scholarly journals How do the optical properties of the bulk fill posterior composites change after 2 years of simulated toothbrushing?

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-386
Author(s):  
Leticia Souza Lopes ◽  
Helio Rodrigues Sampaio Filho ◽  
Elisa Gomes Albuquerque ◽  
Chane Tardem ◽  
Mauro Sayão Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Composite Control ◽  
Multifactor Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

The objective of this study was to evaluate the alteration of the optical properties of bulk Fill resin-based composites after 2 years of simulated toothbrushing. Three high-viscosity bulk fill resin composites and one conventional sculptable resin composite (control) were analyzed. Five specimens of each resin composite were prepared, and roughness, color, translucency and gloss were evaluated initially and after one and two years of simulated toothbrushing. The specimens were submitted to electric simulated toothbrushing (14600 strokes/100g) using a commercially available toothbrush with soft fibers and toothpaste slurry in a proportion of 1:2 by weight. The brushing scheme was of 40 cycles per day (2 cycles per second / 280 cycles in a week). The optical properties and the roughness data were analyzed by a multifactor analysis of variance (MANOVA) and a Tukey post hoc test. The baseline and final values of Ra and Sa were submitted to linear regression analyses, all of which were performed at a significance level of p=0.05. Gloss and roughness presented statistical differences between the resin-time interactions in all composite resins. The gloss (72.5%) and roughness (89.4%) worsened significantly after brushing, but the authors didn’t find statistically significant differences when evaluating translucency and color. Based in the results, it could be concluded that the simulated brushing degraded the brightness and roughness of the used high-viscosity bulk fill composites.

scholarly journals Effect of Toothbrushing-mouthrinse-cycling on Surface Roughness and Topography of Nanofilled, Microfilled, and Microhybrid Resin Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
EM da Silva ◽  
CUF de Sá Rodrigues ◽  
DA Dias ◽  
S da Silva ◽  
CM Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Filler Particle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Topographic Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Multifactor Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of toothbrushing-mouthrinse-cycling (TMC) on the surface roughness and topography of three resin composites with different filler particle systems (Z350, nanofilled [Nf]; Durafill, microfilled [Mf], and Empress Direct, microhybrid [Mh]). Twenty specimens of each resin composite (8.0 mm diameter and 2 mm height) were randomly divided into four groups (n=5) according to the mouthrinses: alcohol-free (Plax – P) and alcohol-containing (Listerine – L and Plax Fresh Mint – PM) and artificial saliva (control – AS). The specimens were submitted to TMC for nine weeks. A surface roughness tester and a three-dimensional profilometer were used to measure the roughness (Ra) and the topography (Sa) before and after TMC. The data were analyzed by multifactor analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05). In all media, Mh presented greater roughness than Mf (p<0.05). The highest value of roughness was presented by Mh immersed in L (p<0.05). The lowest values of roughness were presented by Mf (p<0.05). The three resin composites presented the highest roughness after immersion in mouthrinses containing alcohol (PM and L) (p<0.05). For the three resin composites, the increase in roughness was noticeable after the fifth week. Topographic analysis showed that the smoothest surfaces were present after immersion in AS.

scholarly journals Degradation of Resin Composites in a Simulated Deep Cavity

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Gonçalves ◽  
Cristiane Mariote Amaral ◽  
Laiza Tatiana Poskus ◽  
José Guilherme Antunes Guimarães ◽  
Eduardo Moreira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Cavity Depth ◽  
Deep Cavity ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Multifactor Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

