filler contents. Additionally, the size, shape, type and other characteristics of fillers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Three composites, classified according to filler size, were selected: Filtek Supreme nanofill (3M/ESPE), Esthet-X minifill (Dentsply/Caulk) and Renamel microfill (Cosmedent Inc.). Ten disk-shaped specimens of each resin composite were made and stored in desiccators until constant mass was achieved. Specimens were then stored in water for 7 days, and the mass of each specimen was measured. The specimens were dried again and dried specimen mass determined. The WS and SO were calculated from these measurements. Data analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (?=0.05). Composite filler particles were observed under SEM after removal of resin matrix by organic solvents. WS values were not significantly different among the resins; however, SO values were lower for Filtek Supreme. The materials presented differences in filler contents (e.g. particle size and shape). The composite resins had similar WS, while the SO was lower for the nanofill than for mini and microfill resins. The filler characteristics varied and were different among the materials.

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Effect of thickness on fluorescence of resin-composites and dental substrates

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2016.v19i3.1282 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carla Tavares ◽

Luiza Tavares ◽

Ayla Correia ◽

Eduardo Bresciani ◽

Taciana Caneppele

Keyword(s):

Resin Composite ◽

Dental Enamel ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Dental Resins ◽

Fluorescence Measurements ◽

Post Hoc

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of thickness on fluorescence of resin composites and tooth substrates (enamel and dentin). Material and methods: Ninety bovine incisors were used, resulting in 45 dentin and 45 enamel disks (6 mm diameter and 0.5, 1<ins cite="mailto:Eduardo%20Bresciani" datetime="2016-08-29T16:21">,</ins> or 1.5 mm in thickness). Ninety discs of Charisma, Filtek Z350 and IPS Empress Direct (for enamel and dentin) resins at same dimensions were built. Fluorescence measurements were performed using a fluorescence spectrophotometer (RF-5301PC, Shimadzu Corp) with excitation at 365 nm. Data were submitted to 2-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Results: The 2<ins cite="mailto:Eduardo%20Bresciani" datetime="2016-08-29T16:22">-</ins><del cite="mailto:Eduardo%20Bresciani" datetime="2016-08-29T16:22"> </del>way<del cite="mailto:Eduardo%20Bresciani" datetime="2016-08-29T16:22"> -</del> ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences for all factors, as well as the interaction between them (p <0.05). Dentin specimens (1.5 mm) showed highest fluorescence (128.33 A.U.), while Filtek Z350 (dentin - 1.0 mm) showed the lowest fluorescence (29.84 A.U.). Thickness influenced fluorescence values of enamel substrate. Conclusion: The thickness influenced fluorescence of enamel and all resin composite assessed showed fluorescence lower than natural dentin.KeywordsDental enamel; Dental resins; Dentin; Spectrometry, Fluorescence.

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