scholarly journals Research of Multidimensional Optimization of LEACH Protocol Based on Reducing Network Energy Consumption

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chunhua Lin ◽  
Feng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Threshold Function ◽  
Region Division ◽  
Multihop Communication ◽  
Optimized Protocol ◽  
Leach Protocol ◽  
New Formula

In order to equalize network energy consumption, and extend the life cycle, the optimized protocol based on low-power adaptive cluster stratification (LEACH) is proposed. Firstly, considering residual energy and distance of nodes, the threshold function of the cluster head is modified, and the network region division strategy is optimized, to reasonably adjust the size of clusters. For intracluster transmission, a sleep mechanism is added to balance node energy consumption. And a new barycenter node is added to assist cluster head (CH) to complete the transmission task, thereby extending the service lifetime. In the multihop communication between clusters, in order to calculate the fitting factor of the next hop, we derived a new formula, which takes into account the angle, remaining energy, and distance. Simulation results show that the total remaining energy of the optimized LEACH protocol is reduced by 31.4%, and the network life cycle is increased by about 52%.

scholarly journals Reducing Network Energy Consumption using Multidimensional Optimization of LEACH Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1S) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Dr.M.Buvana, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Threshold Function ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Leach Protocol ◽  
New Formula ◽  
Sleep Mechanism ◽  
Multidimensional Optimization

The optimized LEACH-focused protocol is proposed to make equal network energy usage and outspread the life cycle. In the first place, the threshold function of the cluster head is adjusted and the technique of division of the network area is configured to change reasonably the size of the clusters, taking account of residual energy and node distance. A sleep mechanism is introduced for intra-cluster transmission to balance the power consumption of nodes. And a new Barycenter Node has been introduced to help the head of the cluster fulfill the transmission task and thus prolong the lifespan. We derived a new formula, considering the angle, energy and distance, in multiple-hop communication between clusters to determine the fitting factor of the next hop. The results of simulations display that the remaining total energy of the optimized LEACH is decreased by 32.6% and the network life cycle respectively increases by around 54%.

scholarly journals A new modification of LEACH for efficient energy in WSN

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1495
Author(s):  
Taous Lechani ◽  
Victor Tourtchine ◽  
Said Amari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Random Cluster ◽  
Leach Protocol ◽  
Virtual Grid

<p>The limited energy of nodes in wireless sensor networks and the<br />impossibility of replacing their batteries, have lead to protocols development<br />which optimize and balance the energy consumption over the network.<br />LEACH is the most used hierarchical protocol. However, one major<br />weakness of the LEACH protocol lies in both of its random cluster formation<br />and cluster head election. In this paper, we present two new protocols based<br />virtual grid clustering on coverage area. In the first one, sensing area is<br />devided into grids as squares named as VSG-LEACH and in the second one<br />into grids as hexagons named as VHG-LEACH. In each zone, one cluster<br />head is elected according to its residual energy and its distance from the cell<br />center. The simulation results show that the network lifetime is prolonged by<br />169.67% and the energy consumption is improved by 80.97% compared to<br />LEACH protocol.</p>

An Energy Balanced Clustering Algorithm Based on LEACH Protocol

2013 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 1138-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Liao ◽  
Hao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Leach Protocol ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Optimal Cluster

The primary objectives of the wireless sensor network routing protocol design are balancing network energy consumption and extending the entire network lifetime. This paper analyses the effectiveness of LEACH protocol in cluster-head selection, and proposes an improved clustering algorithm. This new algorithm takes nodes residual energy and location information into account, optimizes the selection method of the threshold for electing cluster-head, improves optimal cluster-head selection strategy that is normal nodes select the optimal cluster-head based on the cost function. Simulation results show that the improved protocol is better than LEACH in balancing node energy consumption, improving the efficiency of data transmission and prolonging the network life.

