scholarly journals Syntactic Configuration of Code-Switching between Indonesian and English: Another Perspective on Code-Switching Phenomena

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Harlinah Sahib ◽  
Waode Hanafiah ◽  
Muhammad Aswad ◽  
Abdul Hakim Yassi ◽  
Farzad Mashhadi
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Natural Speech ◽  
Minor Constituents ◽  
The People ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Friedman's Test ◽  
Switching Type ◽  
Frequent Switching ◽  
English Noun

Code-switching, an alternation or mixing one language with another, has been an unmarked phenomenon for a multilingual society. In Indonesia, this phenomenon nowadays lives and thrives among the people. This study discusses the syntactic configuration of code-switching between Indonesian and English in terms of switched segments, points, and changing types. The study is descriptive qualitative in nature. The data comprise 25 recording hours of natural speech produced by 119 Indonesians in 4 types of interaction: seminars, meetings, TV dialogues, and chitchats conducted in six metropolitan cities—Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, and Makassar. The sample drawn purposively comprises 550 switching discourses consisting of 666 switching corpora. It is found that nouns serving as subjects, predicators, objects of verbs, and prepositions to be the most dominant switched segments. A switch between Indonesian noun phrases and English noun phrases, Indonesian verbs or prepositions, and English objective noun phrases, Indonesian conjunctions, and English conjoined noun phrases or clauses is the most popular switched points, and intercausal switching including intraporal and interlexical switching is the most frequent switching type of code-switching between Indonesian and English. ANOVA Friedman’s test confirms that these patterns are the same among the four types of discourses, implying that such a syntactic configuration of Indonesia-English code-switching is universally applicable to any situation and type of interaction. In conclusion, the domination of nouns indicates that the syntactic configuration of Indonesian-English code-switching mainly occurs at minor constituents such as within a clause, phrase, and word boundaries. This demonstrates that code-switching between Indonesian and English is more likely to occur intrasentential rather than intersentential, which is the most popular anywhere in literature.

scholarly journals Recognizing Code Switching and Code Mixing in Talk Show Catatan Najwa with Maudy Ayunda on Youtube

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Paramita Kusumawardhani ◽  
Sulhizah Wulan Sari
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Talk Show ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The People ◽  
Switching Type ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Method

People capable of speaking and writing two languages well are called bilingual. In contrast, the people who use two words or even in a sentence without paraphrase mean code-mixing. The purpose of this study is to know the types of code-switching and code-mixing. Code-switching and code-mixing are parts of sociolinguistics. Sociolinguistics studies an analysis of language. The linguistic factors are related to the factors beyond the language, such as language use done by its speakers in a particular speech community. Code-switching and code-mixing usually happened when talking to someone. The source of the research was the talk show Catatan Najwa with Maudy Ayunda on Najwa Shihab’s Channel Youtube. In this talk show, there was a guest star called Maudy Ayunda. She has just recently graduated from Oxford University and had a conversation with Najwa Shihab. The conversation happened on Najwa Shibah’s Youtube Channel. In this conversation, they used two languages that are Indonesian and English. This research used the qualitative descriptive method. To complete the data, The researcher also conducted library research. This study focused on video Najwa Shihab’s Channel Youtube. The research results are Inter-Sentential with 9 data as the code-switching type and Insertion with 7 data as the code-mixing type.

Functional and sociocultural attitudes of code-switching and its relation to the meaning-making process: The case of dubbing Kim Possible into Arabic

2021 ◽  
pp. 136700692110194
Author(s):  
Rashid Yahiaoui ◽  
Marwa J Aldous ◽  
Ashraf Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Sociocultural Attitudes ◽  
Switching Patterns ◽  
Switching Functions ◽  
Switching Type ◽  
Lebanese Arabic ◽  
Research Questions

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: The aim of this study is to investigate the sociolinguistic functions of code-switching and its relation to the meaning-making process by using the animated series Kim Possible as a case study. Design/methodology/approach: This study employs Muysken’s taxonomy to draw on code-switching patterns in lexico-grammar in relation to human behavior. The study also uses the functional approaches of Muysken and Appel and Gumperz as binary investigatory frameworks to locate interlingual and intralingual code-switching particularities and to elaborate on code-switching functions. Data and analysis: The analysis encompasses 48 episodes. Firstly, we extracted and transcribed code-switching occurrences in light of Muysken’s typology episode-by-episode and categorized them according to their code-switching type (interlingual or intralingual). Secondly, we quantified the occurrences according to their syntactic form to make more systematic claims about code-switching patterns. Next, we triangulated the patterns by examining the context of utterances and extralinguistic factors in the original series vis-à-vis the dubbed version to draw upon information beyond the structure or grammar. Findings/conclusions: The Arabic dubbed version was able to communicate the characters’ cosmopolitan diversity, which correlates with the series’ sense of linguistic modernity and humor. At the same time, the Arabic version was able to portray the extralinguistic reality of Lebanon and its multi-linguistic tapestry. Originality: This research is original because it focuses on Lebanese-Arabic, a dialect seldom discussed in the context of translation. The research also examines language variations in the context of dubbed discourse, where code-switching is integrally pertinent to visual-signs and the cultural background of characters. Significance/implications: The study recognizes the intricacy of code-switching as a reflective phenomenon of social reality and power dynamics; therefore, it contributes in the fields of translation and sociolinguistics.