The aim of this study was to analyze the sorption and solubility of a nanofilled (Filtek Z350) and a midifilled (Filtek P60) resin composite in oral environment-like substances, in a simulated deep cavity. A cylindrical cavity prepared in a bovine incisor root was incrementally filled with resin composites. The obtained resin composite cylinders were cut perpendicularly to the axis to obtain 1-mm-thick discs that were divided into fifteen groups (n=5) according to depth (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm) and immersion media (distilled water - DW, artificial saliva - AS and lactic acid - LA). The sorption and solubility were calculated based on ISO 4049:2000. Additionally, the degree of conversion (DC%) was calculated by FT-IR spectroscopy. Data were analyzed using multifactor analysis of variance (MANOVA) followed by Tukey's HSD post-hoc test and linear regression analysis (a=0.05). The DC% was higher for the midifilled resin composite and was negatively influenced by cavity depth (p<0.05). The nanofilled resin composite presented higher sorption and solubility than did the midifilled (p<0.05). The immersion media influenced the sorption and the solubility as follows: LA>AS>DW, (p<0.05). Both phenomena were influenced by cavity depth, with the sorption and solubility increasing from 1 to 5 mm (p<0.05). The degradation of resin composite restorations may be greater in the deepest regions of class II restorations when the composite is exposed to organic acids present in the oral biofilm (lactic acid).

scholarly journals The effect of one-step and multi-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and microhardness of novel resin composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Erdemir ◽  
Hande Sar Sancakli ◽  
Esra Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Step ◽  
Wet Ground ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACTObjectives: The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface roughness and microhardness of three novel resin composites containing nanoparticles after polishing with one-step and conventional multi-step polishing systems.Methods: A total of 126 specimens (10 X 2 mm) were prepared in a metal mold using three nanocomposites (Filtek Supreme XT, Ceram-X, and Grandio), 21 specimens of each resin composite for both tests (n=63 for each test). Following light curing, seven specimens from each group received no polishing treatment and served as controls for both tests. The specimens were randomly polished using PoGo and Sof-Lex systems for 30 seconds after being wet-ground with 1200-grit silicon carbide paper. The mean surface roughness of each polished specimen was determined with a profilometer. The microhardness was determined using a Vickers hardness measuring instrument with a 200-g load and 15 seconds dwell time. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the post hoc Dunn's multiple comparison tests at a significance level of .05.Results: Among all materials, the smoothest surfaces were obtained under a matrix strip (control) (P<.05). There were no statistically significant differences among polishing systems in the resin composites for surface roughness (P>.05). The lowest hardness values for the three resin composites were obtained with a matrix strip, and there was a statistically significant difference compared with other polishing systems (P<.05) whereas no statistically significant differences were observed between the polishing systems (P<.05).Conclusion: The current one-step polishing system appears to be as effective as multi-step systems and may be preferable for polishing resin composite restorations. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:198-205)

scholarly journals Push-Out Bond Strength of Restorations with Bulk-Fill, Flow, and Conventional Resin Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Vieira Caixeta ◽  
Ricardo Danil Guiraldo ◽  
Edmilson Nobumitu Kaneshima ◽  
Aline Silvestre Barbosa ◽  
Cassiana Pedrotti Picolotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Conical Cavity ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Push Out

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strengths of composite restorations made with different filler amounts and resin composites that were photoactivated using a light-emitting diode (LED). Thirty bovine incisors were selected, and a conical cavity was prepared in the facial surface of each tooth. All preparations were etched with Scotchbond Etching Gel, the Adper Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus adhesive system was applied followed by photoactivation, and the cavities were filled with a single increment of Filtek Z350 XT, Filtek Z350 XT Flow, or bulk-fill X-tra fil resin composite (n= 10) followed by photoactivation. A push-out test to determine bond strength was conducted using a universal testing machine. Data (MPa) were submitted to Student’st-test at a 5% significance level. After the test, the fractured specimens were examined using an optical microscope under magnification (10x). Although all three composites demonstrated a high prevalence of adhesive failures, the bond strength values of the different resin composites photoactivated by LED showed that the X-tra fil resin composite had a lower bond strength than the Filtek Z350 XT and Filtek Z350 XT Flow resin composites.

