scholarly journals Associations of Serum MicroRNA with Bone Mineral Density in Community-Dwelling Subjects: The Yakumo Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Nakashima ◽  
Kei Ando ◽  
Kazuyoshi Kobayashi ◽  
Taisuke Seki ◽  
Shinya Ishizuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Confidential Interval

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by deterioration of bone tissue and mass, with an increasing global prevalence. Therefore, the discovery of biomarkers for osteoporosis would help to guide appropriate treatment. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have become increasingly recognized as biomarkers for detecting diseases. However, few studies have investigated the association of circulating miRNA with osteoporosis in the general population. The aim of this study was to identify miRNA associated with osteoporosis in a general resident health check-up for potential use as an osteoporosis biomarker. We conducted a cross-sectional study as part of a health check-up program and recruited 352 volunteers (139 men, 213 women, mean age 64.1±9.6 years). Osteoporosis was diagnosed according to the WHO classification. Twenty-two candidate microRNAs were screened through real-time quantitative PCR, and miRNAs associated with osteoporosis were analyzed using logistic regression analysis including other risk factors. In total, 95 females and 30 males were diagnosed with osteoporosis with bone mineral density tests (BMD: T‐score<−2.5). We found that miR195 was significantly lower in females, while miR150 and miR222 were significantly higher in males. The results of the logistic regression analysis indicated that in females, higher age and lower miR195 (odds ratio: 0.45, 95% confidential interval: 0.03–0.98) were significant risk factors for lower BMD, while the presence of a smoking habit and lower miR150 (odds ratio: 1.35, 95% confidential interval: 1.02–1.79) were significant risk factors for osteoporosis. Serum levels of miR195 and miR150 are independently associated with low bone mineral density in females and males, respectively.

scholarly journals Discordance between Spinal and Hip Bone Mineral Density Values in Patients with Lumbar Scoliosis – Experience of a Single Institute

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Shamim MF Begum ◽  
Nasreen Sultana ◽  
Zeenat Jabin ◽  
Rahima Parveen ◽  
Azmal Kabir Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Scoliosis

Osteoporosis and scoliosis are encountered concurrently. Scoliosis predisposes to osteoporosis but degenerative scoliosis could falsely elevate lumbar bone mineral density measurement leading to discordance. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of discordance between lumbar spines and hip bone mineral density in patients with lumbar scoliosis and to evaluate the risk factors of discordance. The prevalence of osteoporosis and discordance was determined as major and minor discordance. Old age, age at menopause, sex and BMI were considered as possible risk factors for discordance and were used in multivariate logistic regression analysis.   Discordance between lumbar spines and hip was found in 55 (78.6 %) patients and among them major and minor discordance of T-scores were seen in 18 (25.7%) and 37 (52.9%) respectively. Concordance of T scores was seen in 15 (21.4%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis female sex, age older than 60 years and BMI less than 30 kg/m2 was identified as risk factors for T-score discordance.In lumbar scoliosis the overestimation of lumbar spine may lead to diagnostic dilemma, whereas hip DEXA appears to be more reliable in these cases. In such cases it is in the jurisdiction of the physician to look for possible underlying causes of discordance of T score.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 18(2): 121-124, July 2015

scholarly journals Predictors of Bone Mineral Density Improvement after Parathyroidectomy for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Okada ◽  
Yoshihiro Tominaga ◽  
Toshihide Tomosugi ◽  
Takahisa Hiramitsu ◽  
Toshihiro Ichimori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Mineral Density