scholarly journals The syntactic regularity of English noun phrases

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lita Taylor ◽  
Claire Grover ◽  
Ted Briscoe
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
English Noun

Collectivity and distributivity internal to English noun phrases

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 443-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan S. Gillon
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
English Noun

Radical bilingualism in Junot Díaz’s texts

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-342
Author(s):  
Roshawnda A. Derrick
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Indirect Influence ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
English Bilingual ◽  
Hispanic Studies ◽  
Switching Strategies

Abstract This paper analyzes Junot Díaz’s most recent works The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao (2007. The brief wondrous life of Oscar Wao. New York: Riverhead) and This is How You Lose Her (2012. This is how you lose her. New York: Riverhead) by using Muysken’s (2000. Bilingual speech. A typology of code-mixing. Cambridge: CUP) typology of code-switching to illustrate the types of language mixing devices present in these two texts. I point out that Díaz’s innovative use of radical bilingualism is not due to the quantity of sentences including Spanish, rather to the quality of mixing and switching in his works. Further, I elaborate on Casielles-Suárez, Eugenia. (2013. Radical code-switching in the Brief wondrous life of Oscar Wao. Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 90. 475–487) study using Torres’ (2007. In the contact zone: Code-switching strategies by Latino/a writers. MELUS 32(1). 75–96) categorization of code-switching strategies utilized by U.S. Hispanic authors. I find that instead of Díaz’s texts gratifying the bilingual reader (Torres. 2007. In the contact zone: Code-switching strategies by Latino/a writers. MELUS 32(1). 75–96) or creating radical hybridism (Casielles-Suárez. 2013. Radical code-switching in the Brief wondrous life of Oscar Wao. Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 90. 475–487), that these two works illustrate radical bilingualism. In contrast to the majority of U.S. Spanish-English bilingual texts, which incorporate Spanish by using simple insertions, translations, bold font and italics, Díaz creates radically bilingual works by using a variety of Spanish and English varieties, the indirect influence of Spanish in monolingual English sentences, intra-word insertions, a diversity of insertion types and hybrid noun-phrases.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF USING CONSTRASTIVE METHOD IN TEACHING ENGLISH NOUN PHRASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Sihabuddin Sihabuddin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Qualitative Research Method ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
English Noun

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of contrastive method toward students’ English noun phrases ability, the reflection of students comprehension toward the phrases and the students’ perception toward the method in teaching English noun phrases. The object of this study was students at MTS Negeri 3 Mataram grade VIIIA. This study was quasi-experimental that applied mix method: quantitative and qualitative research method.  The instruments for collecting data in this study were a test, questionnaire, and interview guide. The result of this study showed that the method had a positive effect on students’ ability in constructing English noun phrases, and the preception of the students toward the method was positive as well. The method affects the students' ability in constructing English noun phrases correctly.

scholarly journals Bilinguals have a single computational system but two compartmentalized phonological grammars: Evidence from code-switching

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Gosselin
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Natural Speech ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Computational System ◽  
Language Faculty ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Context Of Use ◽  
Syntactic Dependencies ◽  
Linguistic Models

Classic linguistic models, such as Chomsky’s minimalist schematization of the human language faculty, were typically based on a ‘monolingual ideal’. More recently, models have been extended to bilingual cognition. For instance, MacSwan (2000) posited that bilinguals possess a single syntactic computational system and, crucially, two (or more) phonological grammars. The current paper examines this possible architecture of the bilingual language faculty by using code-switching data, since this type of speech is unique to bilingual and multilingual individuals. Specifically, the natural speech Maria, a habitual Spanish-English code-switcher from the Bangor Miami Corpus, was examined. For the interface of phonology, an analysis was completed on the frequency of syllabic structures used by Maria. Phonotactics were examined as Spanish and English impose differential restrictions on complex onsets and codas. The results indicated that Maria’s language of use impacted the phonotactics of her speech, but that the context of use (unilingual or code-switched) did not. This suggests that Maria was alternating between two independent phonological grammars when she was code-switching. For the interface of morphosyntax, syntactic dependencies within Maria’s code-switched speech and past literature were consulted. The evidence illustrates that syntactic dependencies are indeed established within code-switched sentences, indicating that such constructions are derived from a single syntactic subset. Thus, the quantitative and qualitative results from this paper wholly support MacSwan’s original conjectures regarding the bilingual language faculty: bilingual cognition appears to be composed of a single computational system which builds multi-language syntactic structures, and more than one phonological grammar.

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