Marginal Gap Formation in Approximal “Bulk Fill” Resin Composite Restorations After Artificial Ageing

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Peutzfeldt ◽  
S Mühlebach ◽  
A Lussi ◽  
S Flury
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Artificial Ageing ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Gap Formation ◽  
Marginal Gap ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference

SUMMARY The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the marginal gap formation of a packable “regular” resin composite (Filtek Supreme XTE [3M ESPE]) and two flowable “bulk fill” resin composites (Filtek Bulk Fill [3M ESPE] and SDR [DENTSPLY DeTrey]) along the approximal margins of Class II restorations. In each of 39 extracted human molars (n=13 per resin composite), mesial and distal Class II cavities were prepared, placing the gingival margins below the cemento-enamel junction. The cavities were restored with the adhesive system OptiBond FL (Kerr) and one of the three resin composites. After restoration, each molar was cut in half in the oro-vestibular direction between the two restorations, resulting in two specimens per molar. Polyvinylsiloxane impressions were taken and “baseline” replicas were produced. The specimens were then divided into two groups: At the beginning of each month over the course of six months' tap water storage (37°C), one specimen per molar was subjected to mechanical toothbrushing, whereas the other was subjected to thermocycling. After artificial ageing, “final” replicas were produced. Baseline and final replicas were examined under the scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the SEM micrographs were used to determine the percentage of marginal gap formation in enamel or dentin. Paramarginal gaps were registered. The percentages of marginal gap formation were statistically analyzed with a nonparametric analysis of variance followed by Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests and Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and all p-values were corrected with the Bonferroni-Holm adjustment for multiple testing (significance level: α=0.05). Paramarginal gaps were analyzed descriptively. In enamel, significantly lower marginal gap formation was found for Filtek Supreme XTE compared to Filtek Bulk Fill (p=0.0052) and SDR (p=0.0289), with no significant difference between Filtek Bulk Fill and SDR (p=0.4072). In dentin, significantly lower marginal gap formation was found for SDR compared to Filtek Supreme XTE (p&lt;0.0001) and Filtek Bulk Fill (p=0.0015), with no significant difference between Filtek Supreme XTE and Filtek Bulk Fill (p=0.4919). Marginal gap formation in dentin was significantly lower than in enamel (p&lt;0.0001). The percentage of restorations with paramarginal gaps varied between 0% and 85%, and for all three resin composites the percentages were markedly higher after artificial ageing. The results from this study suggest that in terms of marginal gap formation in enamel, packable resin composites may be superior to flowable “bulk fill” resin composites, while in dentin some flowable “bulk fill” resin composites may be superior to packable ones.

scholarly journals Compressive strength and compressive fatigue limit of conventional and high viscosity posterior resin composites

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Brandão ◽  
Gelson Luis Adabo ◽  
Luís Geraldo Vaz ◽  
José Roberto Cury Saad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fatigue Limit ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Staircase Method ◽  
Compressive Resistance

The purpose of this study was to compare the compressive strengths and compressive fatigue limits of three posterior composite resins (Filtek P-60, Surefil and Prodigy Condensable) and a universal restorative composite (Z-100). Cylindrical specimens (8 mm in length x 4 mm in diameter) were used. The dynamic test was performed using the staircase method, and the ratio between compressive fatigue limit and compressive resistance was also calculated (n = 15). The compressive strength and compressive fatigue limit data were analyzed by Anova and Tukey’s test. The Z-100 composite demonstrated higher compression strength (307.20 MPa) than Surefil (266.93 MPa) and Prodigy Condensable (222.08 MPa). The resistance of Filtek P-60 (270.44 MPa) was similar to the resistances of Z-100 and Surefil, while Prodigy Condensable presented the lowest compressive strength. In the compressive fatigue limit tests, Filtek P-60 demonstrated a higher value (184.20 MPa) than Prodigy Condensable (155.50 MPa). Surefil (165.74 MPa) and Z-100 (161.22 MPa) presented limits similar to those of Filtek P-60 and Prodigy Condensable. The compressive fatigue limit/compressive strength ratio was 70.01% for Prodigy Condensable, 68.11% for Filtek P-60, 62.09% for Surefil and 52.48% for Z-100. It was concluded that the Z-100 universal composite was more sensitive to the dynamic test than the high viscosity materials.

