scholarly journals Patients with Hepatitis C Infection and Normal Liver Function: A Neuropsychological and Neurophysiological Assessment of Cognitive Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jefferson Abrantes ◽  
Daniel Simplicio Torres ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Brandão-Mello
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional

Several studies have proposed a link between chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the development of cognitive disorders. However, the inclusion of confounding factors in their samples significantly limits the interpretation of the results. Therefore, here, we aimed to compare the neurophysiological and cognitive performance between patients with HCV infection and a control group after excluding other factors that may cause cognitive impairment. This cross-sectional, group-control, observational study was performed from September 12, 2014, to October 20, 2017. HCV-infected patients and healthy individuals between 18 and 77 years were considered eligible. The exclusion criteria included well-established causes of cognitive impairment, such as depression and cirrhosis. The participants were submitted to neuropsychological testing to evaluate global cognitive function (minimental), sustained attention, divided attention, selective attention, working memory, psychomotor speed, and executive function and to a neurophysiological evaluation using quantitative electroencephalograms and P300 cognitive evoked potentials. Among the 309 patients considered eligible for the study, we excluded 259 patients who had one or more characteristics from the preestablished exclusion criteria, 18 who did not undergo neuropsychological and neurophysiological testing, and five who exhibited depression. The final sample consisted of 27 patients each in the HCV and control groups. The groups did not differ in age, schooling, and sex. The patients in the HCV group exhibited poorer performances in the cognitive areas involving attention ( p = 0.01 ), memory ( p = 0.02 ), and psychomotor velocity ( p = 0.04 ) apart from exhibiting prolonged latency in the P3b component ( p = 0.03 ) and Z score ( p = 0.02 ) of the P300 evoked cognitive potential. In this study performed with strict selection criteria, on conducting neuropsychological and neurophysiological evaluations, we detected the presence of cognitive impairment characterized by the involvement of attention, working memory, psychomotor processing speed, and memory in the HCV group.

Hepatitis C infection among survivors of childhood cancer

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 3065-3070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald K. Strickland ◽  
Caroline A. Riely ◽  
Christian C. Patrick ◽  
Dana Jones-Wallace ◽  
James M. Boyett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer

Abstract Preliminary reports have suggested that survivors of childhood cancer and aplastic anemia who are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) have a low risk for progression to significant liver disease. Among our surviving patients who were transfused between 1961 and March 1992, 77 (6.6% of surviving patients tested thus far) have evidence of HCV infection, whereas 4 surviving patients who were transfused after March 1992 are HCV-infected. One patient chronically infected with HCV died of liver failure, and 2 patients died of hepatocellular carcinoma. To characterize the risk for these and other complications, 65 patients are enrolled in a longitudinal study of HCV infection, of whom 58 (89.2%) had circulating HCV RNA at the time of protocol enrollment, with genotypes 1A and 1B most commonly isolated. Most enrolled patients have few or no symptoms, carry out normal activities, and have normal liver function. To date, 35 patients have undergone liver biopsy for abnormal liver function since the diagnosis of primary malignancy; central pathology review shows 28 (80%) have chronic active hepatitis, 25 (71%) have fibrosis, and 3 (9%) have cirrhosis. These preliminary data suggest that though most survivors of childhood cancer who are infected with HCV are clinically well, some are at risk for clinically significant liver disease. Identification of other HCV-infected patients and prospective monitoring of this cohort are ongoing to determine the risk for, and to identify factors associated with the progression of, liver disease.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Core Antigen Testing to Diagnose Active Hepatitis C Infection Among Haemodialysis Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
XZ Wong ◽  
CC Gan ◽  
R M ◽  
R Y ◽  
S G ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman Test

