scholarly journals Vitamin D Decreases Plasma Trimethylamine-N-oxide Level in Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Xueqi Li ◽  
Yumei Dong
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

As a metabolite generated by gut microbiota, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been proven to promote atherosclerosis and is a novel potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to examine whether regulating gut microbiota by vitamin D supplementation could reduce the plasma TMAO level in mice. For 16 weeks, C57BL/6J mice were fed a chow (C) or high-choline diet (HC) without or with supplementation of vitamin D3 (CD3 and HCD3) or a high-choline diet with vitamin D3 supplementation and antibiotics (HCD3A). The results indicate that the HC group exhibited higher plasma trimethylamine (TMA) and TMAO levels, lower richness of gut microbiota, and significantly increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes as compared with group C. Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced plasma TMA and TMAO levels in mice fed a high-choline diet. Furthermore, gut microbiota composition was regulated, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was reduced by vitamin D. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that Bacteroides and Akkermansia were negatively correlated with plasma TMAO in the HC and HCD3 groups. Our study provides a novel avenue for the prevention and treatment of CVD with vitamin D.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation in Exclusively Breastfed Infants Is Associated with Alterations in the Fecal Microbiome

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Tengfei Ma ◽  
Sihan Bu ◽  
Nigel Paneth ◽  
Jean M. Kerver ◽  
Sarah S. Comstock
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Breastfeeding and introduction of solid food are the two major components of infant feeding practices that influence gut microbiota composition in early infancy. However, it is unclear whether additional factors influence the microbiota of infants either exclusively breastfed or not breastfed. We obtained 194 fecal samples from infants at 3–9 months of age, extracted DNA, and sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Feeding practices and clinical information were collected by questionnaire and abstraction of birth certificates. The gut microbiota of infants who were exclusively breastfed displayed significantly lower Shannon diversity (p-adjust < 0.001) and different gut microbiota composition compared to infants who were not breastfed (p-value = 0.001). Among the exclusively breastfed infants, recipients of vitamin D supplements displayed significantly lower Shannon diversity (p-adjust = 0.007), and different gut microbiota composition structure than non-supplemented, breastfed infants (p-value = 0.02). MaAslin analysis identified microbial taxa that associated with breastfeeding and vitamin D supplementation. Breastfeeding and infant vitamin D supplement intake play an important role in shaping infant gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Epigenetic Aging in Overweight and Obese African Americans With Suboptimal Vitamin D Status: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Yanbin Dong ◽  
Jigar Bhagatwala ◽  
Anas Raed ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Epigenetic Aging ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Abstract Background We have previously shown that vitamin D supplementation increases telomerase activity, suggesting an anti-aging effect. In this study, we aim to test the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation would slow down epigenetic aging, a new marker of biological aging. Methods A randomized clinical trial was previously conducted among 70 overweight/obese African Americans with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] < 50 nmol/L, who were randomly assigned into four groups of 600 IU/d, 2,000 IU/d, 4,000 IU/d of vitamin D3 supplements or placebo followed by 16-week interventions. Whole genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was conducted in 51 participants. DNA methylation ages were calculated according to the Horvath and the Hannum methods. Methylation-based age acceleration index (∆Age) is defined as the difference between DNA methylation age and chronological age in years. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the treatment effects. Results Fifty-one participants (aged 26.1 ± 9.3 years, 16% are male) were included in the study. After the adjustment of multi-covariates, vitamin D3 supplementation of 4,000 IU/d was associated with 1.85 years decrease in Horvath epigenetic aging compared with placebo (p value = .046), and 2,000 IU/d was associated with 1.90 years decrease in Hannum epigenetic aging (p value = .044). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly associated with decreased Horvath ∆Age only (p values = .002), regardless of treatments. Conclusions Our results suggest that vitamin D supplementation may slow down Horvath epigenetic aging. But the effect on Hannum epigenetic aging is not conclusive. Large-scale and longer duration clinical trials are needed to replicate the findings.

