scholarly journals VOLN27B: A New Head-Tailed Halovirus Isolated from an Underground Salt Crystal and Infecting Halorubrum

Archaea ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Shaoxing Chen ◽  
Yongpei Dai ◽  
Jingwen Liu ◽  
Shimin Zhang ◽  
Feilong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Sample ◽  
Hypersaline Environment ◽  
Salt Crystal ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Contractile Tail ◽  
Cretaceous Period ◽  
Drill Core Sample

A novel halovirus, VOLN27B, was isolated from a drill core sample taken at a depth of approximately 430 m, from a layer formed during the Cretaceous period (Anhui, China). VOLN27B infects the halophilic archaeon Halorubrum sp. LN27 and has a head-tailed morphotype with a contractile tail, typical of myoviruses. The average head diameter is 64 ± 2.0  nm, and uncontracted tails are 15 ± 1.0 × 65 ± 2.0  nm. The latent period is about 10 h. The maturing time of VOLN27B in cells of Halorubrum sp. LN27 was nearly 8 h. The adsorption time of VOLN27B on cells of Halorubrum sp. LN27 was less than 1 min. Virus particles are unstable at pH values less than 5 or when the NaCl concentration is below 12% ( w / v ). VOLN27B and Halorubrum sp. LN27 were recovered from the same hypersaline environment and provide a new virus-host system in haloarchaea.

Cold smoking of Lebranche mullet (Mugil liza): Physicochemical, sensory, and microbiological evaluation

2020 ◽  
pp. 108201322095167
Author(s):  
Rolando Jimenez Lugo ◽  
Silvina Paola Agustinelli ◽  
María Isabel Yeannes ◽  
Marina Czerner
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Stability Range ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Salty Taste ◽  
Bacterial Groups

The suitability of Mugil liza for cold smoking was evaluated and the effect of four different salting treatments on physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics was assessed. The addition of sucrose (3%) and acetic acid (0.5%) to the brine lead to fillet dehydration with lower NaCl penetration, combined with higher reduction of pH. Brining at refrigerated temperature (5 ± 1 ℃) instead of room temperature (16 ± 2 ℃) was more effective in preventing microbial growth. Loads of bacterial groups assessed in all smoked samples were below 100 CFU/g and the aw, moisture, NaCl, and pH values achieved were within the typical stability range of smoked fish products. The obtained products were characterized by the smoked aroma and salty taste, differing in 7 of the 21 evaluated descriptors. The use of acetic acid in brine formulation showed an effect over color and texture descriptors. The affective test indicated the overall acceptability of products, being preferred the samples treated in the lowest NaCl concentration (5%).

Über die pH- und Temperatur-Abhängigkeit des thermischen Zerfalls von Poliovirus-Teilchen in Nucleinsäure und leere Proteinhüllen

1966 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Drees ◽  
K. D. Demme
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Concentrated Suspensions ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Intact Virus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ultracentrifugal Analysis ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Kinetics Of

The intact virus particles of highly purified, concentrated suspensions of poliovirus have been disintegrated into free nucleic acid and empty protein shells (78 S protein) by moderate heat treatment at various temperatures and pH values. The kinetics of this degradation has been followed by ultracentrifugal analysis.With increasing temperature between 35° and 50 °C and with increasing pH of the suspension medium between 7 and 8, the rate of degradation increased. For any particular conditions the initial rate was not maintained, and after a certain time there was little further degradation if conditions remained unaltered. Some particles with the sedimentation characteristics of poliovirus were resistant to disintegration under the same conditions which led to the breakdown of the bulk of the virus. The proportion of this “stable fraction” varied within a wide range from one preparation to another and decreased with increasing temperature and with increasing pʜ.

scholarly journals Influence of pH and ionic strength on the aggregation behaviors of xylan rich hemicelluloses with alkaline lignins

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 7608-7622
Author(s):  
Guichun Hu ◽  
Jinguang Hu ◽  
Honglei Chen ◽  
Shunxi Song ◽  
Fuqiang Chu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Main Chain ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Aggregation Behaviors ◽  
Influence Of Ph

