scholarly journals Sucrose-Sweetened Drinks Reduce the Physical Performance and Increase the Cardiovascular Risk in Physically Active Males

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Raianne dos Santos Baleeiro ◽  
Aparecida Patricia Guimarães ◽  
Perciliany Martins de Souza ◽  
Rafael da Silva Andrade ◽  
Karina Barbosa de Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Exercise Time ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Response ◽  
Total Exercise Time ◽  
Response To Exercise

Introduction. The intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has increased rapidly, but the effects of this habit on health and physical performance are unknown. This study assessed the effect of excessive SSB intake on biochemical, physical performance, and biochemical and cardiovascular parameters of physically active males. Methods. Seventeen volunteers consumed a placebo drink (Pd; carbohydrate free) and an excessive SSB drink (eSSBd = Pd plus 300 g sucrose). In a blind randomized crossover study, the subjects were assigned to Pd or eSSBd groups for 15 days. After an interval of 7 days, subjects were reassigned to the other condition. Results. After eSSBd intake, there was an increase in weight (69.34 ± 13.71 vs. 70.62 ± 14.06), body mass index (24.49 ± 4.01 vs. 24.97 ± 4.13), waist circumference (75.33 ± 11.22 vs. 76.79 ± 11.51), VLDL (19.54 ± 9.50 vs. 25.52 ± 11.18), triglycerides (78.94 ± 23.79 vs. 114.77 ± 43.65), and peak systolic blood pressure (178.57 ± 26.56 vs. 200.71 ± 24.64). The cardiorespiratory response to exercise (VO2max) (48.15 ± 10.42 vs. 40.98 ± 11.20), peak heart rate (186.64 ± 8.00 vs. 179.64 ± 6.28), total exercise time (15.02 ± 1.57 vs. 14.00 ± 2.18), and mechanical work (15.83 ± 4.53 vs. 13.68 ± 5.67) decreased after eSSBd intake (all values expressed in initial mean ± DP vs. final). The rates of perceived exertion were higher (1.300 vs.1.661 slope and −0.7186 vs. −1.118 y-intercept) after eSSBd intake. Conclusion. The present study shows that 15 days of eSSBd intake may negatively modulate biochemical parameters associated with cardiovascular risk. In addition, this overintake can impair the physical performance and cardiovascular responses to physical exercise.

scholarly journals Angiotensin-(1-7) oral formulation improves physical performance in mountain bike athletes: a double-blinded crossover study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara Silva de Moura ◽  
Adália Táci Pereira Mendes ◽  
Francisco de Assis Dias Martins-Júnior ◽  
Nádia Lúcia Totou ◽  
Daniel Barbosa Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Oral Formulation ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Mountain Bike ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
Total Exercise Time ◽  
Double Blinded

Abstract Objective This study examined the effects of HPβ-CD-Ang-(1–7) oral supplement on performance of mountain bike (MTB) athletes. Methods Fourteen recreational athletes, involved in training programs for at least one year, participated in this crossover design study. Subjects underwent two days of testing with a seven-day interval. HPβ-CD-Ang-(1–7) (1.75 mg) and HPβCD-Placebo were provided in capsules three hours prior to tests. To determine the safety of the HPβ-CD-Ang-(1–7) formulation associated with physical effort, cardiovascular parameters heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were analyzed. Physical performance was measured using maximal oxygen uptake (VO2), total exercise time (TET), mechanical work (MW), mechanical efficiency (ME), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Respiratory exchange coefficient (REC), lactate and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were measured. Maximal incremental tests were performed on a progressively loaded leg cycle ergometer. Results There were no significant differences in terms of HR or BP at rest and maximum effort between the Ang-(1–7) and placebo groups. The VO2max showed significant differences (p = 0.04). It was higher in the Ang-(1–7)condition (66.15 ml/kg/min) compared to the placebo (60.72 ml/kg/min). This was also observed for TET (Ang-(1–7) 39.10 min vs. placebo 38.14 min; p = 0.04), MW (Ang-(1–7) 156.7 vs. placebo 148.2; p = 0.04), and at the lowest RPE (Ang-(1–7) vs. placebo; p = 0.009). No significant differences were observed for REC, NEFAs, or Lactate. Conclusion These results suggest that HPβ-CD-Ang-(1–7) improves the physical performance of MTB recreational athletes and could be a promising supplement.