An Improved LEACH Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 743 ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F. Liu ◽  
P. Guo ◽  
J. Zhao ◽  
N. Li
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Head Node ◽  
Leach Protocol

Wireless sensor network routing protocol is to prolong the survival time of wireless sensor networks by using the sensor nodes energy efficiently. Traditional LEACH protocol is random in the election of the cluster head, if a less energy node is first elected as a cluster head node, then the node might die soon, it will greatly reducing the lifetime of the network. In order to collect data more efficiently and prolong the network life cycle,we need better clustering protocol. Aim at the traditional LEACH protocol have some weakness,this paper improve the protocol based on traditional LEACH protocol, two influence factors which the residual energy and the number of elected cluster head of the nodes had been introduced to make the clustering more ideal. Simulation results show that compared to the traditional Leach algorithm ,the improved LEACH protocol can prolong the network life cycle more effective and reduce the energy consumption of the whole network.

scholarly journals A WSN Clustering Multi-Hop Routing Protocol Using Cellular Virtual Grid in IoT Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Threshold Function ◽  
Throughput Optimization ◽  
Distance Ratio ◽  
Intermediate Node ◽  
Selection Stage ◽  
Virtual Grid

By dividing the grid and clustering multi-hop algorithm, the lifetime of WSN can be prolonged effectively, and the reliability of the system can be improved. In order to prolong network lifetime and balance network energy consumption, a WSN clustering multi-hop routing protocol for electric vehicles using cellular virtual grid is proposed. The routing mechanism divides cells into regular hexagons. In the cluster head selection stage, the node angle ratio, distance ratio, and throughput optimization threshold function are introduced to select cluster heads independently. In data transmission, single hop in cluster and mixed hop between clusters are used to optimize the path and reduce energy consumption when transmitting data among cluster head nodes. In the routing protocol, the path cost from the intermediate node to the target node is calculated according to the distance and residual energy. The simulation results show that the protocol has obvious advantages in reducing network energy consumption compared with several traditional algorithms when the running time reaches 1200 s and the network coverage is high.

scholarly journals Improvement of Perception Layer Routing Protocol with Static Nodes in IoT-Based Microgrids

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1882
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Chang Yu ◽  
Zijian Hu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Cluster Radius ◽  
Dynamic Cluster ◽  
Leach Protocol ◽  
Optimal Cluster

Aiming at the problem of uneven clustering and the unreasonable energy consumption of LEACH protocol in the perception layer of IoT-based microgrids of static nodes; in this paper, we propose a stationary-node energy-based routing protocol (SERP). First, we select a dynamic cluster radius for clustering to meet the actual needs of the network during clustering. Then, to solve the problem that the number of cluster heads is difficult to determine, a dynamic optimal cluster head ratio is adopted. The dynamic optimal cluster head ratio can be obtained by minimizing the total energy consumption of cluster formation and the stable transmission phase, which can improve the efficiency of network transmission. Finally, by setting the residual energy factor and distance factor to improve the calculation of the cluster head election threshold, the energy load of the network is more uniform, and the location of the cluster head is more reasonable. Compared with the LEACH protocol and the HEED protocol, the simulation results show that the SERP protocol can effectively prolong the lifetime of the whole network.

Performance Analysis of RNC Clustering Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Rawat ◽  
Siddhartha Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Threshold Function ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Clustering Protocol