scholarly journals Influence of Etching Mode and Composite Type on Bond Strength to Biodentine Using a “No-Wait” Universal Adhesive

2021 ◽  
pp. 354-365
Author(s):  
Ayça Sarialioğlu Güngör ◽  
Betül Aycan Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Universal Adhesive ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Composite Type ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
No Wait ◽  
Post Hoc

The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of four resin-based composite materials to a silicate-based cement using a “no-wait” universal bond with self-etch (SE) and etch-and-rinse (ER) modes. Acrylic blocks (n=80, 2mm depth, 5mm diameter central hole) were prepared. The holes were filled with BiodentineTM (BD) and divided into 4 main groups (n=20) according to the composite resin type used: Group FZ250: FiltekTM Z250 Universal Restorative (microhybrid), Group SDR: SDR Plus U Bulk Fill Flowable (low-viscosity bulk-fill), Group FBP: FiltekTM Bulk Fill Posterior (high-viscosity bulk-fill), Group EF: EsFlow™ Universal Flowable Composite (nanohybrid). A ‘no-wait’ universal bond (Clearfil Universal Bond Quick) was used for bonding application. Then each group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the etching mode applied (ER and SE). SBSs were measured and stereomicroscope was used to identify the failure modes. Selected samples of fracture surfaces were imaged by SEM. Tukey’s post-hoc and One-way ANOVA tests were used to analyze data. There were statistically significant differences among the composite groups (p<0.05). When SDR  showed the highest bond strength values in SE (17.13 ± 2.98 MPa) mode, FBP showed the lowest bond strength values in ER (8.89 ± 2.46 MPa) mode. The mean SBS was not different between the SE and ER modes (p> 0.05). The SBS of BD to the resin composites depends on the composite type but  application of the ‘no-wait’ universal bond in different etching modes is regardless of the SBS of BD to resin composites.

scholarly journals Shear Bond Strength and Optical Properties of Resin Composite - Layered Provisional Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Juthatip Aksornmuang ◽  
Juckrapun Tiangtrong
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Bonding Agent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pmma Surface

Aims: To compare the shear bond strength between resin composite and Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with various bonding protocols and to evaluate the optical properties of resin composite - layered provisional Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Materials and Methods: Eighty cylindrical shape specimens were fabricated from self-polymerized provisional Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and they were randomly divided into eight groups. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was mixed and bonded onto the specimens as a positive control group. Resin composite was bonded to MMA-wetted surface without bonding agent as a negative control group. All remaining groups were bonded to resin composite using different bonding agents (Scothbond Universal, Luxatemp glaze&bond, and HC Primer) with and without MMA wetting. Shear bond strength testing was performed using a universal testing machine. Various shades of 0.5 mm-thick resin composites were layered onto 1.5 mm-thick PMMA both light and dark shade, with the most effective bonding protocol. Color differences between resin composite and – layered provisional Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were measured using Spectrophotometer. Results: Bonding resin composite onto Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) using luxatemp glaze, bond and HC Primer without methyl methacrylate wetting provided statistically significantly lower bond strength than those of the MMA-wetted Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surface. The highest shear bond strength was achieved with the application of Scothbond Universal Adhesive regardless of MMA wetting. The colors of resin composite - layered provisional Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were different from the original resin composite color with ΔE results greater than the acceptable threshold (>3.7). Conclusion: Resin composites were able to effectively bond to the MMA-wetted Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surface with the application of a tested bonding agent. Layering Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with 0.5 mm-thick resin composite could not modify the Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) shade to the original resin composite color.