Comparison of cardiovascular responses among physically active and sedentary students: A protocol for Quasi-experimental study of submaximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer in the Sahel region of Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Ayi Ayi Ewah ◽  
Adetoyeje Y Oyeyemi ◽  
Saturday N Oghumu ◽  
Mary Ogaga ◽  
Lucy Inyang Edet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Sahel Region

Abstract BackgroundThe rate at which the heart rate and blood pressure drop following a stimulus such as exercise or physical stress is a powerful and independent marker for determining the rate mortality from a cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study will be to determine the heart rate and blood pressure drops of physically active and sedentary student following a sub-maximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer.ResultsThis quasi-experimental study will conveniently sample a total of 102 (Physically active n=51 & sedentary n=51) subjects of age 18-35. The study site shall be the physiotherapy gymnasium at the University of Maiduguri Teaching hospital. The level of physical activity will be measured using International Physical Activity questionnaire. Anthropometric variable such as height and weight will be assessed. Borge scale will be used to determine the Rate of Perceived Exertion. Data analysis will be done using SPSS version 20. Student –t-test, Analysis of Co-variance and descriptive statistic will be used to analyzed collected data at p<0.05. The heart rate and blood pressure at rest, peak intensity and post-exercise will be determined using a digital electronic device. The difference between the peak/resting heart rate and blood pressure will be recorded as rate of drops. Measurement will also be carried out at 1, 2-minutes after the first measurement up to 5 minutes after removing exercise stimulus.ConclusionHeart rate and blood pressure recovery are a useful clinical tool for diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Drops in heart rate less than 12 beat per minutes put a person at risk of developing a heart attack. It is not known whether the drops in heart rate of student in the Sahel region of Nigeria will be normal or abnormal. Since there are little studies on the recovery heart rate and blood pressure after removing a stimulus such as exercise. There is a need for more studies to help bridge the gap in literatures.

scholarly journals Operationalizing the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations: A Standardized Scoring System (P13-034-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa Shams-White ◽  
Alice Bender ◽  
Nigel Brockton ◽  
Susannah Brown ◽  
Lisa Kahle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Objectives To develop a standardized AICR/WCRF Score that measures adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Recommendations and provide guidance for its application in research. Methods Each of the updated 2018 WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Recommendations and the associated goals and statements of advice were examined to inform the definition of a new Score. For each of the weight, physical activity, diet, and breastfeeding-specific recommendations, components and subcomponents were created. Standards for scoring each component were established based on quantitative guidance specified in the recommendations; however, if no specificity was provided, other guidelines (e.g., national guidelines), past research that operationalized 2007 WCRF/AICR recommendations, and expert panel advice were evaluated. Results The proposed AICR/WCRF Score includes eight of the ten WCRF/AICR 2018 recommendations: 1) Be a healthy weight, 2) Be physically active, 3) Eat a diet rich in whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and beans, 4) Limit consumption of fast foods and other processed foods high in fat, starches, or sugars, 5) Limit consumption of red and processed meats, 6) Limit consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, 7) Limit alcohol consumption, and, optionally, 8) For mothers: breastfeed your baby, if you can. Each of the components are worth one point: 1, 0.5, and 0 points for fully, partially, and not meeting the recommendations, respectively (total Score: 0–7 or 8 points). Two recommendations were not included in the Score due to uncertain intent of supplement use (Do not use supplements for cancer prevention) and the redundancy of the dependent components in the final recommendation (After a cancer diagnosis: follow our Recommendations, if you can). Additional guidance will stress the importance of taking into account other risk factors, such as smoking, in relevant models using the new Score. Conclusions The AICR/WCRF Score is a practical tool operationalizing the 2018 recommendations. Future studies are needed to further examine how adherence to the Score relates to cancer risk and mortality in various populations. Funding Sources None.

Effects of 4-week small-sided games vs. high-intensity interval training with changes of direction in female collegiate basketball players

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110327
Author(s):  
Jinshu Zeng ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Yuanhong Xu ◽  
Wu Zhou ◽  
Fei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Collegiate Basketball ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
And Control ◽  
Movement Test

