scholarly journals Determinants of Home Delivery among Mothers in Abobo District, Gambella Region, Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Asmelash Abera Mitiku ◽  
Abraham Lomboro Dimore ◽  
Solomon Berhanu Mogas
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Care Visit ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Control Study

Introduction. Home delivery is one of the major reasons for high maternal mortality ratio in sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia together contribute over 85% of maternal deaths, of which, only half of deliveries are institutional. However, data are scarce on the availability of information with regard to the determinant factors for this high prevalence of home delivery in the study area. Objective. This study is aimed at determining factors associated with home delivery, among mothers in Abobo Woreda, Gambella region, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. A case control study conducted from 12 March 2019 up to 2 April 2019 on 88 cases and 176 controls. Cases include mothers who gave birth at home and those mothers who gave birth at health facility in the last one year preceding the study included as controls. Data entry was made using Epi-Data version 3.1, and analysis was made using SPSS version 20. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess candidate variables and subsequently a multivariable regression to determine the statistical associations. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to determine strength of association, and p value <0.05 was used to establish significant associations. Results. No formal education (AOR: 5.07; 95% CI: 2.18-11.50), poor knowledge on obstetric complications (AOR: 3.83; 95% CI: 1.98-7.40), negative attitude towards delivery service (AOR: 3.25; 95% CI: 1.70-6.19), poor household wealth index (AOR: 4.55; 95% CI: 2.01-10.31), and no antenatal care visit (AOR: 3.29; 95% CI: 1.63-6.63) were found to be significantly associated with home delivery. Conclusions. The findings do support that no formal education, poor knowledge on obstetric complications, negative attitude towards delivery service, poor household wealth index, and no antenatal care visit showed a significant association with home delivery.

scholarly journals Inflammatory bowel disease in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol of a prospective registry with a nested case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e039456
Author(s):  
Leolin Katsidzira ◽  
Wisdom F Mudombi ◽  
Rudo Makunike-Mutasa ◽  
Bahtiyar Yilmaz ◽  
Annika Blank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

IntroductionThe epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in sub-Saharan Africa is poorly documented. We have started a registry to determine the burden, phenotype, risk factors, disease course and outcomes of IBD in Zimbabwe.Methods and analysisA prospective observational registry with a nested case–control study has been established at a tertiary hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe. The registry is recruiting confirmed IBD cases from the hospital, and other facilities throughout Zimbabwe. Demographic and clinical data are obtained at baseline, 6 months and annually. Two age and sex-matched non-IBD controls per case are recruited—a sibling or second-degree relative, and a randomly selected individual from the same neighbourhood. Cases and controls are interviewed for potential risk factors of IBD, and dietary intake using a food frequency questionnaire. Stool is collected for 16S rRNA-based microbiota profiling, and along with germline DNA from peripheral blood, is being biobanked. The estimated sample size is 86 cases and 172 controls, and the overall registry is anticipated to run for at least 5 years. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe the demographic and phenotypic characteristics of IBD, and incidence and prevalence will be estimated for Harare. Risk factors for IBD will be analysed using conditional logistic regression. For microbial analysis, alpha diversity and beta diversity will be compared between cases and controls, and between IBD phenotypes. Mann-Whitney U tests for alpha diversity and Adonis (Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance) for beta diversity will be computed.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Parirenyatwa Hospital’s and University of Zimbabwe’s research ethics committee and the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe. Findings will be discussed with patients, and the Zimbabwean Ministry of Health. Results will be presented at scientific meetings, published in peer reviewed journals, and on social media.Trial registration numberNCT04178408.

