PENERAPAN METODE USER-CENTER DESIGN (UCD) UNTUK E-COMMERCE INDUSTRI KREATIF

Banyak sistem e-commerce dibangun yang ada berfokus pada bisnis, dengan fitur beragam namun tanpa melibatkan pengguna, sehingga belum tentu akan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna baik dari segi antar muka, usability, dan fitur yang ada, informasi yang disajikan, dan beberapa alur proses yang digunakan, karena faktor-faktor tersebut sehingga membuat user dapat juga merasakan kesulitan atau furtasi dalam menggunakan aplikasi tersebut, sehingga menjadi penyebab menurunnya produktifitas pengguna. Sehingga solusinya adalah dengan membuat aplikasi e-commerce yang mudah digunakan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna dengan metode User-Center Design (UCD) diimplementasikan pada UKM Komoditas pangan lokal Madura diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak positif dalam mempermudah proses jual beli serta dapat meningkatkan persaingan bisnis untuk memasarkan berbagai macam produk atau jasa. Penerapan metode UCD menggunakan empat proses Specify the context of use, Specify User and Organizational Requirements, Produce Design Solutions dan Evaluate designs against user requirements. Untuk pengujiannya dilakukan menggunakan Functionality dengan metode black box, untuk usability menggunakan USE Queissionaire skala Likert 1 s.d 7 dengan 30 pertayaan, pengujian dilakukan dengan melibatkan pengguna sebanyak 10 orang terdiri 5 pelaku usaha dan 5 calon konsumen, hasil pengujian Functionality menunjukan hasil bagus karena sistem bekerja sesuai dengan fungsinya tanpa ada kendala, sedangkan pengujian usability USE Queissionaire pada front end mendapat nilai Usefulness 6.075, Ease of Use 6.236, Ease of Learning 6.30, dan Satisfaction 6.485, sedangkan pengujian pada back end untuk Usefulness 6.475, Ease of Use 6.563, Ease of Learning 6.60, dan Satisfaction 6.542, sehingga sistem secara umum baik karena masih berada pada nilai rata-rata 6 ke atas.

Bilinguals have a single computational system but two compartmentalized phonological grammars: Evidence from code-switching

Classic linguistic models, such as Chomsky’s minimalist schematization of the human language faculty, were typically based on a ‘monolingual ideal’. More recently, models have been extended to bilingual cognition. For instance, MacSwan (2000) posited that bilinguals possess a single syntactic computational system and, crucially, two (or more) phonological grammars. The current paper examines this possible architecture of the bilingual language faculty by using code-switching data, since this type of speech is unique to bilingual and multilingual individuals. Specifically, the natural speech Maria, a habitual Spanish-English code-switcher from the Bangor Miami Corpus, was examined. For the interface of phonology, an analysis was completed on the frequency of syllabic structures used by Maria. Phonotactics were examined as Spanish and English impose differential restrictions on complex onsets and codas. The results indicated that Maria’s language of use impacted the phonotactics of her speech, but that the context of use (unilingual or code-switched) did not. This suggests that Maria was alternating between two independent phonological grammars when she was code-switching. For the interface of morphosyntax, syntactic dependencies within Maria’s code-switched speech and past literature were consulted. The evidence illustrates that syntactic dependencies are indeed established within code-switched sentences, indicating that such constructions are derived from a single syntactic subset. Thus, the quantitative and qualitative results from this paper wholly support MacSwan’s original conjectures regarding the bilingual language faculty: bilingual cognition appears to be composed of a single computational system which builds multi-language syntactic structures, and more than one phonological grammar.

Knowledge-Based Recommendation for On-Demand Mapping: Application to Nautical Charts

Maps have long been seen as a single cartographic product for different uses, with the user having to adapt their interpretation to his or her own needs. On-demand mapping reverses this paradigm in that it is the map that adapts to the user’s needs and context of use. Still often manual and reserved for professionals, on-demand mapping is evolving toward an automation of its processes and a democratization of its use. An on-demand mapping service is a chain of several consecutive steps leading to a target map that precisely meets the needs and requirements of a user. This article addresses the issue of selecting relevant thematic layers with a specific context of use. We propose a knowledge-based recommendation approach that aims to guide a cartographer through the process of map-making. Our system is based on high- and low-level ontologies, the latter modeling the concepts specific to different types of maps targeted. By focusing on maritime maps, we address the representation of knowledge in this context of use, where recommendations rely on axiomatic and rule-based reasoning. For this purpose, we choose description logics as a formalism for knowledge representation in order to make cartographic knowledge machine readable.

Applying context of use to quantitative polymerase chain reaction method validation and analysis: a recommendation from the European Bioanalysis Forum

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is widely used in various fields of laboratory testing, ranging from forensic, molecular biology, medical and diagnostic applications to a wide array of basic research purposes. COVID-19 infection testing has brought the three-letter PCR abbreviation into the vocabulary of billions of people, making it likely the most well-known laboratory test worldwide. With new modalities and translational medicine gaining importance in pharmaceutical research and development, PCR or more specifically, quantitative PCR (qPCR) is now becoming a standard tool in the (regulated) bioanalytical laboratory, driving the bioanalytical community to define best practices for method development, characterization and validation. In absence of specific guidance from health authorities, qPCR may be vulnerable to scope creep from pharmacokinetics (PK) assay validation as defined in bioanalytical method validation guidance/guidelines. In this manuscript, the European Bioanalysis Forum builds a rationale for applying context of use principles when defining requirements for qPCR assay performance and validation criteria.

