Clinical Outcome and Predictors of Intestinal Obstruction Surgery in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background. Despite the advancement in the healthcare system, the impact of surgical interventions on public health systems will continue to grow. But predicting the outcome is challenging. Concerns related to unexpected outcomes and delays in the diagnosis of postoperative complications are the major issue. Intestinal obstruction is a common life-threatening surgical condition followed by fatal and nonfatal postoperative complications. This study was aimed at assessing results after surgery for intestinal obstruction in a hospital of Ethiopia. Methodology. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 254 postoperative patients admitted with intestinal obstruction from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2017. Data were coded and entered into EpiData 4.2.0.0 software and exported to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22 for analysis. A binary logistic regression model was used for analysis. All variables with a p value < 0.25 during bivariable analysis were considered for multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results. The magnitude of poor surgical outcome of intestinal obstruction was 21.3% for patients enrolled into this investigation. The age group of ≥55 years ( adjusted odds ratio AOR = 2.9 , 95% CI: 1.03, 8.4), duration of illness of ≥24 hrs ( AOR = 3.1 , 95% CI: 1.03, 9.4), preoperative diagnosis of a gangrenous large bowel ( AOR = 3.6 , 95% CI: 1.3, 9.8), and a gangrenous small bowel ( AOR = 4.2 , 95% CI: 1.3, 13.7) were significantly associated with poor surgical outcome. Conclusions. The magnitude of poor surgical outcome was high. Age, late presentation of illness, and gangrenous bowel obstructions were significantly associated with poor outcomes. So, concern should be given in early detection and follow-up of patients who came late and older patients.

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A cross-sectional study on associations of physical symptoms, health self-efficacy and suicidal ideation among Chinese hospitalized cancer patients following diagnosis.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21297/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Qingyi Xu ◽

Shuhua Jia ◽

Maiko Fukasawa ◽

Lin Lin ◽

Jun Na ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Epidemiological studies have shown elevated suicide risk in cancer patients compare with the general population. This study was performed to examine the association between physical symptoms and suicidal ideation among Chinese hospitalized cancer patients and test the modifying effect of health self-efficacy on this association. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 544 cancer patients from oncology settings in two general hospitals in northeast China via face-to-face interviews. Suicidal ideation was measured by using four items from the Yale Evaluation of Suicidality scale, dichotomized into a positive and negative score. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to examine the impact of physical symptoms, health self-efficacy and their interactions on suicidal ideation.Results: We found a suicidal ideation rate of 26.3% in patients following cancer diagnosis. Logistic regression showed that insomnia (aOR=1.84, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.00, p =0.015), lack of appetite (aOR=2.14, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.64, p =0.005) were positively associated with suicidal ideation, low health self-efficacy showed a marginally significant exaggerating effect on the association between pain and suicidal ideation (aOR = 2.77, 95% CI 0.99 to 7.74, p =0.053), even after controlling for significant socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and depression. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the associations between insomnia、lack of appetite and suicidal ideation and highlight the potential moderating role of health self-efficacy in the identification and prevention of suicide among cancer patients.

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Knowledge towards standard precautions among healthcare providers of hospitals in Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2017: a cross sectional study

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-020-00509-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ayele Semachew Kasa ◽

Worku Animaw Temesgen ◽

Yinager Workineh ◽

Tadesse Dagget Tesfaye ◽

Sitotaw Kerie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Amhara Region ◽

Standard Precautions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background Literatures revealed that healthcare-associated infections are still a great concern in many developing countries including in Ethiopia. Despite the development of detailed guidelines for infection control, they remain as a critical challenge for the public health sectors and the knowledge of standard precautions among healthcare workers in many developing countries is low and not properly applied. Hence, the present study tried to determine the level of knowledge about standard precautions among healthcare workers of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomly selected public hospitals of Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia from March 01–April 01/2017. A multistage sampling strategy was utilized to select 795 sampled healthcare workers. Data were collected using pretested self-administered questionnaire. The collected data entered using EpiData Version 3.1 statistical software and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical package. After using binary logistic regression, multivariable logistic regression analysis used to form the model. Variables which had statistically significant association with the outcome variable (P < 0.05) were identified as significant in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results Almost half (49.2%) of the study participants were female healthcare workers. Three-fourth (74.3%) of the healthcare workers involved in the current study had good knowledge towards standard precautions. Good knowledge towards standard precautions refers to scoring correct responses to > 60% of knowledge items from the survey. Year of service (AOR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.44), educational status (AOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.56) were among the predictor variables. In addition, physicians were 6.97 times more likely to be knowledgeable (AOR: 6.97, 95% CI 2.42 to 20.12) than laboratory technician/technology counterparts. Study participants working in medical, Gyn/obs, pediatrics wards, and OPD were about 2.23, 4.27, 2.81 and 2.52 times more likely to be knowledgeable than study participants working in surgical ward. Conclusions Overall, the majority of healthcare workers had good knowledge of standard precautions. But variation in knowledge was detected across healthcare workers by hospital type and ward/units. This may help to design a solution by prioritizing the problem.