Determinants of Home Delivery in the Central Zone of Tigrai, North Ethiopia: Evidence from Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurehman Kalu Tololu ◽  
Mulugeta Gebregiorgis Massa ◽  
Mirkuzie Woldie Kerie ◽  
Kebede Haile Misgina ◽  
Haileselasie Berhane Alema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
Place Of Delivery ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Place of delivery is critical factor which affects the health of the mother and newborn. Delivery and early post-partum period remains the most important intervention in reducing maternal mortality and obstetric complications. This study aims to investigate the determinant factors of home delivery in North Ethiopia.Methods: A case control study was conducted from August 2017 to Feb 2018. A total of 324 mothers who delivered and visit public health facilities for postnatal care were included in the study. Mothers who delivered at home (cases=108) and health institutions (controls = 216) were selected by systematic sampling technique. Data were coded and entered using Epi-data 3.1 and exported to SPSS Version 21 for analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify the predictors at p-value 0.05.Result: The mean age of cases and controls was 28.75(SD= ±3.5) and 25.53(SD= ±4.98) years respectively. The likelihood risk of home delivery was greater among mothers with no formal education (AOR=7.9, 95%CI: 1.49–42.05), no experience of institutional delivery (AOR=9.1, 95%CI: 1.58–52.21), unplanned pregnancy (AOR=8.4, 95%CI: 2.00-35.46), poor knowledge about obstetric complications (AOR=5.98, 95% CI: 1.20-29.77), and lack of joint decision on place of delivery (AOR=7.1, 95%CI: 1.34-37.61).Conclusions: Mothers with no formal education, lack of experience of facility delivery, unplanned pregnancy, absence of obstetric complications, poor knowledge on obstetric complications, and absence of joint decision were predictors of home delivery. Health professionals should take the opportunity of antenatal care to create awareness regarding to place of delivery to tackle the problems.

scholarly journals Rubella in Sub-Saharan Africa and sensorineural hearing loss: a case control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Caroça ◽  
Vera Vicente ◽  
Paula Campelo ◽  
Maria Chasqueira ◽  
Helena Caria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Analysis of Non-Marital Fertility in Nigeria and Implications for Intervention and Future Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Oluwatobi Abel Alawode
Keyword(s):  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Using Data

Fertility and marriage are inextricably linked in sub-Saharan Africa, but recent changes, such as the rise in non-marital fertility, signals a weakening link, and the second demographic transition offers some explanations. Non-marital fertility comes with disadvantages, but it has not been adequately studied in Nigeria. Hence, this study examined the levels, patterns, and correlates of non-marital fertility, and offers implications for interventions and future research. Using data from the Nigeria Demographic and Survey 2008–2018, with a pooled weighted sample size of 11,925 unmarried women, percentage distribution was employed and a two-part model for count data was fitted, with the result showing that the level of non-marital fertility is 29%, and it is common among younger, rural dwelling, and uneducated unmarried women. The correlates of non-marital fertility include age, region of residence, level of education, religion, household wealth index, relationship status, ethnicity, work status, and age at sexual debut. Interventions to arrest rise of non-martial fertility due to its obvious disadvantages, should strengthen sexual and reproductive health programs for unmarried rural-dwelling young women, and revitalize welfare efforts for children born outside wedlock, for poor women, while future research should explore an in-depth understanding of non-marital births.

scholarly journals Sachet water consumption as a risk factor for cholera in urban settings: Findings from a case control study in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo during the 2017–2018 outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0009477
Author(s):  
Placide Mbala-Kingebeni ◽  
Florian Vogt ◽  
Berthe Miwanda ◽  
Tresor Sundika ◽  
Nancy Mbula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
P Value ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Control Study