Abstract Background Parathyroidectomy (PTx) reportedly increases bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). To date, however, there has not been sufficient evidence on predictors of BMD improvement post-PTx for SHPT, an issue the present retrospective cohort study aimed to address. Methods A total of 173 SHPT patients who underwent total PTx with forearm autograft between 2009 and 2017 were included in the present study. Demographic information, perioperative laboratory data and pre- and post-PTx BMD values (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were collected from their medical records. The change in BMD post-PTx in the lumbar spine was evaluated as the primary outcome. Then, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for a ≥ 10% increase in BMD post-PTx. Results Overall, the median BMD in the lumbar spine was increased by 8.7% post-PTx. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥ 70 years (P = 0.005; odds ratio [OR], 0.138; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.034–0.555), serum Ca level (P = 0.017; OR, 0.598; 95% CI: 0.392–0.911) and pre-PTx BMD in the lumbar spine (P = 0.003; OR, 0.013; 95% CI: 0.001–0.229) were negatively associated with a ≥ 10% increase in BMD post-PTx. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that presurgical age, serum Ca levels and BMD values could better predict an improvement in BMD post-PTx in SHPT patients.

The prevalence and associated factors of reduced bone mineral density (BMD) among men with suppressed viral load taking antiretroviral therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiye Nur Ozcan ◽  
Dilek Yıldız Sevgi ◽  
Ahsen Oncul ◽  
Alper Gunduz ◽  
Ozgun Pehlivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis

Background: Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is a frequent comorbidity observed in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and associated factors of reduced bone mineral density (BMD) among men with suppressed viral load taking antiretroviral therapy. Method: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study design between January to April 2019. 211 patients were included in the study. Z-score at either body site between -1.0 and -2.0 or -2 or less were defined as osteopenia or osteoporosis, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors affecting the development of reduced BMD. Results: The mean age of the patients involved in the study was 34.8 ± 7.6. Osteoporosis was detected in 21.4% and osteopenia in 44.5% of the patients. There was a significant relationship between HIV diagnosis time, ART usage duration, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) use, TDF use in the past, total TDF usage time and decreased BMD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the likelihood of reduced bone marrow density was 67% lower among those with regular milk or dairy product intake compared to those without (OR=0.330; 95% CI = 0.12-0.92, p=0.033 ) Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of reduced BMD among PLHIV aged under 50 which is mainly confounded by HIV diagnosis time, ART usage duration and TDF usage. Although virological control has been achieved, these patients should be followed up, considering that they may have decreased BMD.

Serious Symptomatic Thromboembolic Complications in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Replacement - A Prospective Study.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 630-630
Author(s):  
Camilla Ryge ◽  
Michael Rud Lassen ◽  
Soeren Solgaard ◽  
Stig Sonne-Holm
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Vein Thrombosis

Abstract Purpose: To describe the rate and time of onset of serious thromboembolic (TE) complications within the first 90 postoperative days in an unselected population of THR patients. Secondary to analyse the data base for possible risk factors of TE. Material and method: Five hundred (430 primary THR and 70 revision THR) consecutive patients undergoing THR in Frederiksborg County, Denmark from January 2004 until May 2005 participated. The patients were interviewed the day before surgery for medical history. On the 5th postoperative day and at a telephone interview 90 days postoperatively patients were asked about signs and symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), transitory cerebral ischemia (TCI)/stroke, retinal vein thrombosis (RVT) and other cardio vascular events. All events were validated in hospital and/or the general practitioners files, using international criteria. All patients except 1 had chemical thromboprophylaxis during hospitalization. No patients had extended thromboprophylaxis after discharge. 498 patients had 90 days follow-up. Two patients withdrew their consent. Results: 24 patients (4.8%) experienced at least one serious TE complication during the first 90 days after the operation. Two (0.4%) patients died in relation to the operation (no autopsy was performed). Five patients (1.0%) had PE. One patient (0.2%) had AMI, 10 (2.0%) had DVT, two (0.4%) had RVT and four (0.8%) had TCI. Two patients experienced two events - one had AMI and later on a TCI, another had PE and TCI on the same day. Nine patients had their first event during the first five postoperative days - 15 patients had their first event after the 5th postoperative day. The only significant risk factor found in a backward logistic regression analysis including interaction (test for confounder/bias) was the length of the operation P=0.003 OR= 1.016 (1.005–1.026). This study has not been able to show any significant correlation between age, gender, co-morbidities, preoperative hemoglobin value ore platelet count, high ASA-score, kind of anesthesia, indication for operation or use of cement or interactions between the above in the logistic regression analysis, but individually all these factors were significant risk factors in the introductory bivariate analysis. Discussion: This study shows that venous and arterial thrombotic complications persist to be a major contribution to postoperative morbidity and mortality after elective total hip replacement, despite of rigorous early mobilization and optimized regimens of prevention of thromboembolism. After this study has been performed ACCP has recommended extend prophylaxis by LMWH, pentasaccharide or warfarin up to 4–5 weeks after total hip replacement. Further research to identify patients at risk is warranted to optimize risk/benefit of total hip replacement and prevention of venous and arterial thromboembolism. The majority of events occurred after discharge calling for improvement of the post-discharge period to reduce the risk of serious thromboembolism.