Bonding Interaction and Shrinkage Stress of Low-viscosity Bulk Fill Resin Composites With High-viscosity Bulk Fill or Conventional Resin Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
ER Cerda-Rizo ◽  
M de Paula Rodrigues ◽  
ABF Vilela ◽  
SSL Braga ◽  
LRS Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Shrinkage Stress ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Bonding Interaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

SUMMARY Objective: To analyze the shrinkage stress, bonding interaction, and failure modes between different low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites and conventional resin composites produced by the same manufacturer or a high-viscosity bulk fill resin composite used to restore the occlusal layer in posterior teeth. Methods & Materials: Three low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites were associated with the conventional resin composites made by the same manufacturers or with a high-viscosity bulk fill resin composite, resulting in six groups (n=10). The bonding interaction between resin composites was tested by assessing the microshear bond strength (μSBS). The samples were thermocycled and were tested with 1-mm/min crosshead speed, and the failure mode was evaluated. The post-gel shrinkage (Shr) of all the resin composites was measured using a strain gauge (n=10). The modulus of elasticity (E) and the hardness (KHN) were measured using the Knoop hardness test. Two-dimensional finite element models were created for analyzing the stress caused by shrinkage and contact loading. The μSBS, Shr, E, and KHN data were analyzed using the Student t-test and one-way analysis of variance. The failure mode data were subjected to chi-square analysis (α=0.05). The stress distribution was analyzed qualitatively. Results: No significant difference was verified for μSBS between low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites and conventional or high-viscosity bulk fill composites in terms of restoring the occlusal layer (p=0.349). Cohesive failure of the low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites was the most frequent failure mode. The Shr, E, and KHN varied between low-viscosity and high-viscosity resin composites. The use of high-viscosity bulk fill resin composites on the occlusal layer reduced the stress at the enamel interface on the occlusal surface. Conclusions: The use of high-viscosity bulk fill resin composites as an occlusal layer for low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites to restore the posterior teeth can be a viable alternative, as it shows a similar bonding interaction to conventional resin composites as well as lower shrinkage stress at the enamel margin.

Impact of the Porosity from Incremental and Bulk Resin Composite Filling Techniques on the Biomechanical Performance of Root-Treated Molars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAS Pereira ◽  
PBF Soares ◽  
AA Bicalho ◽  
LM Barcelos ◽  
LRS Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mode ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Pulp Chamber ◽  
Ionomer Cement

SUMMARY Objectives: To analyze the effect of the porosity caused by incremental and bulk resin composite filling techniques using low- and high-viscosity composite resins on the biomechanical performance of root-treated molars. Methods: Forty intact molars received standardized mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavity preparation, were root treated, and randomly divided into four groups with different filling techniques (n=10). The first involved two incremental filling techniques using VIT/Z350XT, a nanofilled composite resin (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE) associated with a resinmodified glass ionomer cement, and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC; Vitremer, 3M ESPE) for filling the pulp chamber. The second involved TPH/VIT, a microhybrid composite resin TPH3 Spectrum associated with Vitremer. The third and fourth involved two bulk-fill composite resins: SDR/TPH, a low-viscosity resin composite (Surefill SDR flow, Dentsply) associated with TPH3 Spectrum, and POST, a high-viscosity bulkfill resin composite (Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior, 3M ESPE). The volume of the porosity inside the restoration was calculated by micro-CT. The cusp deformation caused by polymerization shrinkage was calculated using the strain-gauge and micro-CT methods. The cusp deformation was also calculated during 100 N occlusal loading and loading to fracture. The fracture resistance and fracture mode were recorded. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test. The fracture mode was analyzed by the χ2 test. The volume of the porosity was correlated with the cusp deformation, fracture resistance, and fracture mode (α=0.05). Results: Incremental filling techniques associated with RMGIC resulted in a significantly higher porosity than that of both bulk-fill techniques. However, no significant difference was found among the groups for the fracture resistance, fracture mode, and cusp deformation, regardless of the measurement time and method used. No correlation was observed between the volume of the porosity and all tested parameters. Conclusions: The porosity of the restorations had no influence on the cuspal deformation, fracture resistance, or fracture mode. The use of the RMGIC for filling the pulp chamber associated with incremental composite resins resulted in similar biomechanical performance to that of the flowable or regular paste bulk-fill composite resin restorations of root-treated molars.

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