Background Behavioural risk factors for cholera are well established in rural and semi-urban contexts, but not in densely populated mega-cities in Sub-Saharan Africa. In November 2017, a cholera epidemic occurred in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where no outbreak had been recorded for nearly a decade. During this outbreak, we investigated context-specific risk factors for cholera in an urban setting among a population that is not frequently exposed to cholera. Methodology/Principal findings We recruited 390 participants from three affected health zones of Kinshasa into a 1:1 matched case control study. Cases were identified from cholera treatment centre admission records, while controls were recruited from the vicinity of the cases’ place of residence. We used standardized case report forms for the collection of socio-demographic and behavioural risk factors. We used augmented backward elimination in a conditional logistic regression model to identify risk factors. The consumption of sachet water was strongly associated with the risk of being a cholera case (p-value 0.019), which increased with increasing frequency of consumption from rarely (OR 2.2, 95% CI 0.9–5.2) to often (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.6–9.9) to very often (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.0–16.7). Overall, more than 80% of all participants reported consumption of this type of drinking water. The risk factors funeral attendance and contact with someone suffering from diarrhoea showed a p-value of 0.09 and 0.08, respectively. No socio-demographic characteristics were associated with the risk of cholera. Conclusions/Significance Drinking water consumption from sachets, which are sold informally on the streets in most Sub-Saharan African cities, are an overlooked route of infection in urban cholera outbreaks. Outbreak response measures need to acknowledge context-specific risk factors to remain a valuable tool in the efforts to achieve national and regional targets to reduce the burden of cholera in Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals POLYGYNY AND WOMEN'S HEALTH IN RURAL MALI

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. BOVE ◽  
EMILY VALA-HAYNES ◽  
CLAUDIA VALEGGIA
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

SummaryWomen's social networks and social power are increasingly seen as important factors modulating their health in sub-Saharan Africa. Polygyny, a common marital structure in many societies, mediates important intra-household relationships by requiring both competition and co-operation among co-wives. Using mixed methods, semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 298 women aged 15–84 living in the Kolondiéba region of rural Mali in 1999, and supplemented by detailed interviews with 40 women. Three categories of outcome were explored: illness experience, therapeutic itinerary and social support received. Quantitative data were analysed using regression analysis and qualitative data using a grounded theory approach. In quantitative analyses, controlling for age and household wealth index, senior wives were less likely to be escorted to a healer by their husbands during illness than were junior wives or monogamous women. Polygynous women were also less likely to obtain a treatment for which there was a monetary fee. Fewer than one-third of polygynous women reported the assistance of a co-wife during illness in any given task. In qualitative analyses, women further related varied mechanisms through which polygyny impacted their health trajectories. These ranged from strongly supportive relationships, to jealousy because of unequal health or fertility, bias in emotional and material support provided by husbands, and accusations of wrong-doing and witchcraft. This study highlights the need for more prospective mixed methods analyses to further clarify the impact of polygyny on women's health-related experiences and behaviours in sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Determinants of Maternal Death in a Pastoralist Area of Borena Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarso Sara ◽  
Yusuf Haji ◽  
Achamyelesh Gebretsadik
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Control Study

Background. Globally, more than 830 maternal deaths happen daily, and nearly, all of these occur in developing countries. Similarly, in Ethiopia, maternal mortality is still very high. Studies done in pastoralist women are almost few. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the determinant factors of maternal death in the pastoralist area of Borena zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Methods. Community-based unmatched case-control study was conducted on 236 mothers (59 maternal deaths (cases) and 177 controls). The sample included pregnant women aged 15–49 years from September 2014 to March 2017. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from Maternal Death Surveillance and Response Technical Guideline, entered into the EpiData, exported into SPSS for analyses. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed to determine contributing factors of maternal death and control potential confounding variables. Results. About 51 (86%) of all maternal deaths were due to direct obstetric causes. Of this, hemorrhage (45%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (23%), and obstructed labor (18%) were the leading direct causes of maternal deaths. Husbands who had no formal education were 5 times higher compared with their counterparts (AOR = 5.1, 95% CI: 1.6–16). Mothers who were not attending ANC were 5 times more at risk for death than those who attend (AOR 5.3, 95% CI 2.3–12.1). Mothers who gave birth at home/on transit were twice to die compared to health facility delivery (AOR 2.6, 95% CI 2.4–6) that were contributing factors of maternal deaths. Conclusions. Husband’s level of education, lack of antenatal care, and home delivery were the factors contributing to maternal deaths in the zone. Frequent and tailored antenatal care, skilled delivery, and access to education also need due attention.

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