scholarly journals Potential Factors of Corneal Endothelial Cells for Progression in Children with Uveitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xu Chen ◽  
Yi Shao ◽  
Shi-Nan Wu ◽  
Shan-Bi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Area ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
The Difference

Objective. To observe the morphological changes and abnormal structure of corneal endothelial cells in children with uveitis, to analyze the related factors affecting the morphological changes of corneal endothelial cells, and to explore the clinical application of a corneal endothelial microscope in children with uveitis. Methods. The corneal endothelial cells of 70 patients with uveitis were photographed with the Topcon SP-3000 noncontact corneal endothelial microscope, and the corneal endothelial cell density (CD), average cell area (AVE), coefficient of variation of the cell area (CV), and percentage of hexagonal cells (PHC) were measured with the IMAGEnet system. Twenty-eight patients (56 eyes) with monocular uveitis were selected, with the affected eyes (28 eyes) as the experimental group and the contralateral healthy eyes (28 eyes) as the control group. The corneal endothelial cell parameters between the two groups were statistically analyzed. The parameters of corneal endothelial cells in 70 children with uveitis were compared, and the effects of the course of the disease, inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber, and posterior corneal deposition (KP) on the parameters of corneal endothelial cells were analyzed. Results. There are four abnormal forms of the corneal endothelium in children with uveitis: enlarged cell area gap, irregular cell shape, blurred intercellular space, and cell loss. KP showed irregular high reflective white spots in the corneal endothelial microscope images, surrounded by dark areas, and existed in all the eyes with dusty KP found in slit lamp examination and a small number of eyes without obvious KP. Comparing the corneal endothelial cell parameters between the experimental group and the control group, it was found that the corneal endothelial CD and PHC of the former were lower than those of the latter, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.018 , respectively). The AVE and CA of the former were higher than those of the latter ( P = 0.013 and P = 0.046 , respectively). The corneal endothelial cell density of the eyes with a course of the disease of more than 1 year was lower than that of the eyes with a course of the disease less than 1 year, the coefficient of variation of the corneal endothelial cell area of the eyes with KP was higher than that of the eyes without KP, and the difference was statistically significant ( P = 0.003 and P = 0.030 , respectively). Conclusion. Corneal endothelial microscopy is one of the important methods for the detection of uveitis with high sensitivity. The change of morphological parameters of corneal endothelial cells is one of the important indexes to assist in the diagnosis of uveitis and can be further promoted in ophthalmological examination.

scholarly journals Sodium Ferulate Attenuates Lidocaine-Induced Corneal Endothelial Impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojian Jiang ◽  
Tingjun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell Loss ◽  
Sodium Ferulate ◽  
Human Corneal Endothelial Cells

The introduction of intracameral anaesthesia by injection of lidocaine has become popular in cataract surgery for its inherent potency, rapid onset, tissue penetration, and efficiency. However, intracameral lidocaine causes corneal thickening, opacification, and corneal endothelial cell loss. Herein, we investigated the effects of lidocaine combined with sodium ferulate, an antioxidant with antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, on lidocaine-induced damage of corneal endothelia with in vitro experiment of morphological changes and cell viability of cultured human corneal endothelial cells and in vivo investigation of corneal endothelial cell density and central corneal thickness of cat eyes. Our finding indicates that sodium ferulate from 25 to 200 mg/L significantly reduced 2 g/L lidocaine-induced toxicity to human corneal endothelial cells, and 50 mg/L sodium ferulate recovered the damaged human corneal endothelial cells to normal growth status. Furthermore, 100 mg/L sodium ferulate significantly inhibited lidocaine-induced corneal endothelial cell loss and corneal thickening in cat eyes. In conclusion, sodium ferulate protects human corneal endothelial cells from lidocaine-induced cytotoxicity and attenuates corneal endothelial cell loss and central corneal thickening of cat eyes after intracameral injection with lidocaine. It is likely that the antioxidant effect of sodium ferulate reduces the cytotoxic and inflammatory corneal reaction during intracameral anaesthesia.

scholarly journals The impact of phacoemulsification on corneal endothelial cells in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
V. V. Potemkin ◽  
T. S. Varganova ◽  
E. V. Ageeva
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
The Impact

The effect of pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEХ) on endothelial cells has been studied long enough. Yet the effect of phacoemulsification (PHACO) on endothelium in patients with PEХ is less explored.Purpose. To assess the impact of PHACO on corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and on the coefficient of variation (CV) in patients with PEX.Material and methods. 30 patients (30 eyes) with PEX syndrome and 34 patients (34 eyes) with no such syndrome were examined before and after phacoemulsification.Results. In patients with PEX, the ECD after PHACO was significantly lower and CV was significantly higher (р < 0.05).Conclusion. PEX has a negative impact on endothelial cells, which leads to a pronounced cells loss after PHACO.

