scholarly journals Forecasting the COVID-19 Diffusion in Italy and the Related Occupancy of Intensive Care Units

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Livio Fenga
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Forecast Period ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Northern Regions

This paper provides a model-based method for the forecast of the total number of currently COVID-19 positive individuals and of the occupancy of the available intensive care units in Italy. The predictions obtained—for a time horizon of 10 days starting from March 29th—will be provided at a national as well as at a more disaggregated level, following a criterion based on the magnitude of the phenomenon. While those regions hit the most by the pandemic have been kept separated, those less affected regions have been aggregated into homogeneous macroareas. Results show that—within the forecast period considered (March 29th–April 7th)—all of the Italian regions will show a decreasing number of COVID-19 positive people. The same will be observed for the number of people who will need to be hospitalized in an intensive care unit. These estimates are valid under constancy of the government’s current containment policies. In this scenario, northern regions will remain the most affected ones, whereas no significant outbreaks are foreseen in the southern regions.

scholarly journals Forecasting the CoViD–19 Diffusion in Italy and the Related Occupancy of Intensive Care Units

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livio Fenga
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Forecast Period ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Northern Regions

AbstractThis paper provides a model–based method for the forecast of the total number of currently CoVoD-19 positive individuals and of the occupancy of the available Intensive Care Units in Italy. The predictions obtained – for a time horizon of 10 days starting from March 29th – will be provided at a national as well as at a more disaggregate levels, following a criterion based on the magnitude of the phenomenon. While the Regions which have been hit the most by the pandemic have been kept separated, the less affected ones have been aggregated into homogeneous macro-areas. Results show that – within the forecast period considered (March 29th - April 7th) – all of the Italian regions will show a decreasing number of CoViD-19 positive people. Same for the number of people who will need to be hospitalized in a Intensive Care Unit (ICU). These estimates are valid under constancy of the Government’s current containment policies. In this scenario, Northern Regions will remain the most affected ones and no significant outbreak are foreseen in the southern regions.

Parameters of bed occupancy of intensive care units in Hungary

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (24) ◽  
pp. 946-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Gresz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Bed Occupancy ◽  
National Network ◽  
Bed Capacity

According to the Semmelweis Plan for Saving Health Care, ”the capacity of the national network of intensive care units in Hungary is one but not the only bottleneck of emergency care at present”. Author shows on the basis of data reported to the health insurance that not on a single calendar day more than 75% of beds in intensive care units were occupied. There were about 15 to 20 thousand sick days which could be considered unnecessary because patients occupying these beds were discharged to their homes directly from the intensive care unit. The data indicate that on the whole bed capacity is not low, only in some institutions insufficient. Thus, in order to improve emergency care in Hungary, the rearrangement of existing beds, rather than an increase of bed capacity is needed. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 946–950.

scholarly journals Otolaryngology activity in two hospitals in northern and central Italy differently affected by COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042199848
Author(s):  
Antonio Minni ◽  
Francesco Pilolli ◽  
Massimo Ralli ◽  
Niccolò Mevio ◽  
Luca Roncoroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Italian Regions

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic had a significant impact on the Italian healthcare system, although geographical differences were present; regions in northern Italy have been the most severely affected while regions in the south of the country were relatively spared. Otolaryngologists were actively involved in the management of the pandemic. In this work, we analyzed and compared the otolaryngology surgical activity performed during the pandemic in two large public hospitals located in different Italian regions. In northern Italy, otolaryngologists were mainly involved in performing surgical tracheotomies in COVID-19 positive patients and contributed to the management of these patients in intensive care units. In central Italy, where the burden of the infection was significantly lower, otolaryngologists focused on diagnosis and treatment of emergency and oncology patients. This analysis confirms the important role of the otolaryngology specialists during the pandemic, but also highlights specific differences between two large hospitals in different Italian regions.

scholarly journals Continuous EEG Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
pp. S12-S15 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kay
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Eeg Monitoring ◽  
General Icus ◽  
Continuous Eeg ◽  
Nonconvulsive Seizures ◽  
Continuous Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Problems

AbstractBackground:Electroencephalography (EEG) is playing an increasingly important role in the management of comatose patients in the intensive care unit.Methods:The techniques of EEG monitoring are reviewed. Initially, standard, discontinuous recordings were performed in intensive care units (ICUs). Later, continuous displays of “raw EEG” (CEEG) were used. More recently, the addition of quantitative techniques allowed for more effective reading.Results and Conclusions:Applications of continuous EEG to clinical problems are discussed. The most useful role of CEEG appears to be the detection and management of nonconvulsive seizures. There is a need for controlled studies to assess the role for CEEG in neuro-ICUs and general ICUs.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: special considerations for infants and children with cardiac disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (S4) ◽  
pp. 116-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacie B. Peddy ◽  
Mary Fran Hazinski ◽  
Peter C. Laussen ◽  
Ravi R. Thiagarajan ◽  
George M. Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Paediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care ◽  
Paediatric Intensive Care Units