Risk Factors for Silent Cerebral Infarcts in a Pediatric Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) Cohort

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2487-2487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francoise Bernaudin ◽  
Suzanne Verlhac ◽  
Annie Kamdem ◽  
Cécile Arnaud ◽  
Lena Coïc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Background Silent infarcts are associated with impaired cognitive functioning and have been shown to be predictors of stroke (Miller ST J Pediatr 2001). Until now, reported risk factors for silent infarcts were low pain event rate, history of seizures, high leukocyte count and Sen bS haplotype (Kinney TR Pediatrics 1999). Here, we seek to define the prevalence and risk factors of silent infarcts in the Créteil SCA pediatric cohort comprising patients assessed at least yearly by transcranial doppler (TCD) since 1992, and by MRI/MRA. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed data from the Créteil cohort stroke-free SS/Sb0 children (280; 134 F, 146 M), according to institutional review board. Time-averaged mean of maximum velocities higher than 200 cm/sec were considered as abnormal, resulting in initiation of a transfusion program (TP). A switch to hydroxyurea was proposed to patients with normalized velocities (&lt; 170 cm/sec) and normal MRA on TP, although TP was re-initiated in case of abnormal velocities recurrence. Patients with “conditional” velocities (170–199 cm/sec) were assessed by TCD 4 times yearly. Alpha genes and beta-globin haplotypes were determined. Baseline biological parameters (G6PD activity; WBC, PMN, Reticulocytes, Platelets counts; Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, HbF, LDH levels; MCV; SpO2) were obtained a minimum of 3 months away from a transfusion, one month from a painful episode, after 12 months of age, before the first TCD, and always before therapy intensification. Results. Patients were followed for a total of 2139 patient-years. Alpha-Thal was present in 114/254 patients (45%) and 27/241 (11.2%) had G6PD deficiency. Beta genotype, available in 240 patients, was BaBa in 102 (42.5%), BeBe in 54 (22.5%), SeSe in 19 (7.9%) and “other” in 65 (27.1%); TCD was abnormal in 52 of 280 patients (18.6%). MRA showed stenoses in 30 of 226 evaluated patients (13.3%) while MRI demonstrated presence of silent infarcts in 81/280 patients (28.9%). Abnormal TCD (p&lt;0.001), G6PD deficiency (p=0.008), high LDH (p=0.03), and low Hb (p=0.026) were significant risk factors for stenoses by univariate analysis while multivariate analysis retained only abnormal TCD as a significant risk factor for stenoses ([OR= 10.6, 95% CI (4.6–24.4)]; p&lt;0.001). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of silent infarcts was not related to alpha-Thal, beta genotype, abnormal TCD, WBC, PMN, platelets, reticulocyte counts, MCV, LDH level, HbF %, pain or ACS rates but was significantly associated with stenoses detected by MRA (p&lt;0.001), gender (male; p=0.04), G6PD deficiency (p=0.05), low Hb (p=0.016) and Hct (p=0.012). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender ([OR= 2.1, 95% CI (1.03–4.27)]; p=0.042), low Hb ([OR= 1.4, 95% CI (1.0–1.1)]; p=0.05) and stenoses ([OR= 4.8, 95% CI (1.88–12.28)]; p=0.001) were all significant independent risk factors for silent infarcts. The presence of stenoses was the only significant risk factor for silent infarcts in patients with a history of abnormal TCD ([OR= 5.9, 95% CI (1.6–21.7)]; p=0.008). Conclusion We recently showed that G6PD deficiency, absence of alpha-Thal, and hemolysis are independent significant risk factors for abnormal TCD in stroke-free SCA patients (Bernaudin et al, Blood, 2008, in press). Here, we report that an abnormal TCD is the most significant risk factor for stenoses and, expanding previous studies, we demonstrate that stenoses, low Hb and gender are significant independent risk factors for silent infarcts.