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Anaemia Prevalence and Contributory Factors among Children in Uttarakhand, India

Asian Journal of Medicine and Health ◽

10.9734/ajmah/2020/v18i230184 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 41-51

Author(s):

Shweta Suri ◽

Anuradha Dutta ◽

Rita Singh Raghuvanshi ◽

Anupama Singh ◽

C. S. Chopra

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

History Of

Background: In India, Anaemia among children is still one of the major nutritional problems of public health concern. Aim of the Study: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of anaemia among Anganwadi children (3-6 years of age) and to determine the important risk factors associated with anaemia. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted among 390 Anganwadi children of Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttarakhand, during April, 2019- August, 2019. Methodology: In this cross sectional study, data on socio-demographic, socioeconomic, hygiene and dietary practices were collected using a self-structured questionnaire. Hemoglobin (Hb) and anthropometric measurements were carried out. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Results: A majority, 70.54% of the Anganwadi children were found to be anaemic, with higher prevalence among male children (51.30%) as compared to female children (48.70%). The mean hemoglobin concentration of children was 9.91 (±1.9 g/dl). Stunting was higher among males (54.83%) as compared to females (45.17%).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that anaemia was significantly associated with monthly income of family AOR (95% CI) 3.25(2.49, 4.00), mother's illiteracy AOR (95% CI) 1.98 (1.49, 2.46), history of anaemia in mother AOR (95% CI) 1.60(0.67, 2.52 ), history of worms in child's stool AOR (95% CI) 3.17(2.26,4.03), barefoot walking AOR (95% CI) 3.08(2.11,4.04) and lack of habit of hand washing AOR (95% CI) 1.55(0.98, 2.11). Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia among children was high. Iron supplementation, nutrition education among mothers and overall personal hygiene are important to ameliorate their iron status.

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Effects of medication knowledge on medication adherence among hypertensive patients at Matero level one hospital, Lusaka city, Zambia: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20212916 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 893

Author(s):

Martin Kampamba ◽

Farhiyyah Abanur ◽

Christabel Nang’andu Hikaambo ◽

Steward Mudenda ◽

Kennedy Saini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Improve Medication Adherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medication Knowledge ◽

Hypertensive Patients

Background: Medication adherence is the mainstay to good treatment outcomes. Failure to adhere to medication in hypertensive patients may lead to considerable deterioration of the disease resulting in increased costs of healthcare and mortality. Knowledge about the name of the drug, indications and side effects may enhance medication adherence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess effects of medication knowledge on medication adherence among hypertensive patients.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that involved 120 hypertensive patients. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic characteristics. Adherence was assessed using the 8-item Morisky medication adherence scale while patient’s medication knowledge was assessed using a 7-item scale. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with medication adherence.Results: The mean age of participants was 59 years (SD±14.9) and 10 (8.3%), 42 (35%) and 68 (56.7%) had adequate, average and poor medication knowledge respectively. The prevalence of adherence in this study was 37.5%. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) (AOR: 0.38, CI: 0.16-0.90) was associated with lower likelihood of adhering to medication.Conclusions: The adherence level to treatment was low and medication knowledge of hypertensive patients was generally poor. Uncontrolled BP was associated with non-adherence. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension should be given health education and counselling regarding their condition to improve medication adherence.