Abstract BACKGROUNDHepatitis C virus (HCV) infects more than 71 million people worldwide and chronic HCV infection increases the risk of liver cirrhosis and failure. Haemodialysis (HD) is one of the renal replacement therapies with risk of HCV transmission. Anti-HCV antibodies are the serological screening test for HCV infection that does not detect active phase of infection. Majority HCV infected HD patients in Malaysia do not have further HCV RNA performed due to high cost and thus HCV treatment is less frequently offered. HCV Core Antigen (HCV Ag) can potentially be used to diagnose active HCV infection in HD population in comparison to HCV RNA, at lower cost. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the correlation between HCV Ag and HCV RNA and to identify the prevalence of active HCV infection among HCV seropositive HD patients from dialysis centres across West Malaysia from July 2019 to May 2020. Pre-dialysis blood was taken and tested for both HCV Ag and HCV RNA tests. HCV Ag was tested with Abbott ARCHITECT HCV Ag test.RESULTS We recruited 112 seropositive HD patients from 17 centres with mean age of 54.04±11.62 years, HD vintage of 14.1±9.7 years, and male constitute 59.8% (67) of the study population. HCV Ag correlates well with HCV RNA (Spearman test coefficient 0.833, p<0.001). The sensitivity was 90.7%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) 76.5%, and accuracy 92.9%. For HCV RNA level >3000 IU/mL, HCV Ag had a higher sensitivity of 95.1% and greater correlation (Spearman test coefficient 0.897, p<0.001). The prevalence of active HCV infection was 76.8% among HCV seropositive HD patients. CONCLUSIONS Although HCV Ag is less sensitive, it shows an excellent correlation with HCV RNA and has 100% PPV. HCV Ag can be considered as an alternative diagnostic tool for chronic active HCV infection among HD cohort, who can then be considered for HCV treatment. For seropositive HD patient with negative HCV Ag, we recommend to follow-up with HCV RNA test.

scholarly journals Fatigue in chronic hepatitis C infection a mixed method study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Marta Zalai
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Fatigue ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Clinically Significant

Fatigue is a main patient reported outcome of chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection; yet its contributors are unknown. Objectives: The study (1) evaluated fatigue predictors, (2) tested the mediating role of fatigue cognitions, (3) screened for sleep disorders, and (4) explored fatigue from patients’ perspectives. Participants: Both sexes (age>18 years, N = 115) with chronic HCV infection. Design: Cross-sectional. Results: Sixty percent reported severe fatigue (FSS≥4). Fatigue perceptions were the main predictors of fatigue (ß=.58, bias corrected CI = .070-.163). Fatigue perceptions mediated the relationship between comorbidities and fatigue. Half of the sample reported clinically significant symptoms of insomnia and/or sleep apnea. Eight main fatigue themes were endorsed by the participants. Conclusions: Fatigue and sleep disorders were clinically significant issues. Fatigue cognitions may contribute to severe fatigue outcomes. Significance: Integrating the findings into existing sleep and fatigue treatments could improve clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C infection in risk groups

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sead Ahmetagić ◽  
Kasim Muminhodžić ◽  
Elmir Čičkušić ◽  
Vildana Stojić ◽  
Jasminka Petrović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Care Workers

Hepatitis C infection is important global health problem with wide spectrum of health, social and economic consequences. The goal of this research was to estimate prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in risk groups, and to determine association hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and risk factors. Research included 4627 subjects divided in two groups. Test group included 2627 subjects divided in 4 subgroups with risk for HCV infection: those who received blood transfusion without screening on HCV (it was introduced in 1995) (700); intravenous drug users (60); patients on hemodialysis (168) and health care workers (1699). Control group included 2000 healthy volunteer blood donors. In all subjects anti-HCV antibodies were tested with third generation ELISA test. Positive serum samples were tested for presence of HCVRNA, using reaction of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. In all anti-HCV positive subjects further epidemiological and clinical workup was performed. Prevalence of HCV infection in risk groups was: 4.6% in subjects who have received blood transfusions without HCV blood screening, 35% in intravenous drug users, 58.9% in patients on chronic dialysis, and 0.4% in health care workers. In control group prevalence was low (0.2%). In the group of 158 anti-HCV positive subjects, 73.4% had HCVRNA. The largest number of subjects with HCV infection was in the age group of 30-49 years (45.8%). This study showed that multiple blood transfusions before introducing the blood screening for HCV, longer duration of intravenous drug abuse, longer duration of hemodialysis treatment, larger number of accidental injuries in health care workers are independent and statistically significant risk factors for those groups examined. Results of this study confirm that general screening for HCV infection is recommended in risk groups for HCV infection in order to identify to prevent and to treat it.

scholarly journals Chronic Hepatitis C Infection among Renal Failure Patients on Hemodialysis at RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Syifa Mustika ◽  
Camelia Dwi Jayanti ◽  
Bogi Pratomo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hemodialysis Patient ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional

Hemodialysis patient are at particular high risk for blood-borne infections. It has been estimated that among patient on hemodialysis, the prevalence of HCV infection is much higher than in general population. Research Objective: To know the prevalence and factors related with Hepatitis C infection in Chronic Kidney Failure patients who underwent chronic hemodialysis in RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data was obtained from medical record of hemodialysis patient at Hemodialysis Unit RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang period April 1, 2016 - March 31, 2017. Results: 688 patients underwent hemodialysis were included in this study, 71 patients (10.323%) positive HCV infection, male 33 patient (46.47%) and female 38 patient (53.53%). The highest positive anti HCV at the age of 48-56 year (24 patient). Patient with blood transfusion were positive 69 patient (97.20%) (p<0.05). Patient on Hemodialysis 5-10 years with positive HCV (60.56%) (p<0.05). From frequency HD one times a week 39 patient and two times a week 32 patient (p<0.05). Based on access type; manual access 48 patient (67.61%), AV shunt 15 patient (21.13%), double lumen 8 patient (11.26%) (p>0.05). Conclusions: Prevalence of chronic hepatitis C infection in CKD on HD is 10.3 %. There is correlation between blood transfusions, duration and frequency of hemodialysis on anti HCV positive. No relationship between access type of hemodialysis with anti HCV positive.

scholarly journals Fatigue in chronic hepatitis C infection a mixed method study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Marta Zalai
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Fatigue ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Clinically Significant

Fatigue is a main patient reported outcome of chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection; yet its contributors are unknown. Objectives: The study (1) evaluated fatigue predictors, (2) tested the mediating role of fatigue cognitions, (3) screened for sleep disorders, and (4) explored fatigue from patients’ perspectives. Participants: Both sexes (age>18 years, N = 115) with chronic HCV infection. Design: Cross-sectional. Results: Sixty percent reported severe fatigue (FSS≥4). Fatigue perceptions were the main predictors of fatigue (ß=.58, bias corrected CI = .070-.163). Fatigue perceptions mediated the relationship between comorbidities and fatigue. Half of the sample reported clinically significant symptoms of insomnia and/or sleep apnea. Eight main fatigue themes were endorsed by the participants. Conclusions: Fatigue and sleep disorders were clinically significant issues. Fatigue cognitions may contribute to severe fatigue outcomes. Significance: Integrating the findings into existing sleep and fatigue treatments could improve clinical outcomes.

Hepatitis C infection among survivors of childhood cancer

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 3065-3070
Author(s):  
Donald K. Strickland ◽  
Caroline A. Riely ◽  
Christian C. Patrick ◽  
Dana Jones-Wallace ◽  
James M. Boyett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer

Preliminary reports have suggested that survivors of childhood cancer and aplastic anemia who are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) have a low risk for progression to significant liver disease. Among our surviving patients who were transfused between 1961 and March 1992, 77 (6.6% of surviving patients tested thus far) have evidence of HCV infection, whereas 4 surviving patients who were transfused after March 1992 are HCV-infected. One patient chronically infected with HCV died of liver failure, and 2 patients died of hepatocellular carcinoma. To characterize the risk for these and other complications, 65 patients are enrolled in a longitudinal study of HCV infection, of whom 58 (89.2%) had circulating HCV RNA at the time of protocol enrollment, with genotypes 1A and 1B most commonly isolated. Most enrolled patients have few or no symptoms, carry out normal activities, and have normal liver function. To date, 35 patients have undergone liver biopsy for abnormal liver function since the diagnosis of primary malignancy; central pathology review shows 28 (80%) have chronic active hepatitis, 25 (71%) have fibrosis, and 3 (9%) have cirrhosis. These preliminary data suggest that though most survivors of childhood cancer who are infected with HCV are clinically well, some are at risk for clinically significant liver disease. Identification of other HCV-infected patients and prospective monitoring of this cohort are ongoing to determine the risk for, and to identify factors associated with the progression of, liver disease.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C core antigen testing to diagnose active hepatitis C infection among haemodialysis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Zheng Wong ◽  
Chye Chung Gan ◽  
Rosmawati Mohamed ◽  
Rosnawati Yahya ◽  
Shubash Ganapathy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman Test

Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects more than 71 million people worldwide and chronic HCV infection increases the risk of liver cirrhosis and failure. Haemodialysis (HD) is one of the renal replacement therapies with risk of HCV transmission. Anti-HCV antibodies are the serological screening test for HCV infection that does not detect active phase of infection. Majority HCV infected HD patients in Malaysia do not have further HCV RNA performed due to high cost and thus HCV treatment is less frequently offered. HCV Core Antigen (HCV Ag) can potentially be used to diagnose active HCV infection in HD population in comparison to HCV RNA, at lower cost. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the correlation between HCV Ag and HCV RNA and to identify the prevalence of active HCV infection among HCV seropositive HD patients from dialysis centres across West Malaysia from July 2019 to May 2020. Pre-dialysis blood was taken and tested for both HCV Ag and HCV RNA tests. HCV Ag was tested with Abbott ARCHITECT HCV Ag test. Results We recruited 112 seropositive HD patients from 17 centres with mean age of 54.04 ± 11.62 years, HD vintage of 14.1 ± 9.7 years, and male constitute 59.8% (67) of the study population. HCV Ag correlates well with HCV RNA (Spearman test coefficient 0.833, p < 0.001). The sensitivity was 90.7%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) 76.5%, and accuracy 92.9%. For HCV RNA level > 3000 IU/mL, HCV Ag had a higher sensitivity of 95.1% and greater correlation (Spearman test coefficient 0.897, p < 0.001). The prevalence of active HCV infection was 76.8% among HCV seropositive HD patients. Conclusions Although HCV Ag is less sensitive, it shows an excellent correlation with HCV RNA and has 100% PPV. HCV Ag can be considered as an alternative diagnostic tool for chronic active HCV infection among HD cohort, who can then be considered for HCV treatment. For seropositive HD patient with negative HCV Ag, we recommend to follow-up with HCV RNA test.

scholarly journals Association between hepatitis C infection and number of screened blood unit transfusions in thalassemic children

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Diah Asri Wulandari ◽  
Iesje Martiza ◽  
Yasmar Alfa ◽  
Dwi Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Unit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hcv Antibody

Background Donor blood screening test for antibody againsthepatitis C virus (HCV) by third generation ELISA is widely used.However, there is still a window period during which a donor mayalready be infected despite a negative screening test.Objectives To determine the prevalence of hepatitis C infection inthalassemic children who had received screened donor blood andto seek the association between HCV infection and the number ofblood unit transfusions received.Methods This was an analytic cross-sectional study. Sixty-sevenchildren who had received third generation ELISA screened donorblood were examined for HCV antibody. The study was conductedin Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from January toMarch 2004. The prevalence of hepatitis C was presented in per-centage. The association between HCV infection and sex, age,interval between transfusions, and the number of blood unit trans-fusions received was determined by univariate analysis and logis-tic regression analysis.Results In univariate analysis, significant difference between HCV-infected and uninfected subjects was found in the mean age andmean number of blood units transfused (P<0.001). In logistic re-gression analysis, we found a significant association between thequantity of transfused blood with positive HCV antibody (P<0.001).The odds ratio for positive HCV antibody was 1.08 for each bloodunit transfusion received (95%CI 1.02;1.14). The prevalence ofhepatitis C in thalassemic children who received third generationELISA screened blood was 22.4% (95%CI 12.4%;32.4%). Thisprevalence is lower than that in a previous study of thalassemicchildren receiving unscreened blood (50.8%).Conclusions The prevalence of HCV infection in thalassemic chil-dren who had received screened donor blood is 22.4%. HCV in-fection is significantly associated with the number of screened bloodunit transfusions

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with COPD

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. SILVA ◽  
J. STIFFT ◽  
H. CHEINQUER ◽  
M. M. KNORST
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Copd Patients

SUMMARYSome studies have suggested that chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may induce an accelerated decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). We performed a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of HCV infection in a sample of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and in a control group of blood donors. The clinical characteristics of HCV-positive and HCV-negative patients were compared. Anti-HCV antibody was determined and confirmed by HCV-RNA. The prevalence of HCV infection in COPD patients was 7·5% (95% CI 6·52–8·48) and in blood donors was 0·41% (95% CI 0·40–0·42). The HCV-positive patients had a lower FEV1 (34·7±8·6%) and a higher BODE index (median=6) than HCV-negative patients (42·7±16·5%, median=4, respectively) (P=0·011 and 0·027, respectively). Our results suggest a high prevalence of chronic HCV infection in patients with COPD in comparison with the blood donors. HCV-positive patients have a more severe disease.

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