Serum Vitamin D: Correlates of Baseline Concentration and Response to Supplementation in VITAL-DKD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora M Best ◽  
Leila R Zelnick ◽  
Kenneth E Thummel ◽  
Simon Hsu ◽  
Christine Limonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Abstract Context The effect of daily vitamin D supplementation on the serum concentration of vitamin D (the parent compound) may offer insight into vitamin D disposition. Objective To assess the total serum vitamin D response to vitamin D3 supplementation and whether it varies according to participant characteristics. To compare results with corresponding results for total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), which is used clinically and measured in supplementation trials. Design Exploratory study within a randomized trial. Intervention 2,000 International Units of vitamin D3 per day (or matching placebo). Setting Community-based. Participants 161 adults (mean ± SD age 70 ± 6 years; 66% males) with type 2 diabetes. Main Outcome Measures Changes in total serum vitamin D and total serum 25(OH)D concentrations from baseline to year 2. Results At baseline, there was a positive, nonlinear relation between total serum vitamin D and total serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Adjusted effects of supplementation were a 29.2 (95% CI: 24.3, 34.1) nmol/L increase in serum vitamin D and a 33.4 (95% CI: 27.7, 39.2) nmol/L increase in serum 25(OH)D. Among those with baseline 25(OH)D &lt; 50 compared with ≥ 50 nmol/L, the serum vitamin D response to supplementation was attenuated (15.7 vs 31.2 nmol/L; interaction p-value = 0.02), whereas the serum 25(OH)D response was augmented (47.9 vs 30.7 nmol/L; interaction p-value = 0.05). Conclusions Vitamin D3 supplementation increases total serum vitamin D and 25(OH)D concentrations with variation according to baseline 25(OH)D, which suggests that 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D3 is more efficient when serum 25(OH)D concentration is low.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Body Composition and Physical Fitness in Healthy Adults: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Sun ◽  
Kumpei Tanisawa ◽  
Yuping Zhang ◽  
Tomoko Ito ◽  
Satomi Oshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Introduction: This study aimed to clarify whether 1 year of vitamin D3 supplementation has a direct effect on body composition and physical fitness in healthy adults. Methods: Ninety-five participants randomly received either 420 IU vitamin D3 per day (n = 48) or placebo (n = 47) in a double-blind manner for 1 year. Lean body mass and percentage body fat were determined. Physical fitness including hand grip strength, leg extension power and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were assessed. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) concentrations were assessed using ELISA kits. Results: Serum 25(OH)D and (1,25[OH]2D) concentrations significantly increased by approximately 11.2 ± 9.2 ng/mL (pinteraction <0.001)and 7.0 ± 7.8 pg/mL (pinteraction <0.001) after 1 year of vitamin D3 supplementation respectively. Lean body mass significantly increased from 43.8 ± 9.6 to 44.3 ± 9.8 kg in vitamin D group, while no change was observed in placebo group (from 42.6 ± 8.9 to 42.4± 8.9 kg) after 1 year intervention. Furthermore, no treatment effects on other indicators of body composition and physical fitness were observed. Conclusions:One year of vitamin D supplementation effectively improves lean body mass, but not muscle strength and CRF in healthy adults.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiota Affects Host Pathophysiology as an Endocrine Organ: A Focus on Cardiovascular Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Busnelli ◽  
Stefano Manzini ◽  
Giulia Chiesa
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Human Host ◽  
Host Physiology ◽  
Gut Microorganisms ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

It is widely recognized that the microorganisms inhabiting our gastrointestinal tract—the gut microbiota—deeply affect the pathophysiology of the host. Gut microbiota composition is mostly modulated by diet, and gut microorganisms communicate with the different organs and tissues of the human host by synthesizing hormones and regulating their release. Herein, we will provide an updated review on the most important classes of gut microbiota-derived hormones and their sensing by host receptors, critically discussing their impact on host physiology. Additionally, the debated interplay between microbial hormones and the development of cardiovascular disease will be thoroughly analysed and discussed.

scholarly journals The efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in increasing 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in childhood vitiligo patients receiving 308-nm-excimer light phototherapy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiva Farah Dwiyana ◽  
Pramita K.C. Nugrahaini ◽  
D.P. Larasati ◽  
Inne Arline Diana ◽  
Reti Hindritiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Group I ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Vitamin D deficiency is a condition often found in various autoimmune diseases, including vitiligo. There were clinical improvements in autoimmune patients who had been given oral vitamin D supplementation, as well as vitiligo patients. This study aimed to analyze the comparison effect of a combination therapy of 308-nmexcimer light phototherapy and vitamin D3 supplementation toward 308-nm-excimer light phototherapy alone to increase of serum 25-(OH)D levels in childhood vitiligo patients. Subjects consisted of 16 childhood vitiligo patients that divided into two groups; group I was given a combination of 308-nm-excimer light phototherapy and 5000 IU of vitamin D3 supplement once daily, while group II was given monotherapy of excimer light. There were highly significant increase of 25-(OH)D serum in both groups which were 324.00±119.066% and 29.84±36.106%, respectively. The very significant result was seen in a comparison of average increased of serum 25-(OH)D levels between both groups. The study concluded that combination of 308-nm-excimer light phototherapy and vitamin D3 supplementation gave a better effect than phototherapy only to increase of serum 25- (OH)D levels in childhood vitiligo patients.