The state of corneal endothelial cells in the dynamics of surgical treatment of age-related and diabetic cataracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
S.Y. Totskova ◽  
◽  
A.E. Babushkin ◽  
Е.M. Garipova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density

Purpose. To assess the state of the corneal endothelium in patients with diabetic and immature age - related cataracts before and in the long term after phacoemulsification. Material and methods. There were 25 patients (43 eyes) under observation in total. The average age is 66.4±10.1 years. There were 12 men and 13 women among the surveyed. The average time after cataract phacoemulsification was 5.6±1.7 years. There were 2 groups of patients: group I (main) included 10 patients (16 eyes) with diabetic cataract, group 2 (control) consisted of 15 patients (27 eyes) with immature senile cataract (ISC) without diabetes. Before and after phacoemulsification the central corneal thickness (CCT), as well as polymegatism, pleomorphism, and corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) were studied using an EM-2000 endothelial microscope (Nidek, Japan). Results. In the long-term period after cataract phacoemulsification there was decreasing trend in the corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) as in patients operated on for immature senile and especially diabetic cataracts (by 1.5 times). The initial data of ECD in patients with diabetic cataract in comparison with ISC were lower although not significantly. There was also a decreasing trend in the percentage of hexaganality and the number of normal endothelial cells, as well as an increase in the coefficient of their polymegatism after phacoemulsification in patients with DM in comparison with patients without it. Conclusion. The study showed that phacoemulsification of diabetic cataracts is associated with more pronounced damage to the corneal endothelium when compared with the ISC group. During phacoemulsification with IOL implantation, especially in patients with diabetic cataracts, you should pay attention to the initially possible smaller ECD and take this circumstance into account when performing phacoemulsification. Key words: diabetic cataract, surgical treatment, phacoemulsification, endothelial microscopy, corneal endothelial cells.

scholarly journals Corneal endothelial cell dysfunction: etiologies and management

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 251584141881580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Feizi
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Keratoplasty ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Dysfunction

A transparent cornea is essential for the formation of a clear image on the retina. The human cornea is arranged into well-organized layers, and each layer plays a significant role in maintaining the transparency and viability of the tissue. The endothelium has both barrier and pump functions, which are important for the maintenance of corneal clarity. Many etiologies, including Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy, surgical trauma, and congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy, lead to endothelial cell dysfunction. The main treatment for corneal decompensation is replacement of the abnormal corneal layers with normal donor tissue. Nowadays, the trend is to perform selective endothelial keratoplasty, including Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty and Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty, to manage corneal endothelial dysfunction. This selective approach has several advantages over penetrating keratoplasty, including rapid recovery of visual acuity, less likelihood of graft rejection, and better patient satisfaction. However, the global limitation in the supply of donor corneas is becoming an increasing challenge, necessitating alternatives to reduce this demand. Consequently, in vitro expansion of human corneal endothelial cells is evolving as a sustainable choice. This method is intended to prepare corneal endothelial cells in vitro that can be transferred to the eye. Herein, we describe the etiologies and manifestations of human corneal endothelial cell dysfunction. We also summarize the available options for as well as recent developments in the management of corneal endothelial dysfunction.

scholarly journals ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN ENDOTHELIAL CELL OF RETINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Sonpal Jindal ◽  
Dr. Mukesh Kumar Taneja
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density

Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem worldwide. Many parts of the human eye, including the epithelium of the cornea, lens, ciliary body, and retinal pigment epithelium, as well as the corneal endothelium, ganglion cell layer, and retinal photoreceptors, contain vitamin D receptor. Physiological effects of vitamin D From an ocular point of view, the role in macular and retinal health had been advanced, as well as the involvement in corneal inflammatory response, wound healing, and dry eye disease. The most important effect of vitamin D is on, phosphorus, calcium metabolism and on bone mineralization. Recently, it was observed that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are related with common cancers, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndromes, infectious, and many chronic diseases including autoimmune disease. Benefits of vitamin D may be amplified through synergistic interaction with topical corticosteroids which accelerates improvement in corneal shape and optics, substantially benefiting the control of ocular surface disease and dry eye symptoms. Aqueous humour is the primary source responsible for the feeding of corneal endothelial layer hence endothelial abnormalities can be expected due to accumulated inflammatory cytokines and multiple toxic products in the aqueous humour of the patients with vitamin D deficiency. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subjects were selected with vitamin D deficiency in the age group of 20–55 years. 50 patients having serum vitamin D levels <15 ng/ml were included in the study. Serum vitamin D levels of <15 ng/ml were included in the control group. Vitamin D levels in tear fluid were measured by direct competitive chemiluminescent enzyme linked immunoassay. A complete ophthalmic evaluation was performed in all participants which includes assessment of visual acuity, anterior segment evaluation and posterior segment evaluation. Specular microscopy was performed on the eyes of the patients with vitamin D deficiency and healthy control group individuals. Corneal endothelial cell density (CD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) values were calculated automatically using the software of the specular microscope.  RESULTS: The study group included 23 male and 27 female subjects while study group included 24 male and 26 female. Mean age of male in study group was 46.4 ± 12.56 and female was 45.6 ± 11.77. In control group mean male age was 48.5 ± 9.25 and female age was 49.56 ± 12.55. In study group Mean Corneal endothelial cell density (CD)  was observed as 2632.89 ± 189.25 cells/mm 2  and Mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was 587.2 ± 25.89 μ. In control group Mean Corneal endothelial cell density (CD) was observed as 2954.97 ± 116.89 cells/mm 2  and Mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was 546.0 ± 36.22 μ. Vitamin D levels of Tears in study group was 8.4 ± 1.7 ng/ml  and in control group it was 16.2 ± 2.3 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: It has been observed that there is statistically significant difference in the corneal endothelial cell density (CD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with vitamin D deficiency. It was observed that Vitamin D is present in tear fluid and there is significant difference in the levels of vitamin D in study and control group.

Study of Segmentation Algorithm Based on Corneal Endothelial Cell Images

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 2377-2381
Author(s):  
Ru Min Yang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Cheng Bo Yu ◽  
Jing Jing Hu ◽  
Yi Ju Yang
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Histogram Equalization ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Dynamic Threshold ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Accurate Identification

In this paper, we study an an algorithm for accurately extracting the outline of Corneal Endothelial Cell images according to the structure and feature of the corneal endothelial cells. Firstly, we reduce the influence of uneven exposure to segmentation effect using histogram equalization. Secondly, reduce the image noise by Gaussian filtering. At last, research the classical algorithm of image segmentation through the contrast experiment and then select a simple and effective local NiBlack dynamic threshold algorithm. The experimental result shows that this processing method is not only simple, but also can segment the corneal endothelial cell images clearly, and provides a good foundation of data for accurate identification of the following images.

scholarly journals Overestimation of corneal endothelial cell density by automated method in glaucomatous eyes with impaired corneal endothelial cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Minami ◽  
Etsuo Chihara
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Automated Methods

Abstract Purpose To determine between-method differences in corneal endothelial cell parameters using center and automated methods of non-contact specular microscopy (CellCheck software of Konan, Inc.) in glaucomatous eyes. Methods We analyzed the central corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) of 245 glaucomatous eyes using center (ECD-Ce) and automated methods (ECD-Au). Based on the ECD-Ce, we allocated subjects to Groups 1 to 10 (at 250 cells/mm2 intervals) and evaluated the ECD, coefficient of variation in cell area (CV), and percentage of hexagonal cells (HEX). Results There was a close correlation (r = 0.91) between the ECD values measured using both methods. However, ECD-Au were significantly higher than those measured by the center method when ECD-Ce was less than 2500 (in Groups 1 to 8; P < 0.001 to P = 0.006). The regression equation of (ECD-Au—ECD-Ce) = 1028–0.397*ECD-Ce shows greater deviation in eyes with lower ECD, and this difference became 0 when ECD -Ce was 2593 cells/mm2. None of the 44 subjects with an ECD-Ce of < 1000 cells/mm2 recorded an ECD-Au < 1000 cells/mm2. Compared with the center method, the automated method had higher and lower median CV and HEX values, respectively (P < 0.001). The between-method differences in both CV and HEX were negatively correlated with ECD-Ce (r = −0.49, P < 0.001 and r = −0.25, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion The automated method of the CellCheck software overestimates ECD in eyes with lower ECD values and may overlook risk of corneal decompensation.

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