The Emerging Roles of CCN3 Protein in Immune-Related Diseases

The CCN proteins are a family of extracellular matrix- (ECM-) associated proteins which currently consist of six secreted proteins (CCN1-6). CCN3 protein, also known as nephroblastoma overexpressed protein (NOV), is a member of the CCN family with multiple biological functions, implicated in major cellular processes such as cell growth, migration, and differentiation. Recently, CCN3 has emerged as a critical regulator in a variety of diseases, including immune-related diseases, including rheumatology arthritis, osteoarthritis, and systemic sclerosis. In this review, we will briefly introduce the structure and function of the CCN3 protein and summarize the roles of CCN3 in immune-related diseases, which is essential to understand the functions of the CCN3 in immune-related diseases.

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Targeting CCN Proteins in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22094340 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 4340

Author(s):

Iona J. MacDonald ◽

Chien-Chung Huang ◽

Shan-Chi Liu ◽

Yen-You Lin ◽

Chih-Hsin Tang

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Cell Proliferation ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Ccn Proteins ◽

Matricellular Proteins ◽

Substantial Evidence ◽

Ccn Family ◽

Cellular Processes

The CCN family of matricellular proteins (CYR61/CCN1, CTGF/CCN2, NOV/CCN3 and WISP1-2-3/CCN4-5-6) are essential players in the key pathophysiological processes of angiogenesis, wound healing and inflammation. These proteins are well recognized for their important roles in many cellular processes, including cell proliferation, adhesion, migration and differentiation, as well as the regulation of extracellular matrix differentiation. Substantial evidence implicates four of the proteins (CCN1, CCN2, CCN3 and CCN4) in the inflammatory pathologies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). A smaller evidence base supports the involvement of CCN5 and CCN6 in the development of these diseases. This review focuses on evidence providing insights into the involvement of the CCN family in RA and OA, as well as the potential of the CCN proteins as therapeutic targets in these diseases.

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Structure and function of prostatic- and seminal vesicle-secreted proteins involved in the gelation and liquefaction of human semen

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation ◽

10.3109/00365518809168290 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 13-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. Lilja

Keyword(s):

Seminal Vesicle ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Secreted Proteins ◽

Human Semen ◽

And Function

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Enhanced Structure and Function of Stem Cell-Derived Beta-Like Cells Cultured on Extracellular Matrix

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3525552 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Reena Singh ◽

Richard Tan ◽

Clara Tran ◽

Thomas Loudovaris ◽

Helen E. Thomas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Structure And Function ◽

And Function ◽

Cells Cultured

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Structure and Function of Angiopoietin-like Protein 3 (ANGPTL3) in Atherosclerosis

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867326666190621120523 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (31) ◽

pp. 5159-5174 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xinjie Lu

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Biological Functions ◽

Pharmacological Management ◽

Vascular Growth ◽

Promising Target ◽

And Function ◽

Systematic Appraisal

Background:Angiopoietin-Like Proteins (ANGPTLs) are structurally related to the angiopoietins. A total of eight ANGPTLs (from ANGPTL1 to ANGPTL8) have been identified so far. Most ANGPTLs possess multibiological functions on lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Among them, ANGPTL3 has been shown to regulate the levels of Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) made by the liver and play a crucial role in human lipoprotein metabolism.Method:A systematic appraisal of ANGPTLs was conducted, focusing on the main features of ANGPTL3 that has a significant role in atherosclerosis.Results:Angiopoietins including ANGPTL3 are vascular growth factors that are highly specific for endothelial cells, perform a variety of other regulatory activities to influence inflammation, and have been shown to possess both pro-atherosclerotic and atheroprotective effects.Conclusion:ANGPTL3 has been demonstrated as a promising target in the pharmacological management of atherosclerosis. However, many questions remain about its biological functions.

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Structure and function of seed lipid body-associated proteins

Comptes Rendus Biologies ◽

10.1016/j.crvi.2008.07.016 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 331 (10) ◽

pp. 746-754 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Zita Purkrtova ◽

Pascale Jolivet ◽

Martine Miquel ◽

Thierry Chardot

Keyword(s):

Lipid Body ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Seed Lipid ◽

Associated Proteins ◽

And Function

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Peroxynitrite modifies the structure and function of the extracellular matrix proteoglycan perlecan by reaction with both the protein core and the heparan sulfate chains

Free Radical Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.04.018 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 282-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Eleanor C. Kennett ◽

Martin D. Rees ◽

Ernst Malle ◽

Astrid Hammer ◽

John M. Whitelock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Heparan Sulfate ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Protein Core ◽

And Function

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The structure and function of centriolar rootlets

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.258544 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 134 (16) ◽

Author(s):

Robert Mahen

Keyword(s):

Cellular Function ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Cellular Systems ◽

Macromolecular Assemblies ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Holistic Understanding ◽

Eukaryotic Organisms ◽

And Function ◽

Knockout Animals

ABSTRACT To gain a holistic understanding of cellular function, we must understand not just the role of individual organelles, but also how multiple macromolecular assemblies function collectively. Centrioles produce fundamental cellular processes through their ability to organise cytoskeletal fibres. In addition to nucleating microtubules, centrioles form lesser-known polymers, termed rootlets. Rootlets were identified over a 100 years ago and have been documented morphologically since by electron microscopy in different eukaryotic organisms. Rootlet-knockout animals have been created in various systems, providing insight into their physiological functions. However, the precise structure and function of rootlets is still enigmatic. Here, I consider common themes of rootlet function and assembly across diverse cellular systems. I suggest that the capability of rootlets to form physical links from centrioles to other cellular structures is a general principle unifying their functions in diverse cells and serves as an example of how cellular function arises from collective organellar activity.

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