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Prevalence and determinants of asphyxia neonatorum among live births at Debre Tabor General Hospital, North Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v21i1.49 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 385-96

Author(s):

Wubet Alebachew Bayih ◽

Tadesse Gashaw Tezera ◽

Abebaw Yeshambel Alemu ◽

Demeke Mesfin Belay ◽

Habtamu Shimelis Hailemeskel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Birth Asphyxia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Public Health Importance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asphyxia Neonatorum ◽

Debre Tabor

Background: More than one third of the neonatal deaths at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Debre Tabor General Hos- pital (DTGH) are attributable to birth asphyxia. Most of these neonates are referred from maternity ward of the hospital. However, there is no recent evidence on the prevalence and specific determinants of birth asphyxia at DTGH. Besides, public health importance of factors like birth spacing weren’t addressed in the prior studies. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 240 newborns at delivery ward. The collected data were cleaned, coded and entered into Epi -data version 4.2 and exported to Stata version 14. Binary logistic regression model was considered and statistical significance was declared at P< 0.05 using adjusted odds ratio. Results: The prevalence of asphyxia neonatorum was 6.7 % based on the fifth minute APGAR score. From multi-variable logistic regression analysis, antenatal obstetric complications (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI: 3.75, 14.29), fetal malpresentation (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.21, 15.20), premature rupture of fetal membranes (AOR = 6.56, 95% CI: 3.48, 18.12) and meconium stained amniotic fluid (AOR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.76, 14.59) were significant predictors. Conclusion: The prevalence of fifth minute asphyxia neonatorum was relatively low. Fortunately, its predictors are modifi- able. Thus, we can mitigate the problem even with our limited resources such as enhancing the existing efforts of antenatal and intra-partum care, which could help early detection and management of any obstetric and neonatal health abnormality.” Keywords: Birth asphyxia; asphyxia neonatorum; prevalence; determinants; Ethiopia.

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Nearly one-in-five mothers avoid colostrum in North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2021.97 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Misgan Legesse Liben ◽

Nigus Bililign Yimer ◽

Fentaw Wassie Feleke

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Child Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Timely Initiation ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

North Wollo

Abstract Colostrum contains antibodies that protect the newborn against disease. Despite this fact, many Ethiopian mothers see colostrum feeding as a cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. These mothers believe that colostrum must discard to alleviate this effect. However, the cause of this misconception about colostrum was not well researched, particularly in this study area. The main aim of the present study was to assess colostrum avoidance and associated factors among mothers having children aged 6–59 months in North Wollo Zone, Northeastern Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study design was used. Descriptive statistics, binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used for the statistical analysis. The prevalence of colostrum avoidance was 19 % (95 % CI 15⋅03, 22⋅89 %) among mother–child pair aged 6–59 months. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the most important predictors were breast-feeding initiation Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 6⋅369; 95 %, Confidence Interval (CI) (3⋅067, 13⋅224), pre-lacteal feeding AOR 3⋅464; 95 % CI (1⋅721, 6⋅973), shared household decision about child feeding AOR 3⋅585; 95 % CI (1⋅563, 7⋅226), Index child sex AOR 2⋅103; 95 % CI (1⋅015, 4⋅358) and health facility delivery AOR 3⋅033; 95 % CI (1⋅293, 7⋅117). The colostrum avoidance in the present study was 19 %. The study recommends the promotion of institutional delivery, timely initiation of breast-feeding, the shared household decisions about child feeding, avoiding sex preferences and stopping pre-lacteal feeding were critically important.

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Impact of Family Separation on Subjective Time Pressure and Mental Health in Refugees from the Middle East and Africa Resettled in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182111722 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (21) ◽

pp. 11722

Author(s):

Matthias Belau ◽

Heiko Becher ◽

Alexander Kraemer

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Middle East ◽

Time Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Subjective Time ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Family Separation ◽

The Impact

Little is known about social determinants among refugees resettled in Germany. This study aims to examine the impact of family separation on refugees’ subjective time pressure and mental health. Data come from the FlueGe Health Study (n = 208), a cross-sectional study administered by Bielefeld University. We used logistic regression analysis to investigate the effect of family separation on (i) being time-stressed and (ii) having a high risk for adverse mental health, considering sociodemographic and postmigration factors. As a result, more than 30% of participants with a spouse or partner and about 18% with a child or children reported separation. Multiple logistic regression showed that family separation was not associated with being time-stressed, but separation from at least one child was associated with adverse mental health (OR = 3.53, 95% CI = [1.23, 10.11]). In conclusion, family separation primarily contributes to adverse mental health among refugees from the Middle East and Africa resettled in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Therefore, policies and practices that facilitate family reunification can contribute significantly to the promotion of refugees’ mental health and well-being.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sleep Quality among Adults in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Sleep Disorders ◽