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of 4-week small-sided games (SSG) and high-intensity interval training with changes of direction (HIT-COD) on physical performance and specific technical skills in female collegiate basketball players. Nineteen players were divided into SSG (n = 9) and HIT-COD (n = 10) groups, that performed either SSG or HIT-COD three times per week for 4 weeks during the pre-season. Players’ heart rate (HR) and perceived exertion responses (RPE) were assessed during the intervention. Before and after the intervention period, performances were assessed with 30-15 intermittent fitness test (30-15IFT), repeated sprint ability (RSA) test, modified agility T-test (MAT), countermovement jump (CMJ), 20-m sprint, shooting accuracy test, 1 min shooting test, passing test, defensive movement test and control dribble test. Both training interventions led to similar physiological and perceived exertion responses, showing no significant differences in HR ( P = .49, d = 0.2) and RPE ( P = .77, d = 0.1) between groups. Significant improvements were observed in 30-15IFT (SSG: 4.1%, d = 1.5; HIT-COD: 4.2%, d = 1.7), RSAmean (SSG: −2.2%, d = 1.0; HIT-COD: −1.9%, d = 1.0), RSAbest (SSG: −2.0%, d = 0.9; HIT-COD: −2.1%, d = 1.1), MAT (SSG: −7.2%, d = 1.7; HIT-COD: 5.7%, d = 1.5), defensive movement test (SSG: −5.1%, d = 2.1; HIT-COD: −5.8%, d = 1.8) and control dribble test (SSG: −3.4%, d = 1.0; HIT-COD: −2.6%, d = 1.0). The only significant group × time interaction was found ( P = .032, [Formula: see text] = 0.24), with SSG improving 1 min shooting (22.4%, d = 1.0) and HIT-COD performing slightly worse (−2.6%, d = 0.1) after a 4-week intervention. The current study suggests that using SSG is more effective than HIT-COD for female collegiate basketball players in pre-season, since SSG improves physical performance and basketball-specific movements as well as shooting abilities after a 4-week intervention.

scholarly journals Altered cardiorespiratory response to exercise in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. e12719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti-Pekka E. Rissanen ◽  
Tiina Koskela-Koivisto ◽  
Harriet Hägglund ◽  
Anne S. Koponen ◽  
Jyrki M. Aho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Response ◽  
Response To Exercise

scholarly journals Lactate, Heart Rate and Rating of Perceived Exertion Responses to Shorter and Longer Duration CrossFit® Training Sessions

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramires Tibana ◽  
Nuno de Sousa ◽  
Jonato Prestes ◽  
Fabrício Voltarelli
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to analyze blood lactate concentration (LAC), heart rate (HR), and rating perceived exertion (RPE) during and after shorter and longer duration CrossFit® sessions. Nine men (27.7 ± 3.2 years; 11.3 ± 4.6% body fat percentage and training experience: 41.1 ± 19.6 months) randomly performed two CrossFit® sessions (shorter: ~4 min and longer: 17 min) with a 7-day interval between them. The response of LAC and HR were measured pre, during, immediately after, and 10, 20, and 30 min after the sessions. RPE was measured pre and immediately after sessions. Lactate levels were higher during the recovery of the shorter session as compared with the longer session (shorter: 15.9 ± 2.2 mmol/L/min, longer: 12.6 ± 2.6 mmol/L/min; p = 0.019). There were no significant differences between protocols on HR during (shorter: 176 ± 6 bpm or 91 ± 4% HRmax, longer: 174 ± 3 bpm or 90 ± 3% HRmax, p = 0.387). The LAC was significantly higher throughout the recovery period for both training sessions as compared to pre-exercise. The RPE was increased immediately after both sessions as compared to pre-exercise, while there was no significant difference between them (shorter: 8.7 ± 0.9, longer: 9.6 ± 0.5; p = 0.360). These results demonstrated that both shorter and longer sessions induced elevated cardiovascular responses which met the recommendations for gains in cardiovascular fitness. In addition, both training sessions had a high metabolic and perceptual response, which may not be suitable if performed on consecutive days.

The Cardiorespiratory Response to Exercise of Patients with Ebstein’s Anomaly

1986 ◽  
pp. 267-268
Author(s):  
Gerald Barber ◽  
Gordon K. Danielson ◽  
Charles T. Heise ◽  
David J. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Ebstein’S Anomaly ◽  
Ebstein's Anomaly ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Response ◽  
Response To Exercise

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk profiles and stress echocardiography results in patients with hypertensive response to exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 4183
Author(s):  
E. A. Karev ◽  
E. G. Malev ◽  
A. Yu. Suvorov ◽  
S. L. Verbilo ◽  
M. N. Prokudina
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenosis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Response To Exercise