Background and Objective: The functionalities of wireless sensor networks (WSN) are growing in various areas, so to handle the energy consumption of network in an efficient manner is a challenging task. The sensor nodes in the WSN are equipped with limited battery power, so there is a need to utilize the sensor power in an efficient way. The clustering of nodes in the network is one of the ways to handle the limited energy of nodes to enhance the lifetime of the network for its longer working without failure. Methods: The proposed approach is based on forming a cluster of various sensor nodes and then selecting a sensor as cluster head (CH). The heterogeneous sensor nodes are used in the proposed approach in which sensors are provided with different energy levels. The selection of an efficient node as CH can help in enhancing the network lifetime. The threshold function and random function are used for selecting the cluster head among various sensors for selecting the efficient node as CH. Various performance parameters such as network lifespan, packets transferred to the base station (BS) and energy consumption are used to perform the comparison between the proposed technique and previous approaches. Results and Discussion: To validate the working of the proposed technique the simulation is performed in MATLAB simulator. The proposed approach has enhanced the lifetime of the network as compared to the existing approaches. The proposed algorithm is compared with various existing techniques to measure its performance and effectiveness. The sensor nodes are randomly deployed in a 100m*100m area. Conclusion: The simulation results showed that the proposed technique has enhanced the lifespan of the network by utilizing the node’s energy in an efficient manner and reduced the consumption of energy for better network performance.

scholarly journals An improved cluster formation process in wireless sensor network to decrease energy consumption

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Farahzadi ◽  
Mostafa Langarizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Mirhosseini ◽  
Seyed Ali Fatemi Aghda
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Death Time

AbstractWireless sensor network has special features and many applications, which have attracted attention of many scientists. High energy consumption of these networks, as a drawback, can be reduced by a hierarchical routing algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) and Quadrant Cluster based LEACH (Q-LEACH) protocols. To reduce energy consumption and provide a more appropriate coverage, the network was divided into several regions and clusters were formed within each region. In selecting the cluster head (CH) in each round, the amount of residual energy and the distance from the center of each node were calculated by the base station (including the location and residual energy of each node) for all living nodes in each region. In this regard, the node with the largest value had the highest priority to be selected as the CH in each network region. The base station calculates the CH due to the lack of energy constraints and is also responsible for informing it throughout the network, which reduces the load consumption and tasks of nodes in the network. The information transfer steps in this protocol are similar to the LEACH protocol stages. To better evaluate the results, the proposed method was implemented with LEACH LEACH-SWDN, and Q-LEACH protocols using MATLAB software. The results showed better performance of the proposed method in network lifetime, first node death time, and the last node death time.

scholarly journals Trust-Aware and Low Energy Consumption Security Topology Protocol of Wireless Sensor Network

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuo Chen ◽  
Min He ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
Kai Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Trust Value ◽  
Low Energy Consumption

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a kind of distributed and self-organizing networks, in which the sensor nodes have limited communication bandwidth, memory, and limited energy. The topology construction of this network is usually vulnerable when attacked by malicious nodes. Besides, excessive energy consumption is a problem that can not be ignored. Therefore, this paper proposes a secure topology protocol of WSN which is trust-aware and of low energy consumption, called TLES. The TLES considers the trust value as an important factor affecting the behavior of node. In detail, the TLES would take trust value, residual energy of the nodes, and node density into consideration when selecting cluster head nodes. Then, TLES constructs these cluster head nodes by choosing the next hop node according to distance to base station (BS), nodes’ degrees, and residual energy, so as to establish a safe, reliable, and energy saving network. Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively isolate the malicious node in the network and reduce the consumption of energy of the whole network.

Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol on Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 1050-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Gui Lin ◽  
Hui Qi Zhang ◽  
Xu Yang Wang ◽  
Fang Qin Yao ◽  
Zhen Xing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Simulation Results

To the disadvantages, such as high energy consumption and the energy consumption imbalance, we proposed an energy-efficient routing protocol on mobile sink (MSEERP) in this paper. In the MSEERP, the network is divided into several square virtual grids based on GAF, each grid is called a cluster, and the cluster head election method of GAF is improved. In addition, the MSEERP introduces a mobile sink in the network, the sink radios in limited number of hops and uses control moving strategy, namely the sink does not collect the information until it moves to a cluster with highest residual energy. We applied NS2 to evaluate its performance and analyze the simulation results by the energy model. Simulation results show that the MSEERP balances the energy consumption of the network, saves nodes energy and extends the network lifetime.

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