Osteoporosis in multiple sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1031-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P Hearn ◽  
Eli Silber
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Review Management ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Fractures resulting from osteoporosis are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. People with multiple sclerosis experience reduced mobility and are susceptible to falls. Glucocorticoid use and reduced mobility are known risk factors for osteoporosis. This paper is a review of osteoporosis in people with multiple sclerosis, looking at its prevalence, risk factors and possible mechanisms. We also review management guidelines for osteoporosis in the general population and use these to propose guidelines for osteoporosis management amongst multiple sclerosis patients. A number of studies have examined the incidence of reduced bone mineral density amongst people with multiple sclerosis; the majority provide convincing evidence that bone mineral density is significantly reduced in multiple sclerosis patients. The most significant risk factors appear to arise from the chronic disease process of multiple sclerosis and not from glucocorticoid use. There are currently no guidelines or consensus as how best to treat osteoporosis amongst multiple sclerosis patients despite their being at an increased risk. We propose an algorithm for the screening and treatment of osteoporosis in people with multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals The Association between ADHD and the Severity of COVID-19 Infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472110036
Author(s):  
Eugene Merzon ◽  
Margaret D. Weiss ◽  
Samuele Cortese ◽  
Ann Rotem ◽  
Tzipporah Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Analysis Models

Objective: Patients with ADHD are at increased risk of acquiring COVID-19. The present study assessed the possibility that ADHD also increases the risk of severe COVID-19 infection. Method: We assessed 1,870 COVID-19 positive patients, aged 5 to 60 years, registered in the database of Leumit Health Services (LHS, Israel), February to -June 2020, of whom 231 with ADHD. Logistic regression analysis models evaluated the association between ADHD and the dependent variables of being symptomatic/referral to hospitalization, controlling for demographic and medical variables. Results: Age, male sex, and BMI were confirmed to be significant risk factors for increased COVID-19 severity. ADHD was found to be associated with increased severity of COVID-19 symptoms ( OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.29, 2.52], p < .05) and referral to hospitalization ( OR =1.93, 95% CI [1.06, 3.51], p = .03). Conclusion: ADHD is associated with poorer outcomes in COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals AB0913 PREDICTING PATIENTS AT RISK OF FRAGILITY FRACTURE WITH NORMAL BONE MINERAL DENSITY: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1758.1-1758
Author(s):  
C. Saleh ◽  
M. Bukhari ◽  
S. M. Bilgrami
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
History Of