Aim. To compare markers of high cardiovascular risk and stress echocardiography results depending on the type of blood pressure (BP) response to exercise in patients without obstructive coronary artery disease.Material and methods. Our single-center cross-sectional study included 96 patients without hemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis according to coronary angiography or multislice computed tomography angiography. All patients underwent physical examination, cardiovascular risk stratification, electrocardiography, extracranial cerebrovascular ultrasound, echocardiography, treadmill exercise stress echocardiography.Results. According to the test results, the patients were divided into groups with a hypertensive response (n=41) and a normal response to exercise (n=55). Patients with hypertensive response to exercise had significantly higher values of left ventricular mass index (100,0 (90,0; 107,0) g/m2 vs 76,0 (68,0; 91,0) g/m2, p<0,0000001) and left atrial volume index (36,7 (32,0; 46,0) ml/m2 vs 29,7 (26,3; 32,0) ml/m2, p=0,000003). There was also a higher level of cardiovascular SCORE risk (5,0 (2,0; 6,0) vs 2,0 (1,0; 3,0), p=0,004); patients more often had associated clinical conditions (36,6% vs 12,7%, χ2=7,57, p=0,006) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (39,02% vs 78,18%, χ2=15,21, p=0,0001). Pathological BP increase during stress echocardiography was associated with worse exercise tolerance (7,4 (5,6; 10,0) METs vs 10,2 (8,4; 11,95) METs, p=0,000041) and more frequent transient regional contractility impairment (46,34% vs 1,8%, p<0,00001), mainly of the lateral and inferior left ventricular walls.Conclusion. Despite the absence of coronary artery stenosis, patients with hypertensive response to exercise are significantly more likely to have markers of high cardiovascular risk and require more careful monitoring of risk factors. Also, the hypertensive response to exercise is associated with more frequent regional contractility impairment even without coronary artery stenosis.

Cardiovascular Responses to Resistance Exercise Performed with Large and Small Muscle Mass

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 883-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenifran Matos-Santos ◽  
Paulo Farinatti ◽  
Juliana P. Borges ◽  
Renato Massaferri ◽  
Walace Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Potential Bias ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Small Muscle

AbstractPrior research about the effects of the amount of exercised muscle mass upon cardiovascular responses (CVR) has neglected a potential bias related to total exercise and concentric/eccentric duration. Autonomic responses and perceived exertion (RPE) were compared in resistance exercises performed with larger and smaller muscle mass and matched for total exercise and concentric/eccentric duration. Twelve men performed 4 sets of 12 repetitions of unilateral (UNI) and bilateral (BIL) knee extensions at 70% of 12RM. Increases in CVR were always greater at the last set of BIL over UNI, as were SBP (35% vs. 23%), DBP (36% vs. 23%), HR (40% vs. 26%), RRP (90% vs 53%) and CO (55% vs 39%). No difference between protocols was found for autonomic modulation before and after exercise, but BIL induced significantly greater changes than UNI from baseline for R-R intervals (−13% vs. −7%), SDNN (−38% vs. −17%) and rMSSD (−41% vs. −21%). The rate of perceived exertion in the last set was higher in BIL than UNI (7.6±0.5 vs. 6.6±1.4 OMNI-RES; P<0.05) and did not correlate with any CVR. Thus, CVR were greater in resistance exercise performed with larger than smaller muscle mass. This information is relevant for patients with high cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Determination of ventilatory threshold based on rating of perceived exertion scale

2004 ◽  
Vol 132 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 409-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanimir Stojiljkovic ◽  
Dejan Nesic ◽  
Sanja Mazic ◽  
Dejana Popovic ◽  
Dusan Mitrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Continuous Test ◽  
Dependent Samples ◽  
Increasing Load

The objective of the study was to test the possibility of using the fixed value (12-13) of the Rating of Perceived scale (RPE scale), as a valid method for determination of ventilatory threshold (VT). The sample of the subjects included 32 physically active males (age: 22.3; TV: 180.5; TM: 75.5 kg; V02max: 57.1 mL/kg/min). During the continuous test of progressively increasing load on a treadmill, cardiorespiratory and other parameters were monitored using ECG and gas analyzer. Following the test, VT and V02max were determined. During the test, at each level, at the scale from 6 to 20, the subjects pointed the number that suited best their currently feeling of strain. The RPE threshold was defined as constant value of 12-13. Average values of ventilatory and RPE threshold were expressed by parameters that were monitored and then compared by using t-test for dependent samples. No significant difference was found between mean values of VT and RPE threshold, when they were expressed by relevant parameters: speed, load, heart rate, absolute and relative oxygen consumption. Fixed value (12-13) of RPE scale may be used to detect the exercise intensity that corresponds to ventilatory threshold.

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