The FEMTI guidelines for contextual MT evaluation: principles and resources

A large number of evaluation metrics exist for machine translation (MT) systems, but depending on the intended context of use of such a system, not all metrics are equally relevant. Based on the ISO/IEC 9126 and 14598 standards for software evaluation, the Framework for the Evaluation of Machine Translation in ISLE (FEMTI) provides guidelines for the selection of quality characteristics to be evaluated depending on the expected task, users, and input characteristics of an MT system. This approach to contextual evaluation was implemented as a web-based application which helps its users design evaluation plans. In addition, FEMTI offers experts in evaluation the possibility to enter and share their knowledge using a dedicated web-based tool, tested in several evaluation exercises.

English modal constructions ‘must HAVE DONE’ and intermediate modals in authentic context of use ‒ a case study

The aim of the present paper is to examine the degree to which the first year students of English philology at ATH in Bielsko-Biala are able to recognize the particular modal constructions occurring in authentic linguistic materials, after having been introduced to their forms and meanings theoretically. The paper focuses on contextualization by means of linguistic corpora of selected English modal constructions, such as the perfective use of central modals on the example of ‘must HAVE done’, and particular ‘intermediate’ modals (1. must have; 2. dare + bare infinitive; 3. WE/I shall; 4. BE about to; 5. BE to; 6. HAVE got to; 7. BE bound to; 8. BE willing to; 9. HAPPEN to), following a remote lecture on descriptive grammar of the English language via the MS Teams application during the coronavirus lockdown in January, 2021. The case study concerns the results obtained from an assignment administered to 64 first year students, presented in four tables. The assignment, attached in the form of an MS Word file to edit, required the students to select and cite from either of the two corpora of the English language – BNC or COCA – examples of authentic use of each of the modal constructions studied during one of the lectures. The paper consists of six sections, two on the main theses in cognitive linguistics, whose achievements pertain to usage-based acquisition of new linguistic material, three parts related to the research conducted, including the methodological part, an analysis of the results obtained, followed by a discussion and general conclusions. The last section signals how selected theses of cognitive linguistics apply to the results of the said research.

Recommendations and discussion points on immunogenicity, biomarkers, automation/technology and protein–MS from the 2021 European Bioanalysis Forum Focus Workshops

During the first half of 2021, and due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic preventing in-person meetings, the European Bioanalysis Forum organized four workshops as live interactive online meetings. The themes discussed at the workshops were carefully selected to match the cyberspace dynamics of the meeting format. The first workshop was a training day on challenges related to immunogenicity. The second one focused on biomarkers and continued the important discussion on integrating the principles of Context of Use (CoU) in biomarker research. The third workshop was dedicated to technology, that is, cutting-edge development in cell-based and ligand-binding assays and automation strategies. The fourth was on progress and the continued scientific and regulatory challenges related to peptide and protein analysis with MS. In all four workshops, the European Bioanalysis Forum included a mixture of scientific and regulatory themes, while reminding the audience of important strategic aspects and our responsibility toward the patient.

Non-use of telemedicine: A scoping review

Many telemedicine interventions fail to be implemented in medical care with non-use and discontinued use by patients being among the major reasons. The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of barriers associated with non-use and discontinued use of telemedicine. An electronic search was conducted in Pubmed in October 2019 and updated in November 2020, followed by a hand search in the beginning of 2021. All potential articles were screened by two independent reviewers based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A qualitative content analysis according to Mayring was carried out. The topics ‘intervention’, ‘context of use’ and ‘user’ were chosen as overarching themes. Out of 1377 potentially relevant articles, 73 were included. User-related barriers were mentioned in most of the analysed studies, followed by barriers related to the intervention. The analysis provides the basis for overcoming non-use issues in telemedicine.

Attitudes towards and use of homoeoprophylaxis: findings of two international surveys

Background: The use of homoeopathic remedies to prevent infectious diseases, homoeoprophylaxis (HP), was first described over 100 years ago. To date, no systematic studies have been performed to identify the attitudes that current practitioners hold about HP or current trends in the use of HP. Aims: This study aimed to discover attitudes to HP amongst accredited homeopathic practitioners particularly with respect to overall acceptance, context of use, and preferred remedies. Methodology: Two international surveys were conducted in 2014. Responses were received from 1,124 homeopaths in 35 countries; 104 of whom responded to both surveys. Results: A large proportion of respondents have positive attitudes to HP and currently use HP in their practice. However, responses also indicate that knowledge about HP is chequered. Confidence in the evidence base of HP also is variable. Conclusion: Results indicate that HP is widely practised, however, further research is needed to improve confidence in the evidence base of HP, and better programs are needed to ensure that education about HP is enhanced.

Corpus Assisted Approach To Armah’s The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born

Armah’s The Beautyful Ones are not yet Born is a novel known for its extensive portrayal of the ills and anomalies in the Ghanaian society right after independence. The majority of studies on the novel have overwhelmingly concluded that corruption is the preoccupation of the text. This view appears skewed in many respects. This paper argues that the corpus assisted approach can contribute methodologies to support objective investigation of the subject matters of the text. This study, adopting the corpus-assisted approach in a mix of numerical data and qualitative description of Armah’s The Beautyful Ones are not yet Born, used frequencies of the occurrence of pejorative terms in the text to determine the dominant subject matters in the novel. The approach reveals that “rot” and “decay” are the most dominant motifs used, followed by “filth”, “corruption”, and “bribery”. It suggests that clusters, i.e., recurrence of words, characters’ association with the words, and context of use serve as textual cues in thematic exploration. The approach aids in revealing that the real intent of The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born is that the total breakdown of the society rests on seemingly insignificant characters. The paper has implications for methodological approaches to thematic analysis of literary texts, particularly, the novel.