Background:There is an increased risk of low-trauma fracture as bone mineral density (BMD) decreases, however a large proportion of these fragility fractures occur in those without osteoporosis or osteopenia. The widely used FRAX tool uses femoral neck (FN) BMD, amongst other parameters, to predict fracture risk. In those with normal BMD, data is lacking on the weight these other parameters hold in predicting future risk. Indeed, FN BMD can be facultative in the estimation of risk when using FRAX.Objectives:To establish predictors of fragility fracture in a patient cohort referred for BMD estimation, subsequently found to have bilateral FN BMD of greater than 1.Methods:A cohort of patients in the North West of England referred between 2004 and 2014 for BMD estimation, with both left and right FN BMD of greater than 1 were identified. Patient parameters identified and analysed included age at scan, gender, BMD at left hip, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, family history of fracture, alcohol history of 3 or more units per day, smoking status, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and steroid exposure. Patients with fragility fracture were compared with those without fracture. Chi-square test and T-test were applied to categorical and continuous data respectively. Further univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to determine parameters associated with future fracture risk.Results:619 patients with bilateral FN BMD of greater than 1 were identified and included in analysis. Mean age at scan was 54 years (SD 11.82) and 542 (87.56%) were female. 92 (14.86%) patients had a fragility fracture. Mean left FN BMD was 1.91 (SD 0.71), and mean right FN BMD was 1.92 (SD 0.68). Results of the univariate analysis are described in Table 1 below.Table 1.Logistic regression analysis of patient parameters with unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios for fragility fracturePredictorUnadjusted odds ratio (95% CI)Odds ratio adjusted for age (95% CI)Odds ratio adjusted for age and gender (95% CI)Age at scan (years)0.99 (0.98-1.01)--Gender1.37 (0.66, 2.84)1.34 (0.64, 2.80)-BMD at left hip0.34 (0.03, 4.05)0.37 (0.03, 4.37)0.50 (0.03, 7.67)BMI1.07 (1.03, 1.10)1.07 (1.03, 1.10)1.07 (1.03, 1.10)Fat mass1.00 (1.00, 1.00)1.00 (1.00, 1.01)1.00 (1.00, 1.01)Parent fractured hip0.99 (0.57, 1.70)0.97 (0.56, 1.68)0.94 (0.54, 1.64)Alcohol (3 or more units/day)1.16 (0.47, 2.86)1.16 (0.47, 2.87)1.16 (0.47, 2.89)Current smoker1.40 (0.89, 2.21)1.40 (0.89, 2.21)1.42 (0.90, 2.23)Rheumatoid arthritis0.83 (0.32, 2.19)0.85 (0.32, 2.24)0.86 (0.34, 2.27)Steroid exposure0.53 (0.30, 0.96)0.53 (0.30, 0.96)0.54 (0.30, 0.98)Conclusion:Steroid exposure and body composition parameters influence fracture risk in this group pf patients with normal BMD, further work will be done looking at the types of fractures and other parameters in this group of patients.Disclosure of Interests:Christopher Saleh: None declared, Marwan Bukhari Speakers bureau: Bristol-Myers Squib, UCB celltech, Roche/Chugai, Pfizer, Abbvie, Merck, Mennarini, Sanofi-aventis, Eli-Lilly, Janssen, Amgen and Novartis., Syed Mujtaba Bilgrami Speakers bureau: Pfizer

A Lifestyle Modification Intervention for the Treatment of Osteoporosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine A. Pearson ◽  
Emily Burkhart ◽  
W. Bradley Pifalo ◽  
Tina Palaggo-Toy ◽  
Kelly Krohn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density

Purpose. The purpose of this evaluation was to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary educational and exercise program for individuals at risk for osteoporosis-related fractures. Methods. The Highmark Osteoporosis Prevention and Education (HOPE) program is an ongoing, 8-week program with two postintervention follow-up assessments at 6 months and 2 years. Adults (n = 375) with osteoporosis or significant risk factors, most already engaged in healthy behaviors, self-selected for participation. Baseline measures included bone mineral density scans; fitness assessments; and surveys of depression, exercise, and nutrition behaviors. At course end and 6-month follow-up, assessments were repeated for fitness measures, depression, and exercise and nutrition adherence. Two-year postprogram assessments included bone mineral density scans and adherence measures. Results. Paired t-tests showed significant improvements at course end in all measures (p < .0001) for the 87% completing the course. A repeated measure analysis of variance after 2 years with 79% retention indicated that adherence to nutrition recommendations was maintained at 2-year follow-up (p < .0001), whereas exercise adherence decreased but continued to exceed baseline measures (p < .0001). At 2 years, participants averaged two strength training sessions and 131 minutes aerobic exercise per week and consumed an average of 97% and 99% of the recommended calcium and vitamin D. Conclusions. Although findings of this nonexperimental study are limited because of lack of a control group, the HOPE program suggests that a comprehensive community-based education and behavior change program can significantly reduce risk factors for osteoporosis and related fractures. Participants maintained lifestyle modifications for a minimum of 2 years despite advancing age.

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