The evolution of xylan-rich hemicelluloses (XH) aggregation behaviors in the presence of alkaline lignins (AL) under a wide range of pH values and NaCl concentration were investigated via dynamic light scattering and turbidity measurements. XH isolated from wheat straw contain a xylose backbone with arabinose side chains and a small amount of phenol groups. XH tend to aggregate in solution due to their low ratio of arabinose to xylose and hydrophobic phenol groups. AL interact with XH through the phenol groups bonded to the hemicellulose main chain to form an AL-XH complex. As the pH value decreases, the particle size and turbidity of AL, XH and their bonded complex all increase. The size of the AL-XH complex agglomerate is greater than the size of a XH at the same pH value, which indicates that the self-assembly of lignin molecules initiate the aggregation of XH. The particle size and turbidity of XH and AL-XH complexes increase as the XH concentration increase. At low pH values, e.g., 6.0, the particle size of the AL-XH complex more obviously increases compared to the XH particles. The size and turbidity of the AL, XH, and AL-XH complex agglomerates increased as the NaCl concentration increased.

Filament Formation in Listeria monocytogenes

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1031-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
LOWELL L. ISOM ◽  
ZUBIN S. KHAMBATTA ◽  
JON L. MOLUF ◽  
DANIEL F. AKERS ◽  
SCOTT E. MARTIN
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Filament Length ◽  
Filament Formation ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Nacl Concentration

Listeria monocytogenes strains SLCC 5764 cells were challenged with various NaCl concentrations and levels of pH. Cells were propagated in tryptic soy broth containing 250 to 1,500 mM NaCl or TSB at pH values ranging from 3.5 to 9.5.Microscopic analyses of the listerial cells following incubation revealed morphological changes under several adverse conditions. Filament formation occurred at NaCl concentrations above 1,000 mM with an increase in filament length as NaCl concentration increased. The same phenomenon was observed at pH values of 5.0 to 6.0 (adjusted with citric acid) and at pH > 9.0 (NaOH). The length of the filaments increased as the growth environment became more challenging. Cellular elongation of L. monocytogenes cells grown under these conditions suggests that an adaptation mechanism for survival may be involved. Since long filament structures may form under certain stressful conditions, these observations may be useful in preventing misidentification of L. monocytogenes.

Research on Proteinous Adhesive Made of Protein Isolated from Crayfish Shell Waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Rong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Shell Waste ◽  
Extractable Protein

Defatted crayfish shell waste (CSW) was prepared by the removal of extractable fat with cyclohexane. CSW was pretreated by benzoic acid and demineralized by acids. Proteins in the pretreated CSW were extracted with NaOH and 0-4% NaCl concentrations with 0.05% CaCl2 at pH 5.5-6.6 for 1 h at 50°C. By using the salt extraction procedure, CSW protein concentrate (29 g) was obtained from pretreated CSW (100 g). Recovery of protein was dependent on the extraction temperature employed; recovery values ranged from 33.2 to 51.4%. At 4% NaCl concentration, CaCl2 increased protein solubility by 30%, compared to the control. The adhesiveness of saltextractable protein at various pH values ranging from 5.0 to 9.0 was investigated. At pH 6.0-8.0, adhesiveness of salt-extractable protein showed the highest value (78.2 kg). The adhesiveness increased linearly as the salt-extractable protein concentration increased up to 24% with respect to temperature for salt-extractable protein adhesiveness, the greatest adhesiveness was in the range of 70 to 90. Improved adhesiveness and water resistance were observed with 0.05% glutaraldehyde treatment.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Halotolerant Bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens ANJ207, Isolated from Salt Crystal Deposits in Pipelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Anjney Sharma ◽  
Ruchi Srivastava ◽  
Praveen Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Alok Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Salt Crystal ◽  
Draft Assembly ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Halotolerant Bacterium ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Chromohalobacter Salexigens

Chromohalobacter salexigens ANJ207 was isolated from a salt crystal and is known to tolerate up to 30% NaCl concentration. Here, we report the de novo draft assembly of C. salexigens ANJ207.

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