10.1155/2018/8342328 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hiwot Berhanu ◽

Andualem Mossie ◽

Samuel Tadesse ◽

Daniel Geleta

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Khat Chewing

Background. An estimated 150 million people worldwide and nearly 17% of the populations in the developing nations are currently suffering from sleep problems. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of sleep quality among adults in Ethiopia.Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 randomly selected adults using validated and pretested Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Data were entered into EpiData and analyzed using SPSS version 20 considering bivariable (Pvalue < 0.25) and multivariable(P<0.05)logistic regression procedures at 95% confidence interval.Result. The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI score > 5) was 65.4% with higher proportion among males (79 (63.0%)) and age group of 40–49 years (174 (28.6%)). A multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that age category of 40–49 years (AOR = 2 [95% CI (1.1, 3.6)])(P=0.03), monthly income ≤ 1000 ETB (AOR = 2.2 [95% CI (14, 3.5)])(P=0.01), current khat chewing (AOR = 1.8 [95% CI (1.1, 3.1)])(P=0.03), daily khat chewing (AOR = 3.4 [95% CI (1.2, 11.1)])(P=0.04), and obesity (AOR = 1.2 [95% CI (1.3, 2.5)])(P=0.03)were identified as risk factors of poor sleep quality.Conclusion. The current study is informative for government to work on poverty reduction, create awareness for weight reduction, and develop legislation for khat control to prevent poor sleep quality.

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Prevalence and factors associated with postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic among women in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-27560/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Peiqin Liang ◽

Yiding Wang ◽

Si Shi ◽

Yan Liu ◽

Ribo Xiong

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Population ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a public health emergency of international concern. To date, there are limited studies that have investigated the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among female population. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) and it’s related factors among women in Guangzhou, China, during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from 30th March 2020 to 13th April 2020 using anonymous online questionnaire among 864 women at 6-12 weeks postpartum. The Chinese version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and a questionnaire regarding associated factors were administered to all participants. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors that were significantly associated with PPD.Results: The prevalence of PPD among women at 6-12 weeks postpartum was 30.0%. A multivariate logistic regression model identified significant factors as: immigrant women, persistent fever, poor social support, concerns about contracting COVID-19 and certain precautionary measures.Conclusions: The findings suggest the need for policies and interventions to not only mitigate the psychological impacts but also targeting disadvantaged sub-groups of women following childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Neck Pain Among College Students: a Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-701878/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amira Daher ◽

Ofra Halperin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

College Students ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Related Stress ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Neck pain (NP), one of the most reported musculoskeletal disorders, is a major cause of illness and absence from university lessons among students. The COVID-19 pandemic affected higher education institutions worldwide. Academic studies shifted to online-learning, changing students’ habits and lifestyle. Data demonstrated that the pandemic and consequent lockdowns can affect people’s physical and mental well-being. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on the prevalence of and risk factors of NP among college students compared to the pre-epidemic period. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the form of an online questionnaire survey that included sociodemographic data, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). NP was reported at four time points—lifetime, last year, last six months, and current—on a scale ranging from never/seldom to almost every day. Logistic regression models were calculated for all study variables and compared to the (NDI) cut-off score of 15. Results: A total of 295 college students were recruited. Among them, 35.6% reported at least moderate neck-related disability (NDI≥15) and significantly more NP than before the lockdown. NP increased gradually and significantly (on a scale 1-4), from a lifetime mean of 1.80 to a mean of 2.57 last year to 2.73 during the past six months to the current mean of 3.07 (p< .001). Participants’ scores on the PSS were moderate, with 59.3% reporting a high level of study-related stress. Logistic regression models revealed that sitting more than three hours a day, high study-related stress and higher PSS and VAS scores were associated with higher risk of at least a moderate level of neck-related disability (R2=.513, p< .001). Conclusions: The transition from on-campus studies to online learning had negative effects on students. It significantly increased study-related stress and the development of NP. Identifying risk factors at an early stage may prevent NP from becoming chronic and affecting students’ future careers, thereby improving students’ quality of life.

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