scholarly journals Decision Optimization of Four-Level Supply Chain with the Participation of Two-Echelon Logistics Service Providers under Different Power Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Zhigang Song
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Chain System ◽  
Logistics Service ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Total Profit

Taking the four-level supply chain participated by two-echelon logistics service providers as the research object, this paper deeply studies the influence of different power structures on the optimal price and logistics service level decisions of the whole supply chain system. On this basis, this paper points out the optimal power structure of the whole supply chain system and then discusses the optimal cooperative decision-making mode to improve the operation efficiency of the supply chain system under optimal power structure. The results show that compared with the two power structures of manufacturer-led and logistics service integrator-led, the retailer-led structure is the optimal power structure, whether from the perspective of maximizing the total profit of the supply chain or the surplus of consumers. When the supply chain is facing consumers who are less sensitive to the retail price of products and more sensitive to the logistics service level, the advantages of retail-led decentralized supply chain are more significant. The centralized decision of product supply chain (PSC) and logistics service supply chain (LSSC) under different power structures is the dominant strategy, and the equilibrium strategy is Nash game adopted by both parties. At this time, the total profit of the supply chain system is the largest and the total social welfare is the largest, while the total profit and consumer surplus of the supply chain under LSSC-led structure are the smallest. When the supply chain is facing consumers with low sensitivity of logistics service level and product retail price, PSC and LSSC have more significant advantages in Nash game rather than Stackelberg game.

scholarly journals A Model of Waste Price in a Symbiotic Supply Chain Based on Stackelberg Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1740
Author(s):  
Cheng Che ◽  
Xiaoguang Zhang ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Liangyan Zhao ◽  
Zhihong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Optimal Price ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Chain System ◽  
Revenue Model

By establishing a two-level symbiotic supply chain system consisting of one supplier and one manufacturer, we use Stackelberg method to analyze the optimal price and revenue model of supplier and manufacturer in the symbiotic supply chain under two power structures in which the supplier and manufacturer are dominant respectively, and analyze the influence of the degree of symbiosis and power structure on the model. Through comparative analysis, we find that: There is a relationship between the income level and the degree of symbiosis in the symbiotic supply chain. The change of power structure will affect the relative benefits of suppliers and manufacturers in the symbiotic supply chain. The manufacturer’s expected unit product revenue will affect the supply chain revenue when the manufacturer is dominant. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of relevant parameters is carried out through an example analysis, and the validity of the conclusion is verified. This paper has a guiding significance for the behavior of enterprises in the cogeneration supply chain.

scholarly journals Decision Optimization and Interest Coordination of Dual-Channel Supply Chain Embedded by Two-Echelon Logistics Service Providers under the Dominance of Retailer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Daning Xing
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Sensitivity Coefficient ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Coordination Mechanism ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Decentralized Decision Making

Taking the dual-channel supply chain embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers as the research object, this paper studies the optimal decisions of each decision maker under the centralized and decentralized decision-making mode led by the retailer. Based on the decentralized decision-making mode, an improved coordination mechanism of residual profit sharing is designed to realize the interest coordination, in which the bargaining power of all participants is fully considered. The results show that, under the decentralized decision-making mode, the profit of FLSP increases first and then decreases as the sensitivity coefficient of cross-service level increases, while the profits of other decision makers and the supply chain system decrease with the increase of sensitivity coefficient of cross-service level. The relative size of the price sensitivity coefficient of online and offline channel has an inconsistent impact on the profit of FLSP, while it has a consistent impact on the profits of other decision makers. The profit of FLSP fluctuates greatly with changes in the sensitivity coefficient, and it is difficult to be guaranteed in the entire supply chain system. On this basis, an improved coordination mechanism of residual profit sharing is designed. The results show that, after the introduction of bargaining power coefficient of the Nash negotiation model, the variation coefficient of the profits of all decision makers is smaller after coordination, and the profit growth rates are more uniform.

scholarly journals Using Information Technology To Optimize Operations Of Third-Party Logistics Provider

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhong ◽  
Bin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Logistic Distribution ◽  
Third Party Logistics ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Logistics Service ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
The Impact

Advancement in information technologies has brought substantial benefits to logistics service providers, e.g. third-party logistics (3PL) companies. The development and application of these technologies such as global positioning system (GPS) are especially important and helpful in transportation and logistics activities that are integral components in any Supply Chain system. Understanding the impact and potential issues brought by using these technologies are of significant importance in global supply chain management. In this research, we investigate the application of GPS-based information technologies to optimize operations of companies providing third-party logistics service. We discuss how these technologies help to enhance the effective and efficient management of their businesses and analyze the interaction of GPS implementation and several key characteristics of the logistic distribution context. We address major benefits and challenges, and provide important insights.