scholarly journals Effects of Genetic and Nongenetic Factors on Total and Bioavailable 25(OH)D Responses to Vitamin D Supplementation

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pang Yao ◽  
Liang Sun ◽  
Ling Lu ◽  
Hong Ding ◽  
Xiafei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
Double Blinded

Abstract Context: Little is known about how genetic and nongenetic factors modify responses of vitamin D supplementation in nonwhite populations. Objective: To investigate factors modifying 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and bioavailable 25(OH)D [25(OH)DBio] responses after vitamin D3 supplementation. Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: In this 20-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 448 Chinese with vitamin D deficiency received 2000 IU/d vitamin D3 or placebo. Main Outcome Measures: Serum 25(OH)D, vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium were measured, and 25(OH)DBio was calculated based on VDBP levels. Six common polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism genes were genotyped. Results: Between-arm net changes were +30.6 ± 1.7 nmol/L for 25(OH)D, +2.7 ± 0.2 nmol/L for 25(OH)DBio, and −5.2 ± 1.2 pg/mL for PTH, corresponding to 70% [95% confidence interval (CI), 62.8% to 77.2%] net reversion rate for vitamin D deficiency at week 20 (P &lt; 0.001). Only 25(OH)DBio change was positively associated with calcium change (P &lt; 0.001). Genetic factors (GC-rs4588/GC-rs7041, VDR-rs2228570, and CYP2R1-rs10741657; P ≤ 0.04) showed stronger influences on 25(OH)D or 25(OH)DBio responses than nongenetic factors, including baseline value, body mass index, and sex. An inverse association of PTH-25(OH)D was demonstrated only at 25(OH)D of &lt;50.8 (95% CI, 43.6 to 59.0) nmol/L. Conclusions: Supplemented 2000 IU/d vitamin D3 raised 25(OH)D and 25(OH)DBio but was unable to correct deficiency in 25% of Chinese participants, which might be partially attributed to the effect of genetic modification. More studies are needed to elucidate appropriate vitamin D recommendations for Asians and the potential clinical implications of 25(OH)DBio.

scholarly journals Vitamin D3 reduces hippocampal NR2A and anxiety in nicotine withdrawal mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-281
Author(s):  
Bingxue Wu ◽  
Xinrong Tao ◽  
Chuanlin Liu ◽  
Huaixu Li ◽  
Tao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Nicotine Withdrawal ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
High Level

Abstract Nicotine withdrawal symptoms, mainly anxiety, cause high level of relapse rate after quitting smoking. Vitamin D supplementation has shown its potential for the prevention and treatment of anxiety disorders; however, neurobiological studies about the effect of vitamin D on nicotine withdrawal-induced anxiety are limited. To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of vitamin D3 supplement by dietary on anxiety-like behavior during nicotine withdrawal, male C57/BL6 mice were divided into four groups: vehicle, nicotine only, vitamin D3 only, and nicotine plus vitamin D3. Mice were administrated with nicotine in drinking water (200 µg/mL), and vitamin D3 in feed for 6 weeks. During nicotine withdrawal, vitamin D3-treated mice showed significantly less anxiety-like behavior by an open-field test and marble buried test that performed an increase in the duration of the central zone and a decrease buried marble, respectively. Moreover, vitamin D3 supplementation attenuated the hippocampal NR2A expression on both protein and mRNA levels in nicotine and vitamin D3-treated mice. Our data showed that dietary supplementation with vitamin D3 ameliorated nicotine withdrawal-induced anxiety, which may be related to downregulation of NR2A expression in hippocampus. Vitamin D3 may provide a new dietary intervention with the easy access for smoking cessation.

scholarly journals Effects of vitamin D supplementation on depression in patients with colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JianWen Duan ◽  
YongSheng Chen ◽  
WenFei Wu ◽  
Cong Xiong ◽  
ZuLiang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D 3

Abstract Background: The relation and possible mechnism of vitamin D supplementation on depression in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients was not clearly ; Objective: This study investigates the effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods : We recruited 168 CRC patients and 168 healthy control subjects into this study. 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) was used to assess depression. Results: We found that 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were independently associated with depression among CRC patients. For the 45 depressed patients receiving vitamin D3 supplementation, depression scores decreased markedly with 25(OH)D concentrations increasing to normal. Conclusion: Therefore, we advise monitoring this indicator in CRC patients and supplementing with vitamin D 3 when their 25(OH)D concentrations are low.

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