AbstractPulseless cardiac arrest, defined as the cessation of cardiac mechanical activity, determined by unresponsiveness, apneoa, and the absence of a palpable central pulse, accounts for around one-twentieth of admissions to paediatric intensive care units, be they medical or exclusively cardiac. Such cardiac arrest is higher in children admitted to a cardiac as opposed to a paediatric intensive care unit, but the outcome of these patients is better, with just over two-fifths surviving when treated in the cardiac intensive care unit, versus between one-sixth and one-quarter of those admitted to paediatric intensive care units. Children who receive chest compressions for bradycardia with pulses have a significantly higher rate of survival to discharge, at 60%, than do those presenting with pulseless cardiac arrest, with only 27% surviving to discharge. This suggests that early resuscitation before the patient becomes pulseless, along with early recognition and intervention, are likely to improve outcomes. Recently published reports of in-hospital cardiac arrests in children can be derived from the multi-centric National Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation provided by the American Heart Association. The population is heterogeneous, but most arrests occurred in children with progressive respiratory insufficiency, and/or progressive circulatory shock. During the past 4 years at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3.1% of the average 1000 annual admissions to the cardiac intensive care unit have received cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Overall survival of those receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation was 46%. Survival was better for those receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation after cardiac surgery, at 53%, compared with survival of 33% for pre-operative or non-surgical patients undergoing resuscitation. Clearly there is room for improvement in outcomes from cardiac resuscitation in children with cardiac disease. In this review, therefore, we summarize the newest developments in paediatric resuscitation, with an expanded focus upon the unique challenges and importance of anticipatory care in infants and children with cardiac disease.

scholarly journals Candidemia in an intensive care unit

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Dalia Adukauskienė ◽  
Aida Kinderytė ◽  
Asta Dambrauskienė ◽  
Astra Vitkauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
Bladder Catheter

Candidemia is becoming more actual because of better survival of even critically ill patients, wide use of antimicrobials, and increased numbers of invasive procedures and manipulations. Diagnosis of candidemia remains complicated, and costs of treatment and mortality rates are increasing. Objective. To evaluate the pathogens of candidemia, risk factors and their influence on outcome. Material and methods. Data of 41 patients with positive blood culture for Candida spp., who were treated in the intensive care units at the Hospital of Kaunas University of Medicine, were analyzed retrospectively. Results. Candidemia was caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans) in 48.8% (n=20) of patients and by non-albicans Candida in 51.2% (n=21) of patients. The main cause of candidemia was C. albicans in 2004 (83.3%, n=5), but in 2005 (63.6%, n=7), in 2006 (57.1%, n=4), and in 2007 (52.9%, n=9), the main cause was non-albicans Candida spp. The number of candidemia cases caused by C. albicans was decreased in 2005, 2006, and 2007 as compared with 2004, and the number of candidemia caused by non-albicans Candida spp. was decreased, respectively (P<0.05). More than 65% (n=34) of patients had severe disease (P<0.05). Lethal outcome was recorded in 58.5% of patients with candidemia. Mechanical ventilation was used in 76.9% (n=20) and urinary bladder catheter in 72.1% (n=19) of non-survivors and in 23.1% (n=6) and 26.9% (n=7) of survivors, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions. There is an increase in the prevalence of candidemia in the intensive care units during the 4-year period; half of candidemia cases were caused by non-albicans Candida spp., and patients with candidemia caused by non-albicans Candida spp. are at higher risk of mortality. Therefore, for the empirical treatment of septic conditions in an intensive care unit, when invasive fungal infection is suspected, we recommend using an antifungal agent of non-azole class until a pathogen of candidemia is determined. Severe disease is evaluated as a risk factor for candidemia. Patients with oncological diseases are at significantly higher risk for candidemia caused by non-albicans Candida spp. Use of mechanical ventilation and urinary bladder catheter is a risk factor for lethal outcome.

Abstract 301: Differential Outcomes for Geriatric Patients in Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Compared to Medical Intensive Care Unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Ong ◽  
Albert Lui ◽  
John A Dodson ◽  
Jordan B Strom ◽  
Carlos Alviar
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Icu Mortality ◽  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
Medical Intensive Care ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care

Background: The number of older adults admitted to cardiac intensive care units (CICU) have been increasing over the past decade, but it is not known if outcomes vary between CICU and medical intensive care units (MICU). We aimed to describe survival and length of stay (LOS) in older adults admitted to CICU and MICU. Methods: All patients admitted to the CICU or MICU at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center from 2001-2012 were identified from MIMIC-III, a large single-center critical care database containing deidentified clinical data for 38,597 patients. Our primary outcomes were ICU mortality and ICU LOS. Regression analyses were performed adjusting for age, gender, ICU setting and Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score (OASIS), a severity score developed and validated in critically ill patients for ICU mortality. Results: We included 21,088 MICU patients (48.3% female) and 7,726 CICU patients (42% female). Unadjusted mortality was 13.7% in MICU and 12.5% in CICU (p=0.11). When adjusted for age, gender and OASIS, there was no difference in mortality between MICU and CICU (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.34-1.13, p=0.15). However, we found a significant interaction between older age and type of ICU with mortality (p=0.03) but not with ICU LOS (p=0.15). In patients >75 years (6,837 in MICU and 3,161 in CICU), each 5-year interval of older age was associated with higher mortality when adjusted for gender and OASIS in the CICU (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08 p=0.002), but not in the MICU (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99-1.03, p=0.15, Figure). Conclusion: Older adults admitted to the CICU had higher adjusted mortality by age group after age 75, as opposed to older MICU patients in whom mortality was high but remained unchanged after age 75.

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