scholarly journals Improving the Quality of the Goods Delivery Supply Chain System with the Integration of Lean Six Sigma and AHP Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal Maulana ◽  
Hana Catur Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Six Sigma ◽  
Lean Six Sigma ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Chain System ◽  
Logistics Service ◽  
Selection For

Astrans Putra Logistik Ltd. is a logistics service company with shipping routes in Sidoarjo, Denpasar, Lombok and NTB. Some of the problems that occur, such as delays in the pick-up process of goods to the load that large but not enough for departure, cause the quality of the supply chain system to be poor. So this research needs to be done with the aim of knowing the point of waste in the supply chain, identifying the sigma value, and determining the priority for its improvement. Quality improvement is carried out using the Lean Six Sigma method with AHP integration as a priority selection for improvement. From the research results, it was found that there was waste that caused 3 (three) CTQ, namely delivery was delayed, goods were damaged or leaked, and there was a difference in the number of goods. The company's DPMO value is 34272 with a sigma value of 3.34. The priority for improvements that can be made based on AHP weight, namely check the package packages before they are sent (0,353), make SOP for the preparation of goods (0,167), and apply SOP for goods checking documents (0,142).

scholarly journals Pricing and Ordering Decisions in a Retailer Dominant Channel Involving a Third-Party Logistics Provider

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Xiaoxu Chen ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Thomas Walker ◽  
Shengzhong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Third Party Logistics ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Numerical Illustration ◽  
Equilibrium Pricing ◽  
Logistics Service ◽  
Dominant Retailer

This paper theoretically investigates pricing and ordering decisions in a supply chain system comprised of a dominant retailer, a manufacturer, and a third-party logistics (3PL) provider. The paper introduces the logistics service level as an additional variable and obtains the equilibrium pricing and ordering decisions of the supply chain members by applying game theory. Our analysis focuses on the effects of three sensitivity coefficients, i.e., the retailer’s order quantity to the manufacturer’s wholesale price, the 3PL’s logistics service price, and the logistics service level on equilibrium decisions. In addition, we explore the effect of the logistics investment cost and the market risk on equilibrium decisions. Finally, we present a numerical illustration to validate our theoretical results and explore their effects on channel performance.

scholarly journals Pricing-Decision and Coordination Contract considering Product Design and Quality of Recovery Product in a Closed-Loop Supply Chain

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingming Zou ◽  
Guangyu Ye
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Retail Price ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain ◽  
Chain System ◽  
Total Profit

In a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer, this paper studies the pricing strategies and coordination mechanism of supply chain when the remanufacturing cost is random caused by the proportion of reusability parts in design stage and quality condition of recycling product. The results show that the wholesale price and retail price are negative correlation, while the recycling rate and total profit of supply chain system are positive correlation with the proportion of reusability component designed in new product and quality of recycling product. Moreover, there are conclusions that the wholesale price and retail price are lower while the recycling rate and total profit of supply chain system are higher with centralized decision. Then, in order to coordinate the closed-loop supply chain, this paper develops a revenue-sharing contract, in which the revenue share parameter is determined based on absolute deviation approach. The theoretical results are illustrated by a numerical example.

Short Communications: Stakeholders’ Perceptions on Traceability of Pharmaceuticals in the Supply Chain in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Dawit T. Gebregeorgise ◽  
Matiwos E. Jaleta
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Improve Patient Safety ◽  
National Level ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sector ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain ◽  
Chain System ◽  
Traceability System

Globally, the pharmaceutical sector is one of the top performing high-technology sectors. This coupled with the involvement of multitude of  wholesalers and retailers in the supply chain makes the sector attractive for forgers to produce and distribute counterfeited drugs. In order to improve patient safety and supply chain efficiency, Ethiopia has prepared a strategic plan for the implementation of pharmaceutical traceability. However, little is known how different stakeholders perceive and could react to this initiative. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess stakeholders’ perceptions on the needs, challenges and concerns of implementing a traceable pharmaceutical supply chain system. Managers (n = 137), who are presumed to play critical roles in decision making in the pharmaceutical sector were surveyed by administering questionnaires. Data were collected from August to September, 2017 and analysed using descriptive statistics. Almost all stakeholders (96.4%) agreed on the importance of having a national level tracking and tracing system for pharmaceuticals. Their reasons were: to combat counterfeiting, theft and diversion of products (92.4%); to gain supply chain efficiencies (88.5%); to improve inventory management (86.9%) and patient care (74.4%). However, they were concerned about the high start-up and operational cost (61.1%), integration and interoperability (61.3) of the existing supply chain with a traceable system, data security, getting qualified contractors or service providers (66.5%). Overall, there is a positive perception and support for the implementation of pharmaceutical traceability system in the supply chain. However, concerns such as integrating traceability with the existing supply chain system, cost, and data security, need to be resolved through continued discussions, adequate preparation and phase-based  implementation. Keywords: traceability, stakeholders, survey, pharmaceuticals, Ethiopia 

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